inside农场怎么开门,新概念3 中英对照 (2024)

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English?900?英语九百句????????

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第一册

一、?Greetings?问候语?

1.?hello!?/?hi!?你好！?

2.?good?morning?/?afternoon?/?evening!?早晨（下午/晚上）好！?

3.?i'm?kathy?king.?我是凯西·金。?

4.?are?you?peter?smith??你是彼得·史密斯吗？?

5.?yes,?i?am.?/?no,?i'm?not.?是，我是。/?不，我不是。?

6.?how?are?you??你好吗？?

7.?fine,?thanks.?and?you??很好，谢谢，你呢？?

8.?i'm?fine,?too.?我也很好。?

9.?how?is?amy?/?your?wife?/?your?husband??爱米好吗？/你妻子好吗？/你丈夫好吗？?

10.?she?is?very?well,?thank?you.?她很好，谢谢。?

11.?good?night,?jane.?晚安，简。?

12.?good-bye,?mike.?再见，迈克。?

13.?see?you?tomorrow.?明天见。?

14.?see?you?later.?待会儿见。?

15.?i?have?to?go?now.?我必须走了。?

二、Expression?In?Class?课堂用语?

16.?may?i?come?in??我能进来吗？?

17.?come?in,?please.?请进。?

18.?sit?down,?please.?请坐。?

19.?it's?time?for?class.?上课时间到了。?

20.?open?your?books?and?turn?to?page?20.?打开书，翻到第20页。?

21.?i'll?call?the?roll?before?class.?课前我要点名。?

22.?here!?到！?

23.?has?everybody?got?a?sheet??每个人都拿到材料了吗？?

24.?any?different?opinion??有不同意见吗？?

25.?are?you?with?me??你们跟上我讲的了吗？?

26.?have?i?made?myself?clear??我讲明白了吗？?

27.?could?you?say?it?again??你能再说一遍吗？?

28.?any?questions??有什么问题吗？?

29.?that's?all?for?today.?今天就讲到这里。?

30.?please?turn?in?your?paper?before?leaving.?请在离开前将论文交上。?

三、Identifying?Objects?辨别物品?

31.?what's?this??这是什么？?

32.?it's?a?pen.?是支笔。?

33.?is?this?your?handbag??这是你的手提包吗？?

34.?no,?it?isn't.?/?yes,?it?is.?不，它不是。/是的，它是。?

35.?whose?pen?is?this??这是谁的笔？?

36.?it's?kate's.?是凯特的。?

37.?is?that?a?car??那是一辆小汽车吗？?

38.?no,?it?isn't.?it's?a?bus.?不，那是一辆公共汽车。?

39.?what?do?you?call?this?in?english??这个用英语怎么说？?

40.?what?is?the?color?of?your?new?book??你的新书是什么颜色的？?

41.?how?big?is?your?house??你的房子有多大？?

42.?how?long?is?the?street??这条街有多长？?

43.?what's?the?name?of?the?cat??这猫叫什么名字？?

44.?where's?the?company??那个公司在哪儿？?

45.?which?is?the?right?size??哪个尺码是对的？?

四、About?Belongings?关于所有物?

46.?what's?this??这是什么？?

47.?it's?an?air-conditioner.?这是空调。?

48.?is?this?yours??这是你的吗？?

49.?yes,?it's?mine.?是的，是我的。?

50.?where?are?my?glasses??我的眼镜在哪儿？?

51.?do?you?know?where?i've?put?my?glasses??你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗？?

52.?over?there.?在那边。?

53.?on?the?desk.?在桌上。?

54.?is?this?your?pen??i?found?it?under?the?desk.?这是你的笔吗？我在桌下捡的。?

55.?no.?mine?is?blue.?不是。我的是蓝的。?

56.?which?is?your?bag??哪个是你的包？?

57.?the?bigger?one.?大些的那个。?

58.?the?one?on?your?right.?你右边的那个。?

59.?are?these?books?all?yours??这些书全是你的吗？?

60.?some?of?them?are?mine.?一部分是我的。?

五、Identifying?People?辨别身份?

61.?who?are?you??你是谁？?

62.?i'm?jim.?我是吉姆。?

63.?who?is?the?guy?over?there??那边那个人是谁？?

64.?he's?bob.?他是鲍勃。?

65.?is?that?girl?a?student??那个女孩是学生吗？?

66.?no,?she?isn't.?不，她不是。?

67.?what?do?you?do??你是做什么的？?

68.?i'm?a?farmer.?我是个农民。?

69.?what?does?he?do??他是干什么的？?

70.?he's?a?manager.?他是个经理。?

71.?she?must?be?a?model,?isn't??她一定是个模特，不是吗？?

72.?i?really?don't?known.?我真不知道。?

73.?i?have?no?idea?about?it.?我一点都不知道。?

74.?can?she?be?a?driver??她可能是个司机吗？?

75.?yes,?i?think?so.?是的，我认为是。?

六、?About?Introduction?关于介绍?

76.?what's?your?name??你叫什么名字？?

77.?may?i?have?your?name??能告诉我你的名字吗？?

78.?my?name?is?thomas.?我叫汤姆斯。?

79.?just?call?me?tom.?就叫我汤姆吧。?

80.?what's?your?family?name??你姓什么？?

81.?my?family?name?is?ayneswonth.?我姓安尼思华斯。?

82.?how?do?you?spell?it??怎么拼？?

83.?who?is?the?lady?in?white??穿白衣服的那位小姐是谁？?

84.?could?you?introduce?me?to?her??你能把我介绍给她吗？?

85.?rose,?let?me?introduce?my?friend?to?you.?罗斯，让我介绍一下我的朋友。?

86.?this?is?tom.?he's?my?classmate.?这是汤姆。我的同学。?

87.?nice?to?meet?you.?很高兴认识你。?

88.?nice?to?meet?you,?too.?认识你我也很高兴。?

89.?let?me?introduce?myself.?让我自我介绍一下。?

90.?how?do?you?do??你好！?

七、Year,?Month?And?Day?年、月、日?

91.?what?day?is?it?today??今天星期几？?

92.?it's?monday?today.?今天是星期一。?

93.?what's?the?date?today??今天是几号？?

94.?it's?january?the?15th,?1999.?今天是1999年1月15日。?

95.?what?month?is?this??现在是几月？?

96.?it's?december.?现在是十二月。?

97.?what?year?is?this??今年是哪一年？?

98.?it's?the?year?of?1999.?今年是1999年。?

99.?what?will?you?do?during?this?weekend??这周末你干什么？?

100.?does?the?shop?open?at?9?am?on?weekdays??这家店平日是早上9点开门吗？?

101.?it?opens?at?8?am?on?weekdays,?but?at?9?at?weekends.?

平日上午8点开，但周末9点开。?

102.?what?will?you?do?the?day?after?on?next??后天你干什么？?

103.?what?did?you?do?the?week?before?last??上上星期你干了什么？?

104.?i'll?work?for?the?next?5?days.?我要工作5天（从明天算起）?

105.?it's?been?5?years?since?i?last?saw?you.?我已5年没见你了。?

八、Talking?About?Objects?谈论事物?

106.?do?you?have?a?computer??你有计算机吗？?

107.?yes,?i?do.?是的，我有。?

108.?he?has?that?book,?doesn't?he??他有那本书，是吗？?

109.?no,?he?doesn't.?不，他没有。?

110.?do?you?have?any?brothers?or?sisters??你有兄弟或姐妹吗？?

111.?no,?i'm?a?single?son.?没有，我是独生子。?

112.?does?your?computer?have?a?modem??你的电脑有调制解调器吗？?

113.?do?you?have?shampoo?here??这儿有香波卖吗？?

114.?what?a?beautiful?garden?you?have!?你的花园真漂亮。?

115.?any?tickets?left??有剩票吗？?

116.?do?you?have?glue??i?need?some?here.?你有胶水吗？我这里需要一点。?

117.?i?have?some?left.?我剩下一些。?

118.?if?you?have?more,?please?give?me?some.?如果你有多的，请给我。?

119.?do?you?have?my?pencil??你拿了我的铅笔吗？?

120.?yes,?i?have?your?eraser,?too.?是的，我还拿了你的橡皮。?

九、Talking?About?Time?叙述时间?

121.?what?time?is?it?now??现在几点？?

122.?it's?two?o'clock.?现在两点。?

123.?it's?a?quarter?past?five.?现在是五点一刻。?

124.?it's?ten?minutes?to?four.?现在差十分四点。?

125.?it's?half?past?nine.?现在是九点半。?

126.?it's?one?o'clock?sharp.?现在一点整。?

127.?it's?not?four?o'clock.?还没到四点呢。?

128.?my?watch?says?two?o'clock.?我的表是两点钟。?

129.?my?watch?is?two?minutes?fast.?我的表快了两分钟。?

130.?what's?the?time?by?your?watch??你的表几点了？?

131.?we?must?arrive?there?on?time.?我们必须准时到那儿。?

132.?there?are?only?two?minutes?left.?只剩两分钟了。?

133.?can?you?finish?your?work?ahead?of?time??你能提前完成工作吗？?

134.?the?flight?is?delayed.?飞机晚点起飞。?

135.?the?meeting?is?put?off.?会议延期了。?

十、About?Dates?关于日期?

136.?what?day?is?today??今天星期几？?

137.?today?is?monday.?今天星期一。?

138.?what's?the?date?today??今天几号？?

139.?today?is?may?21st.?今天是五月二十一号。?

140.?when?were?you?born??你什么时候出生的？?

141.?i?was?born?on?september?1st,?1976.?我出生在1976年9月1日。?

142.?what?time??什么时候？?

143.?you?name?the?time.?你定时间吧。?

144.?i'll?meet?you?tomorrow.?我们明天见面。?

145.?do?you?know?the?exact?date??你知道确切日期吗？?

146.?please?check?the?date.?请核实一下日期。?

147.?what?were?you?doing?this?time?last?year??去年这时候你在干什么？?

148.?how?long?will?the?sale?last??折价销售多久？?

149.?only?three?days.?仅三天。?

150.?i'll?be?back?in?5?days.?我五天之后回来。?

第二册

一、About?Visits?关于拜访?

151.?hello.?can?i?see?mr.?green??你好，我能见格林先生吗？?

152.?do?you?have?an?appointment??你有预约吗？?

153.?sorry,?i?don't.?对不起，我没有。?

154.?yes.?at?3?pm.?是的，约的是下午3点。?

155.?sorry,?mr.?green?can't?see?you?now.?对不起，格林先生现在不能见您。?

156.?he's?on?the?phone.?他在打电话。?

157.?would?you?wait?here?for?a?minute??您能在这里等一下吗？?

158.?would?you?like?something?to?drink??您想喝点什么吗？?

159.?tea,?please.?我喝点茶吧。?

160.?mr.?green,?mr.?smith?is?here.?格林先生，史密斯先生在这里。?

161.?you?may?go?in?now.?您可以进去了。?

162.?nice?to?see?you,?my?old?friend.?真高兴见到你，我的老朋友。?

163.?how?have?you?been?these?years??这些年你怎么样？?

164.?you've?changed?little.?你一点也没变。?

165.?do?you?still?remember?that?christmas??你仍记得那个圣诞节吗？?

二、About?Language?关于语言?

166.?do?you?speak?english??你会说英语吗？?

167.?yes,?a?little.?会讲一点。?

168.?how?long?have?you?studied?english??你学英语多久了？?

169.?he?speaks?english?fluently.?他讲英语很流利。?

170.?your?english?is?very?good.?你的英语很好。?

171.?you?speak?english?pretty?well.?你的英语讲的很好。?

172.?are?you?a?native?speaker?of?english??你的母语是英语吗？?

173.?my?native?language?is?chinese.?我的母语是汉语。?

174.?he?speaks?with?london?accent.?他带点伦敦口音。?

175.?he?has?a?strong?accent.?他口音很重。?

176.?i?have?some?difficulty?in?expressing?myself.?我表达起来有点困难。?

177.?i'm?always?confused?with?"s"?and?"th".?我常把s和th搞混。?

178.?can?you?write?in?english??你能用英文写文章吗？?

179.?your?pronunciation?is?excellent.?你的发音很好。?

180.?how?can?i?improve?my?spoken?english??我该怎样才能提高口语水平？?

三、Talking?About?Activities?谈论活动?

181.?what?are?you?doing??你在干什么？?

182.?i'm?reading?a?book.?我在看书。?

183.?i'm?cooking.?我在做饭。?

184.?are?you?watching?tv?now??你在看电视吗？?

185.?yes,?i'm?watching?channel?5.?是的，我在看5频道。?

186.?no,?i'm?listening?to?the?radio.?没有，我在听收音机。?

187.?where?are?you?going??你去哪儿？?

188.?i'm?going?to?work.?我去上班。?

189.?who?are?you?writing?to??你在给谁写信？?

190.?i'm?writing?to?an?old?friend.?给一个老朋友。?

191.?what?will?you?do?this?weekend??这周末你将干什么？?

192.?i'll?go?to?a?concert.?我要去听音乐会。?

193.?i'll?go?on?an?outing?with?some?friends.?我与朋友去郊游。?

194.?do?you?like?traveling??你喜欢郊游吗？?

195.?yes,?i?like?it?a?great?deal/it?very?much.?是的，我很喜欢。?

四、?About?Age?关于年龄?

196.?how?old?are?you??你多大了？?

197.?i'm?twenty-two?(years?old).?我二十二了。?

198.?mr.?smith?is?still?in?his?forties.?史密斯先生才四十几岁。?

199.?i'm?two?years?younger?than?my?sister.?我比我姐小两岁。?

200.?my?elder?sister?is?one?year?older?than?her?husband.?我姐比他丈夫大一岁。?

201.?he's?the?youngest?in?the?family.?他是一家中最小的。?

202.?he?looks?much?younger?than?he?is.?他看起来比他实际上年轻得多。?

203.?i?came?here?when?i?was?20.?我二十岁来这儿。?

204.?i?started?school?at?the?age?of?6.?我六岁开始上学。?

205.?my?father?is?over?60?years?old.?我父亲已年过六十了。?

206.?most?of?them?are?less?than?30.?他们中大多数不到30岁。?

207.?i?guess?he's?about?30.?我猜他大概30岁。?

208.?she's?going?to?be?15?next?month.?下个月她就满15了。?

209.?they'll?have?a?party?for?their?10th?wedding?anniversary.?

他们将为结婚十周年开个晚会。?

210.?he's?still?a?boy?after?all.?他毕竟还只是个孩子。?

五、?Talking?About?Daily?Activities?谈论日常生活?

211.?when?do?you?get?up?everyday??每天你几点起床？?

212.?i?usually?get?up?at?8?o'clock.?我通常8点起床。?

213.?where?do?you?have?your?lunch??你在哪儿吃午饭？?

214.?i?have?my?lunch?in?a?snack?bar?nearby.?我在附近一家快餐店吃午饭。?

215.?what?did?you?have?for?lunch??你中午吃些什么？?

216.?i?had?a?hamburger?and?a?fried?chicken?leg??我吃一个汉堡包，一个炸鸡腿。?

217.?what?time?do?you?start?work??你什么时候开始工作？?

218.?i?start?work?at?8?o'clock.?我八点开始工作。?

219.?what?do?you?do?at?work??你上班干些什么？?

220.?i?answer?telephones?and?do?some?typing.?我接电话和打字。?

221.?what?time?do?you?finish?your?work??你什么时候下班？?

222.?at?6?o'clock?sharp.?6点。?

223.?what?do?you?do?in?your?spare?time??闲暇时，你干些什么？?

224.?i?like?listening?to?pop?music.?我喜欢听流行音乐。?

225.?i?like?playing?football.?我喜欢踢足球。?

六、?Talking?About?Yesterday?谈论昨天的事?

226.?when?did?you?get?up?yesterday?morning??你昨天早上几点起床？?

227.?at?about?seven.?七点左右。?

228.?i?heard?the?clock,?but?i?didn't?get?up?until?9.?我听见闹钟了，但我捱到九点才起。?

229.?i?woke?up?seven?and?got?up?right?away.?我七点醒了，然后马上起床了。?

230.?i?hurried?to?my?office.?我匆忙赶到办公室。?

231.?i?had?my?breakfast?on?the?way.?我在路上吃的早饭。?

232.?i?was?just?on?time.?我刚好赶上。?

233.?i?was?10?minutes?late.?我迟到了五分钟。?

234.?i?had?lunch?with?a?friend?of?mine.?我和我的一个朋友一块吃了午饭。?

235.?i?finished?my?work?at?6?p.m.?下午6点我下班了。?

236.?i?stayed?and?did?some?extra?work.?我留下加了一会儿班。?

237.?the?tv?programs?were?really?boring,?so?i?went?to?bed?very?early.?

电视节目很无聊，所以我早早睡了。?

238.?i?read?a?magazine?in?bed.?我躺在床上看杂志。?

239.?i?didn't?sleep?well.?我没睡好。?

240.?i?slept?soundly?all?night.?我整夜睡的很熟。?

七、?Talking?With?Friends?与朋友聊天?

241.?hi,?joe,?is?it?really?you??乔，你好，真是你吗？?

242.?hi,?ann.?nice?to?see?you?again.?安，你好。真高兴再次见到你。?

243.?it's?been?a?whole?year?since?i?last?saw?you.?我整整一年没见你了。?

244.?yes,?but?you?look?as?pretty?now,?as?you?did?then.?但你看起来还是那么漂亮。?

245.?oh,?thank?you.?how?have?you?been?these?days??欧，谢谢。这段时间你好吗？?

246.?not?too?bad.?不太糟。?

247.?but?you?sound?so?sad.?但听起来你很悲伤。?

248.?yes,?i?lost?my?pet?cat?yesterday.?是啊，昨天我的宠物猫丢了。?

249.?oh,?i'm?sorry?to?hear?that.?听到这消息我很遗憾。?

250.?that's?all?right.?没事儿。?

251.?have?you?seen?kate?lately??最近你看见凯特了吗？?

252.?no,?i?have?no?contact?with?her.?没有。我和她没有一点儿联系。?

253.?i?heard?she?got?married?last?week.?我听说她上星期结婚了。?

254.?oh,?how?nice.?sorry,?i've?got?to?go?now.?那真好。对不起，我必须得走了。?

255.?so?do?i.?see?you?later.?keep?in?touch.?我也是，再见。记得联系哦。?

八、?Talking?About?The?Past?谈论过去?

256.?i?used?to?take?a?walk?in?the?early?morning.?我过去常一大早出去散步。?

257.?he?used?to?live?in?my?neighborhood.?他曾与我是邻居。?

258.?did?you?use?to?go?fishing?with?friends??过去你常和朋友钓鱼吗？?

259.?we?have?known?each?other?for?6?years.?我们认识有六年了。?

260.?it?has?been?a?long?time?since?last?came?here.?自从我上次来这里已经有很长时间了。?

261.?have?you?seen?mr.?smith?recently??最近你见过史密斯先生吗？?

262.?they've?been?working?on?this?project?since?last?year.?

他们从去年开始一直都在做这个项目。?

263.?i've?been?watching?tv?all?night.?我看了一整晚的电视。?

264.?the?movie?began?as?soon?as?we?got?there.?我们一到那儿电影就开始了。?

265.?when?i?arrived?at?the?station,?the?train?had?already?left.?我到车站时，火车已经开了。?

266.?the?late?arrival?of?the?ship?had?messed?up?all?our?plans.?

船到晚了，把我们的计划全打乱了。?

267.?i?had?thought?he?knew?the?time?of?the?meeting.?我原以为他知道开会时间。?

268.?they?had?excepted?me?to?go?with?them.?他们原本希望我和他们一起去。?

269.?that?was?the?third?time?that?i?had?visited?the?place.?那是我第三次参观那地方了。?

270.?after?i?had?finished?my?paper,?i?put?it?in?the?drawer.?我写完论文，就把它放在抽屉了。?

九、?Asking?About?The?Address?询问地址?

271.?hi,?jack,?where?do?you?live?now??你好，杰克，你现在住哪儿？?

272.?i?live?at?203?curzon?street.?我住在可胜街203号。?

273.?curzon?street??isn't?mary?living?there??可胜街？玛丽不是也住那儿吗？?

274.?yes,?she?lives?just?across?the?street.?是的，她就住在街对面。?

275.?how?long?have?you?stayed?there??你在那儿住多久了？?

276.?just?a?few?months.?才几个月。?

277.?how?about?mary??how?long?has?she?lived?there??玛丽怎么样？她在那儿住多久了？?

278.?she's?been?living?there?since?her?birth.?她生下来就住那儿。?

279.?will?you?stay?there?for?long??你会在那儿待很长时间吗？?

280.?no,?i'll?move?to?hollywood?next?month.?不，我下个月搬到好莱坞去。?

281.?oh,?really??i'm?moving?there?too.?真的？我也会搬到那儿去。?

282.?great.?then?we?can?drink?beer?together.?棒极了，我们可以一起喝啤酒了。?

283.?yes,?and?you?may?stay?there?longer.?对，而且你也许会在那儿住久一些。?

284.?i?hope?so.?希望如此。?

285.?i'm?sure?we'll?have?a?good?time.?我相信我们会很开心的。?

十、?Asking?Questions?提问题?

286.?where?are?you?going??你去哪儿？?

287.?where?did?you?go?for?dinner?yesterday??你们昨天去哪儿吃的饭？?

288.?when?will?he?come?to?see?you??他什么时候来看你？?

289.?when?did?you?buy?the?car??你什么时候买的车？?

290.?who?told?you??谁告诉你的？?

291.?who?will?accompany?you?to?the?airport??谁将陪你去机场？?

292.?why?don't?you?agree??你为什么不同意？?

293.?why?not?go?out?for?a?walk??干吗不出去散步？?

294.?how?did?you?doing?spend?your?holiday??你假期怎么过的？?

295.?how?are?you?doing?these?days??这些日子你怎么样？?

296.?what?did?he?say?in?the?letter??他在信里说什么了？?

297.?what?are?you?going?to?do?with?the?books??你打算拿这些书怎么办？?

298.?what?were?you?doing?when?i?called??我打电话给你时你在干吗？?

299.?i?was?about?to?leave.?我正要出门。?

300.?can?you?guess?what?i?was?doing?this?morning??你能猜到今天上午我在做什么吗？?

第三册

一、?Measuring?And?Comparing?形容物品、度量、比较?

301.?what's?the?height?of?the?building??这座楼有多高？?

302.?how?much?does?the?elephant?weight??这个大象有多重？?

303.?what's?the?color?of?your?new?dress??你的新衣服是什么颜色的？?

304.?what's?the?size?of?your?shoes??你的鞋多大尺寸？?

305.?my?brother?is?twice?as?tall?as?your?sister.?我弟弟比你妹妹高一倍。?

306.?my?grandma?is?40?years?older?than?me.?我祖母比我大40岁。?

307.?this?river?is?one?third?as?long?as?that?river.?这条河只有那条河的三分之一长。?

308.?what's?the?shape?of?your?balloon??你的气球是什么形状？?

309.?how?wide?is?this?bridge??这座桥有多宽？?

310.?how?thick?is?the?ice?here??这儿的冰有多厚？?

311.?this?metal?is?harder?than?that?one.?这种金属比那种硬。?

312.?he?can?run?as?fast?as?jim.?他跑的和吉姆一样快。?

313.?kate?is?smarter?than?i.?凯特比我聪明。?

314.?how?long?do?you?watch?tv?every?day??你每天看多长时间电视？?

315.?how?often?do?you?go?swimming??你多久去游一次泳？?

二、?Asking?For?Help?寻求帮助?

316.?would?you?please?open?the?door?for?me??请你帮忙开个门好吗？?

317.?may?i?ask?you?a?question??我能问你个问题吗？?

318.?please?give?me?a?hand.?请帮我个忙。?

319.?could?you?do?me?a?favor??能请你帮个忙吗？?

320.?would?you?help?me?remove?the?refrigerator??能帮忙移一下冰箱吗？?

321.?get?me?my?coat,?please.?请帮我拿下外套。?

322.?make?me?a?cup?of?coffee,?will?you??给我冲杯咖啡，好吗？?

323.?call?me?tomorrow?if?you?have?time.?明天要有时间就给我打个电话。?

324.?could?you?tell?me?where?i?can?find?these?books??您能告诉我在哪儿能找到这些书吗？?

325.?certainly.?当然了。?

326.?witch?pleasure.?很高兴。?

327.?i'm?sorry.?i'm?engaged?now.?对不起，我现在正忙着。?

328.?i'm?glad?to,?but?i'm?afraid?i?don't?have?the?time.?我很乐意，但我恐怕没时间。?

329.?would?you?mind?closing?the?window?for?me??能帮我关一下窗户吗？（你介意关下窗户吗？）?

330.?not?at?all.?当然可以。（当然不介意）?

三、?Asking?Directions?打听情况和问路?

331.?excuse?me,?madam.?could?you?tell?me?where?the?post?office?is??

对不起，女士，请问邮局在哪里？?

332.?it's?just?around?the?corner.?转弯就是。?

333.?excuse?me,?how?can?i?get?to?the?bus?station??对不起，汽车站怎么走？?

334.?you?can?take?the?bus?and?get?off?at?the?second?stop.?

你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。?

335.?excuse?me.?where?is?no.5?street??对不起，第五大街在哪儿？?

336.?go?straight?ahead?and?turn?left?at?the?second?crossing.?

一直往前走，在第二个十字路口往左拐。?

337.?excuse?me.?can?you?tell?me?how?to?get?to?mr.?hu's?restaurant??

对不起，你能告诉我怎么去胡先生的餐馆吗？?

338.?go?on?for?about?100?meters.?it's?on?your?left?side.?you?can't?miss?it.?

往前走约100米，在你左手边，你不会错过的。?

339.?which?one?is?mr.?jame's?office??哪间是詹姆司先生的办公室？?

340.?it's?room?201?on?the?second?floor.?二楼201房间。?

341.?can?i?use?the?lift??我能用电梯吗？?

342.?sorry,?it's?broken.?you?have?to?use?the?stairs.?对不起，它坏了，你只能走楼梯了。?

343.?where?are?the?stairs??楼梯在哪里呢？?

344.?go?along?the?corridor?and?it's?on?your?right?side.?沿着走廊走，在你右手边。?

345.?thank?you?for?directions.?感谢你为我指路。?

四、?About?Marriage?关于婚姻?

346.?are?you?married??你结婚了吗？?

347.?i'm?single.?我现在单身。?

348.?you?have?a?younger?brother,?don't?you??你有个弟弟，是吗？?

349.?how?is?your?family??你的家人怎么样？?

350.?she's?engaged/married?to?john.?她和约翰订婚/结婚了。?

351.?how?long?have?you?been?married??你们结婚多久了？?

352.?we've?been?married?for?2?years.?我们结婚两年了。?

353.?my?parents?got?married?in?1954.?我父母1954年结婚的。?

354.?mary?gave?birth?to?a?baby?last?week.?玛丽上星期做妈妈了。?

355.?they've?been?divorced.?他们已离婚了。?

356.?his?wife?died?a?year?ago.?now?he?lives?alone.?他妻子去年去世了。现在他一个人住。?

357.?my?aunt?will?come?to?live?with?me?for?some?days.?我阿姨会来和我住一些日子。?

358.?john?has?his?own?family?now.?约翰现在有自己的家了。?

359.?do?you?live?with?your?parents??你和你父母住一起吗？?

360.?no.?i?live?in?my?own?house.?不，我住在自己的房子里。?

五、?Talking?About?Neighbors?And?Friends?谈论邻居和朋友?

361.?do?you?know?mary??你认识玛丽吗？?

362.?sure.?we?are?friends?since?primary?school.?当然，我们从小学就是朋友了。?

363.?really??i?was?introduced?to?her?just?last?weekend.?真的？上周末我才被介绍给她。?

364.?what?is?she?doing?now??她现在干些什么呢？?

365.?she?told?me?she?wanted?to?start?a?company.?她告诉我她想开公司。?

366.?start?a?company??but?i?thought?she?would?be?a?scholar.?

开公司？我原以为她会成为一个学者?

367.?people?are?always?changing,?aren't?they??人总是在变，不是吗？?

368.?yes,?you're?right.?after?all,?she?is?smart?enough?to?go?into?business.?

是啊，你说的对。毕竟，她完全有经商才智。?

369.?but?she?doesn't?have?much?experience.?但她没有太多经验。?

370.?you?two?don't?have?much?contact？?你们俩没怎么联系吗？?

371.?no,?i?only?wrote?her?one?letter?this?year.?是的，今年我才给她写过一封信。?

372.?and?she??她呢？?

373.?she?sent?me?a?christmas?card?last?year.?去年寄过一张圣诞卡。?

374.?oh,?that's?not?good.?哦，那可不好。?

375.?yes,?we?should?try?to?contact?more.?是的，我们应该联系多点。?

?

??六、?Planning?The?Future?计划将来?

376.?what?time?are?you?going?to?leave?for?the?airport?tomorrow??

你明天打算什么时候去机场？?

377.?is?he?coming?to?dinner??他回来吃饭吗？?

378.?i'm?going?to?the?bookstore.?will?you?go?with?me??我要去书店，你和我去吗？?

379.?they're?going?to?discuss?it?at?the?meeting?next?friday.?

他们将在下周五的会上讨论这个问题。?

380.?i'll?be?waiting?for?you?at?the?restaurant?this?time?tomorrow.?

我明天这时候在餐馆等你。?

381.?after?i?get?home,?i'll?call?you.?到家以后，我会给你打电话。?

382.?how?will?you?spend?the?evening??你晚上干什么？?

383.?i'll?probably?stay?home?and?watch?tv.?我可能会呆在家看电视。?

384.?what's?your?plan?for?the?summer?holiday??暑假计划干什么？?

385.?i'm?thinking?about?a?visit?to?paris.?我在考虑去巴黎旅游。?

386.?there's?going?to?be?a?pottery?exhibition?at?the?art?gallery.?

艺术馆将有一次陶瓷展。?

387.?you?are?still?thinking?about?a?ph.d.,?aren't?you??

你还是想学成博士，是吗？?

388.?what?will?you?do?about?it??你会拿这事怎么办？?

389.?what?do?you?want?to?do?after?graduation??你毕业后想干什么？?

390.?i'll?further?my?study.?我想继续深造。?

七、?Talking?About?The?Weather?谈论天气?

391.?have?you?heard?the?weather?forecast??你听天气预报了吗？?

392.?no,?what?does?it?say??没有，它说什么了？?

393.?we'll?have?fine?weather?for?the?next?few?days??以后几天天气晴朗。?

394.?but?it's?still?raining?today!?可今天还在下雨。?

395.?it?is?said?it?will?clear?up?tonight.?天气预报说今晚雨就会停。?

396.?what?will?it?be?after?the?clear?weather??晴天以后天气会怎么样？?

397.?it?says?a?storm?may?come?next?month.?天气预报说下个月会有一场暴风雨。?

398.?and?it?may?get?colder,?it's?already?november.?并且天气会更冷。?

399.?yes,?and?i?hope?we?can?have?some?snow?this?winter.?是的，我希望今年冬天会下雪。?

400.?i'm?afraid?it?won't?be?cold?enough?for?a?snowfall.?我恐怕天不会冷的下雪。?

401.?but?last?year?we?had?a?big?one.?但去年下了大雪。?

402.?yes,?but?you?know?global?warming?may?raise?the?temperature.?

是的，但全球变暖会使气温上升。?

403.?you?are?probably?right.?你也许是对的。?

404.?i'm?going?skating?in?the?alps?next?month.?下个月我去阿尔卑斯山滑雪。?

405.?i?hope?the?weather?there?is?cold?enough.?我希望那儿天气够冷。?

八、?About?Sickness?关于生病?

406.?how?are?you?feeling?today??你今天感觉怎么样？?

407.?i?don't?feel?very?well.?我觉得不太舒服。?

408.?do?you?fell?better?now??你现在觉得好点了吗？?

409.?much?better.?好多了。?

410.?i'm?sick.?我病了。?

411.?he's?got?a?bad?headache.?他头痛的厉害。?

412.?my?fever?is?gone.?我的烧已经退了。?

413.?what's?the?matter?with?you??你怎么啦？?

414.?i've?got?a?pain?in?my?back.?我背疼。?

415.?it?really?hurts.?可真疼。?

416.?it?hurts?right?here.?就这儿疼。?

417.?it's?bleeding.?you'd?better?see?a?doctor?about?that?cut.?

在流血呢，你最好找个医生看看这伤口。?

418.?call?the?doctor!?快打电话叫医生！?

419.?take?two?pills?and?have?a?good?rest.?吃两片药，好好休息一下。?

420.?i?hope?you'll?be?well?soon.?祝你早日恢复健康。?

九、?Talking?About?Habits?谈论日常生活习惯?

421.?i?get?up?at?8?every?morning.?每天早上我8点起床。?

422.?i?then?take?a?bath?in?the?bathroom.?然后我去洗澡间洗个澡。?

423.?i?shave,?brush?my?teeth,?and?comb?my?hair.?我洗脸，刷牙，梳头。?

424.?i?put?on?a?bit?of?makeup.?我化一点妆。?

425.?i?cooked?breakfast?for?the?family.?我为一家人做早餐。?

426.?i?go?downstairs?and?have?my?breakfast.?我下楼吃早饭。?

427.?i?read?the?newspaper?over?breakfast.?我边吃早饭边看报纸。?

428.?i?wake?my?sister?up.?我叫醒我妹妹。?

429.?i?dress?my?sister?and?wash?her?hands?and?face.?

我给我妹妹穿衣服，洗脸洗手。?

430.?i?get?to?my?office?at?10:30.?十点半到办公室。?

431.?i?leave?the?office?at?7.?我七点离开办公室。?

433.?i?buy?some?food?on?my?way?home.?我回家路上买些吃的。?

434.?i?pick?up?my?sister?from?her?school.?我到学校接妹妹。?

435.?we?go?to?bed?at?10:30.?我们十点半睡觉。?

十、?Asking?For?Other's?Opinions?询问别人的意见。?

436.?what?do?you?think?about?it??你对此怎么看？?

437.?is?that?right??那样对吗？?

438.?absolutely?right.?绝对正确。?

439.?i?think?you're?mistaken?about?that.?我想你那样不对。?

440.?is?that?ok??这样行吗？?

441.?that's?ok/fine.?挺好的。?

442.?that's?excellent.?那太棒了。?

443.?he?was?absent?yesterday.?do?you?know?why??昨天他没到，你知道为什么吗？?

444.?do?you?have?any?idea??你怎么想？?

445.?i?suppose?he?was?sick.?我猜他大概是病了。?

446.?will?it?rain?tomorrow??明天会下雨吗？?

447.?no,?i?don't?think?so.?不，我想不会。?

448.?do?you?really?want?to?know?what?i?think??你真想知道我怎么想吗？?

449.?please?give?me?your?advice.?请给我提些建议。?

450.?i?want?to?hear?your?opinion.?我想听听你们想法。?

第四册?

一、Making?Plans?订计划?

451.?what?do?you?plan?to?do?this?friday??明天你打算干什么？?

452.?what?are?you?doing?next?week??下周你干什么？?

453.?i?plan?to?go?to?the?concert.?我打算去听音乐会。?

454.?i'm?thinking?of?going?to?my?grandma's.?我想去外婆家。?

455.?i'll?go?skiing?of?the?weather?permits.?天气允许的话，我会去滑雪。?

456.?i?suppose?i?can?finish?the?project?next?year.?我想我明年完成此工程。?

457.?i?have?no?idea.?我不知道。?

458.?it's?up?to?you.?由你决定。?

459.?i'm?considering?buying?a?house.?我想买套房子。?

460.?hi,?jack,?what?lessons?will?you?take?this?semester??你好，杰克，这学期你选什么课？?

461.?hi,?lucy.?i'll?take?french?and?economics.?你好，露西，我想选法语和经济。?

462.?i'm?taking?chinese?and?history.?我将选中文和历史。?

463.?do?you?plan?to?do?some?odd?jobs??你打算打工吗？?

464.?yes,?i'm?applying?to?work?at?the?library.?是的，我在申请图书馆管理员的工作。?

465.?good?luck!?祝你好运。?

二、?About?Decisions?关于决定?

466.?it's?up?to?you.?由你决定。?

467.?you?have?the?final?say.?你说了算。?

468.?she?insists?that?it?doesn't?matter.?她坚持说那没关系。?

469.?he's?made?up?his?mind?to?quit?his?job.?他已决定辞去他的工作。?

470.?i've?decided?not?to?sell?the?house.?我决定不卖房子了。?

471.?i'm?determined?to?leave.?我决意要走了。?

472.?have?you?decided??你决定了吗？?

473.?no,?i?haven't?decided?yet.?不，还没有。?

474.?i've?changed?my?mind.?我改注意了。?

475.?it's?still?undecided.?还没决定。?

476.?don't?hesitate?any?more.?别在犹豫了。?

477.?give?me?a?definite?answer,?please.?请给个明确的答复。?

478.?it's?really?hard?to?make?a?decision.?挺难做决定的。?

479.?i'm?always?making?resolutions,?like?giving?up?smoking.?我总在做出决定，比如戒烟。?

450.?don't?shilly-shally.?别犹豫不决。?

三、?Traveling?旅游?

481.?do?you?like?traveling??你喜欢旅游吗？?

482.?yes,?i've?just?come?back?from?scotland.?是的，我刚从苏格兰回来。?

483.?how?did?you?get?there??你怎么去的？?

484.?i?got?there?by?plane.?我坐飞机去的。?

485.?where?did?you?visit??你去参观了哪些地方？?

486.?i?only?had?time?to?visit?edinburgh.?我只有时间去爱丁堡。?

487.?how?did?you?like?it??你喜欢那儿吗？?

488.?it's?fantastic.?那儿棒极了。?

489.?why?did?you?go?there??你为什么去那儿？?

490.?i?went?there?on?business.?我出差到那儿。?

491.?and?do?you?have?friends?there??你在那儿有朋友吗？?

492.?yes,?a?lot?of?friends.?是的，很多。?

493.?you?must?have?enjoyed?yourself.?你一定玩的很开心。?

494.?yes,?and?i?took?many?pictures.?是的，我还照了好多照片。?

495.?please?let?me?see?them.?让我看看。?

四、?About?Shopping?关于购物?

496.?will?you?go?shopping?with?me??你跟我去买东西吗？?

497.?here's?your?change.?这是找你的钱。?

498.?i'll?go?to?pick?up?some?odds?and?ends?at?the?store.?我要到商店买些零碎的东西。?

499.?excuse?me,?would?you?tell?me?where?i?can?get?some?butter??

打扰一下，您能告诉我黄油在哪儿卖吗？?

500.?may?i?have?a?look?at?the?watch??我能看看这块表吗？?

501.?may?i?try?it?on??我能试试吗？?

502.?this?is?too?small?for?me.?do?you?have?a?bigger?one??这个太小了，有大点的吗？?

503.?do?you?have?any?more?colors??有别的颜色吗？?

504.?what's?your?size??你穿多大号？?

505.?it?suits?you?to?a?t.?特别适合你。?

506.?it's?too?expensive?for?me.?对于我来说太贵了。?

507.?can?you?came?down?a?bit??可以再便宜点吗？?

508.?i'll?take?it.?我买了。?

509.?how?much?is?it??这卖多少钱？?

510.?how?much?do?i?owe?you??我该付多少钱？?

五、?In?The?Restaurant?餐馆进餐?

511.?what?would?you?like?to?eat??你想吃点什么？?

512.?are?you?ready?to?order??你要点菜了吗？?

513.?i'd?like?some?steak?and?bread.?我要牛排和面包。?

514.?what?would?you?like?for?dessert??你要什么甜点？?

515.?i'll?have?some?ice?cream.?我要冰淇淋。?

516.?do?you?want?some?fruit??你要水果吗？?

517.?yes,?please.?i?want?an?apple.?是的，我要一个苹果。?

518.?anything?to?drink??喝点什么？?

519.?a?small?glass?of?whisky,?please.?请来一小杯威士忌。?

520.?here?is?your?food.?你的菜来了。?

521.?bring?me?the?bill?please.?请买单。?

522.?can?i?pay?by?check?or?credit?card??我能用支票或信用卡吗？?

523.?sorry,?we?only?take?cash.?对不起，我们只收现金。?

524.?here?you?are.?给。?

525.?here?is?your?change.?找您的钱。?

六、?About?Evening?Entertainment?关于夜生活?

526.?i'm?free?tonight.?我今晚有空。?

527.?shall?we?go?to?the?cinema??我们去看电影好吗？?

528.?do?you?know?what's?on?tonight??你知道今天上演什么？?

529.?may?i?ask?you?for?a?dance??可以请你跳支舞吗？?

530.?with?pleasure.?很荣幸。?

531.?sorry,?i'm?engaged.?对不起，我有约在先了。?

532.?what?about?another?dance??再跳一曲好吗？?

533.?you're?a?good?dancer.?你舞跳的真好。?

534.?what's?on?channel?8?now??现在8频道播什么节目？?

535.?i?don't?know.?you?may?look?in?the?tv?guide.?我不知道，你可以看看《电视报》。?

536.?let's?see?what?else?is?on.?咱们看看有没有别的节目。?

537.?did?you?see?the?special?last?night??昨晚你看特别节目了吗？?

538.?i?don't?want?to?see?any?more?of?this?tv?show.?我不想再看这个电视节目了。?

539.?can?we?change?the?channel??能换个频道吗？?

540.?i?want?to?see?the?weather.?我想看天气预报。?

七、?Appointments?约会?

541.?i'd?like?to?make?an?appointment?with?mrs.?green.?我想约个时间见格林女士。?

542.?she's?free?on?friday?and?saturday.?她周五和周六有空。?

543.?sorry,?can?i?see?her?before?friday??对不起，我能周五之前见她吗？?

544.?let?me?see.?she?has?30?minutes?tuesday?afternoon.?让我查查，她周二下午有30分钟。?

545.?at?what?time??什么时间？?

546.?from?4?to?4:30.?四点到四点半。?

547.?all?right.?好吧。?

548.?so?you'll?come?then.?please?phone?in?if?you?can't?make?it.?

那么你就那时来，如果来不了，请打电话给我。?

549.?i?have?an?interview?this?afternoon.?我今天下午有面试。?

550.?i?can?come?any?time?except?sunday.?除星期天外我都能来。?

551.?you?can?reach?me?at?6609823.?你打电话6609823就能找到我。?

552.?he?phoned?to?cancel?the?meeting.?他打电话来取消会议。?

553.?please?call?me?before?you?come.?你来之前请打电话。?

554.?please?make?an?appointment?with?my?secretary.?请跟我秘书定个见面时间。?

555.?i?have?to?change?my?appointment?from?monday?to?thursday.?

我不得不把约会从周一改到周四。?

八、?Seeing?A?Doctor?看医生?

556.?what's?your?trouble??你有什么不舒服？?

557.?how?long?have?you?had?it??你得这病多久了？?

558.?i?should?say?you've?caught?a?cold.?我看你感冒了。?

559.?you?need?an?injection.?你需要打针。?

560.?is?it?serious??我的病严重吗？?

561.?do?i?need?to?be?hospitalized??我需要住院吗？?

562.?have?you?seen?the?doctor??你看过医生了吗？?

563.?what?did?the?doctor?say??医生怎么说？?

564.?jack?is?up?and?about?now.?杰克病后复原了。?

565.?the?doctor?says?that?i?should?take?quinine.?医生说我应该服用奎宁。?

566.?what?sort?of?medicine?do?you?take??你吃的是什么药？?

567.?the?doctor?says?that?i?should?not?eat?anything?oily.?医生说我不能吃油腻的东西。?

568.?i?had?a?shot?of?penicillin.?我打了一针青霉素。?

569.?you?have?to?be?operated?on.?你得做手术。?

570.?he?gave?me?a?chest?x-ray?and?took?my?blood?pressure.?

他给我做了X光胸透并量了血压。?

九、?Making?A?Phonecall?打电话?

571.?hello.?may?i?speak?to?mr.?green??你好，我找格林先生。?

572.?just?a?moment.?等一会儿。?

573.?hold?on.?等一会儿。?

574.?he's?not?in.?may?i?take?a?message?for?him??他不在，我能替他捎个口信吗？?

575.?yes,?please.?是的，麻烦了。?

576.?would?you?answer?the?phone?please??你能接下电话吗？?

577.?i?want?to?make?a?long?distance?call.?我想打个长途电话。?

578.?this?is?mary?speaking.?我是玛丽。?

579.?would?you?tell?mr.?green?that?i?called??你能告诉格林先生我给他打了个电话吗？?

580.?i?must?have?dialed?a?wrong?number.?我一定拨错号了。?

581.?i?couldn't?get?through.?我打不通。?

582.?i?have?to?hang?up?now.?我得挂电话了。?

583.?would?you?call?back?tomorrow??你能明天回个电话吗？?

584.?there's?something?wrong?with?the?phone.?电话出了点儿毛病。?

585.?i?tried?to?call?you,?but?the?line?was?busy.?我试着给你打电话，但老占线。?

十、?About?Mail?关于邮政?

586.?i?have?received?a?letter?from?my?cousin.?我收到了我表兄的信。?

587.?i?haven't?heard?from?him?for?a?long?time.?我很久没有收到他的信了。?

588.?send?a?postcard?to?me?when?you?arrive?in?shanghai.?你到上海以后给我发张明信片。?

589.?i?put?some?photographs?in?the?envelope.?我在信里夹了几张照片。?

590.?he?hasn't?answered?my?letter?yet.?他还没有给我回信。?

591.?my?mother?mailed?me?a?parcel.?我妈给我寄了一个包裹。?

592.?we?keep?in?touch?with?each?other?by?email?since?he?left?china.?

他离开中国以后，我们用Email保持联系。?

593.?don't?forget?to?put?stamps?on?your?letter.?别忘了贴邮票。?

594.?how?long?does?it?take?for?a?letter?to?get?to?america?from?beijing??

信从北京到美国要多久？?

595.?you've?got?an?express?mail.?你有特快专递。?

596.?to?make?it?fast,?you?can?send?a?fax.?要想快点的话就发个传真。?

597.?my?mother?has?sent?me?a?registered?letter,?i?guess?she?has?something?important?to?tell?me.?

我妈给我发了一封挂号信，我想她有什么重要的事情要说。?

598.?i?find?my?name?on?the?blackboard.?i?must?have?got?a?remittance.?

我在黑板上看到我的名字，肯定有我的汇款。?

599.?do?you?want?to?airmail?it?or?not??你想发航空信吗？?

600.?i?drop?the?letter?into?the?mailbox?in?front?of?the?post?office.?

我把信塞进邮局前面的邮筒里。?

第五册?

一、?Talking?About?Feelings?叙述感受?

601.?you?look?radiant?tonight.?你今晚真是光彩照人。?

602.?it?was?a?terrible?experience.?那是一次可怕的经历。?

603.?i?am?on?top?of?the?world.?我高兴到了极点。?

604.?the?dinner?was?wonderful.?晚餐棒极了。?

605.?the?christmas?tree?is?gorgeous.?圣诞树真华美。?

606.?what?a?boring?movie?it?is!?多么无聊的一场电影啊。?

607.?how?can?he?give?us?such?a?tedious?lecture!?他怎么能做这么沉闷乏味的演讲。?

608.?how?fragrant?the?flowers?are!?这些花真香！?

609.?the?party?is?making?too?much?noise.?这次聚会太吵了。?

610.?you?look?elegant?in?that?dress.?你穿这条裙子显的很漂亮。?

611.?the?coat?doesn't?suit?you.?这件外衣不太适合你。?

612.?his?flattery?makes?me?sick.?他的恭维让我恶心。?

613.?we?had?a?good?time.?我们玩的很开心。?

614.?we?enjoyed?ourselves?very?much.?我们玩的很开心。?

615.?i?am?bored?to?death.?我无聊死了。?

二、?Looking?For?A?House?寻找住房?

616.?this?house?is?for?rent.?此房出租。?

617.?it's?really?a?bargain.?租金很便宜。?

618.?i?want?to?rent?a?furnished?house.?我想要有家具的房子。?

619.?that?house?is?for?sale.?it?has?central?heating.?此房出售，房子里有供暖设备。?

620.?what?kind?of?furniture?do?you?like??你喜欢什么样的家具？?

621.?this?is?a?rather?old?house.?it?needs?painting.?这房子挺旧的，得刷一下才行。?

622.?i?want?an?apartment?with?two?bedrooms?and?a?kitchen.?

我想要一套有两间卧室和一个厨房的公寓。?

623.?the?houses?downtown?are?very?expensive.?市区的房子很贵。?

624.?how?much?is?the?rent?for?a?month??每月租金多少？?

625.?i?feel?at?home?living?here.?the?landlady?is?very?kind?to?me.?

我觉得住在这里象在家里一样。房东太太对我很好。?

626.?we?have?a?few?kitchen?things?and?a?dining?room?set.?

我们有一些厨房用具和一套餐厅设备。?

627.?there's?no?gas?range?in?the?kitchen,?but?you?can?use?the?electric?stove.?

厨房里没有煤气灶，但你可以用电炉。?

628.?there?is?a?shower?in?the?bathroom.?浴室里有淋浴器。?

629.?i?have?a?dog,?but?it's?very?quiet.?我有一只狗，不过它很安静。?

630.?the?room?has?a?big?closet.?you?can?put?your?baggage?in?it.?

房间里有一个很大的壁橱，你可以把你的行李放进去。?

三、?Talking?About?Dressing?谈论衣着?

631.?what?will?you?wear?for?the?party??晚会上你穿什么？?

632.?i'll?wear?my?blue?dress.?我会穿我的兰色裙子。?

633.?don't?you?think?it's?too?formal??你不觉得太正式了吗？?

634.?why??what?will?you?wear??为什么？你会穿什么？?

635.?just?my?shirt?and?jeans.?我就穿衬衣和牛仔裤。?

636.?you?should?have?your?suit?cleaned?and?ironed.?你应该把你的套装拿去洗烫一下。?

637.?you'd?better?put?on?your?jacket.?it's?cold?outside.?你最好穿上夹克，外面冷。?

638.?the?blouse?no?longer?fits?me.?这件衬衣不再合我身了。?

639.?my?son?has?outgrown?these?trousers.?我儿子已经长的穿不了这条裤子了。?

640.?the?shoes?are?worn-out.?这鞋已经不能穿了。?

641.?i?don't?like?wearing?the?uniform.?我不喜欢穿制服。?

642.?do?you?want?to?change?before?the?banquet??宴会前你想换衣服吗？?

643.?your?shoe?lace?is?loose.?你的鞋带松了。?

644.?you?forgot?to?fasten?the?collar?buttons.?你忘了系鞋带。?

645.?take?off?your?hat.?it?doesn't?fit.?取下你的帽子，它不适合你。?

四、?Expressing?Different?Opinions?表达不同的观点?

646.?he?is?a?very?creative?student.?他是个很有创造力的学生。?

647.?what?you?have?said?about?this?is?very?interesting.?你说的很有意思。?

648.?i?cannot?agree?with?you?on?this?point.?在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。?

649.?you've?got?the?point.?你抓住了问题的实质。?

650.?that's?the?point.?这正是问题的关键。?

651.?the?whole?class?is?in?a?heated?discussion.?全班同学正在热烈讨论。?

652.?let's?just?run?through?the?arguments?for?and?against.?

我们来看一下赞成和反对的理由。?

653.?please?sum?up?what?you?said?just?now.?请把你刚才说的总结一下。?

654.?has?anybody?else?anything?to?say?on?this??关于这点，谁还有什么别的要说吗？?

655.?does?anybody?share?david's?opinion??有谁同意大卫的观点吗？?

656.?is?there?any?evidence?to?support?what?you?have?said??有什么证据可以支持你的说法吗？?

657.?well,?it?depends.?这得视情况而定。?

658.?i?don't?think?it's?necessary?for?us?to?discuss?this?question?any?further.?

我想我们没有必要进一步讨论这个问题。?

659.?there?are?always?two?sides?to?everything.?每件是都有两面性。?

660.?finally,?we?came?to?an?agreement.?最后我们达成了一致。?

五、?About?Things?In?The?future?考虑将来可能从事的活动?

661.?i?want?to?be?a?journalist?after?graduation.?毕业后我想当记者。?

662.?if?it?doesn't?rain?tomorrow,?we'll?have?a?picnic.?如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。?

663.?as?soon?as?he?comes,?we'll?let?him?know.?他一来，我们就告诉他。?

664.?you?can?stay?as?long?as?you?pay?the?rent?on?time.?只要你按时交房租，你就能住这儿。?

665.?when?she?leaves,?he'll?cry?for?a?day.?她走时，他会哭一天。?

666.?she?will?go?into?business?when?she?likes?to.?她想经商时就会去经商。?

667.?i'll?leave?for?london?if?i?finish?my?work?today.?如果我今天完成工作，我就会去伦敦。?

668.?i'll?work?for?5?years?and?then?go?back?to?school.?我会工作五年，然后会学校。?

669.?he?will?become?a?writer?if?he?goes?on?doing?well?in?writing.?

如果他仍写的这么好的话，他将成为一个作家。?

670.?i?hope?he?will?meet?me?at?the?airport.?我希望他能到机场接我。?

671.?i'm?thinking?of?quitting?the?job.?我在考虑辞职。?

672.?i?plan?to?learn?photography.?我打算学摄影。?

673.?what?do?you?say?we?have?a?party?this?weekend??我们周末开个派对，你觉得怎么样？?

674.?she?will?certainly?remain?single.?她肯定会保持独身。?

675.?he?will?probably?follow?in?his?father's?footsteps.?他可能会继承父业。?

?六、?Things?That?Might?Have?Happened?可能发生的事?

676.?i?would?have?had?a?much?better?holiday?if?i?had?stayed?at?home.?

我要是呆在家里的话，假期会好过的多。?

677.?what?have?you?been?doing?since?i?saw?you?last?time??

自从我上次见到你以后你都在干什么？?

678.?if?i?had?got?enough?money?yesterday,?i?would?have?bought?that?tape.?

如果我昨天钱够的话，我就买了那盒磁带了。?

679.?looking?back?on?it,?i?think?i?shouldn't?have?given?up?the?contest?so?easily.?

回过头来看，我想我不应该如此轻易的放弃那次比赛。?

680.?had?i?taken?a?taxi,?i?wouldn't?have?been?late.?如果我打的去的话就不会迟到了。?

681.?even?if?you?take?the?exam?again,?you?won't?pass?it.?

就算再考一次你也通不过。?

682.?even?if?you?had?given?him?much?more?money,?he?might?not?have?paid?off?the?debt.?

就算你给了他更多的钱，他也还不清债务。?

683.?what?would?you?have?done?if?you?hadn't?gone?out?for?a?picnic?yesterday??

如果你昨天没有出去野餐的话。你会干什么？?

684.?i?wish?i?had?told?him?the?truth.?我真希望我把真相告诉了他。?

685.?i?wish?you?hadn't?cheated?me.?我希望你没有欺骗我。?

686.?if?it?had?been?fine,?we?would?have?gone?to?the?park.?

如果天气好的话，我们就去公园了。?

687.?would?he?have?seen?you?if?you?hadn't?waved?to?him??

如果你没有朝他挥手，他能看见你吗？?

688.?you?should?have?studied?much?harder.?你本应该更努力的学习。?

689.?i?had?thought?about?arguing?with?the?teacher?about?that,?but?i?didn't?have?enough?courage.?

我本想和老师争论那个问题，但我没有足够的勇气。?

690.?i?had?thought?about?living?with?my?grandparents?when?my?parents?went?abroad?last?year.

?当我的父母去年出国的时候，我本想和我的祖父母住在一起。?

七、?Talking?About?Likes?And?Dislikes?询问喜欢和不喜欢的事?

691.?what's?your?favorite?sport??你最喜欢什么运动？?

692.?i?like?football?best.?我最喜欢足球。?

693.?football?is?my?favorite.?足球是我最喜欢的。?

694.?which?do?you?prefer,?fishing?or?mountain-climbing??钓鱼和登山，你更喜欢哪一个？?

695.?neither.?一个都不喜欢。?

696.?what?do?you?like?best,?apples,?pears,?or?bananas??苹果，梨，香蕉，你最喜欢哪个？?

697.?he's?crazy?about?michael?jordan.?他疯狂喜爱迈克·乔丹。?

698.?she?hates?boxing.?她讨厌拳击。?

699.?she?is?sick?of?watching?boxing.?她厌恶观看拳击。?

700.?she?has?good?taste?in?clothes.?她对服装很有鉴赏力。?

701.?what?do?you?like?to?do?in?your?spare?time??空闲时你喜欢干什么？?

702.?i?like?collecting?stamps.?我喜欢收集邮票。?

703.?i?prefer?tea?to?coffee.?和咖啡相比，我更喜欢茶。?

704.?what?do?you?dislike?most?about?this?movie??这部电影你最不喜欢什么？?

705.?i?would?rather?sleep?than?watch?this?movie.?我情愿睡觉也不看这部电影。?

??八、?Putting?Forward?Your?Own?Opinions?提出自己的想法。?

706.?you?should?take?the?advice?of?your?teacher.?你应该听老师的话？?

707.?that's?just?what?i?was?looking?for.?那正是我所期待的。?

708.?it?might?be,?i?suppose.?我想可能是这样。?

709.?good?try,?but?not?quite?right.?是个很好的尝试，但并不完全正确。?

710.?that's?rather?disappointing.?真是让人失望。?

711.?in?my?opinion,?your?new?coat?is?not?worth?so?much?money.?

我认为你的外套不值得这么多钱。?

712.?would?you?mind?not?spitting?everywhere??不要随地吐痰行吗？?

713.?it's?only?a?suggestion,?you?don't?have?to?take?it.?

这只是一个建议，你可以不听。?

714.?if?you?really?want?my?advice?i?don't?think?you?should?quit?school.?

如果你真想听我的意见，我想你不应该退学。?

715.?thanks?for?your?advice?but?i?have?to?consider?it?myself.?

谢谢你的建议，但我得自己想想。?

716.?he?does?not?pay?attention?to?anybody.?you?are?wasting?your?time?in?persuading?him.?

他谁的话也不听，你劝他是在浪费时间。?

717.?i?am?old?enough?to?make?up?my?own?mind.?我已经长大了，可以自己拿主意了。?

718.?your?work?seems?not?satisfactory.?你的工作看起来并不令人满意。?

719.?what?about?your?opinion??你怎么想？?

720.?i?generally?agree?with?you.?我大体上同意你的看法。?九、?asking?for?help?请别人帮忙?

721.?would?you?open?the?door?for?me,?please??你能替我开门吗？?

722.?with?pleasure.?乐意帮忙。?

723.?would?you?mind?opening?the?window??你介意开窗吗？?

724.?not?at?all.?一点儿也不。?

725.?i?wondered?if?you?could?buy?me?some?pencils??我不知道你是否能替我买铅笔？?

726.?sure.?当然。?

727.?would?you?be?so?kind?as?to?lend?me?some?money??你能借我一点儿钱吗？?

728.?no?problem.?how?much??没问题，你要多少？?

729.?i?hope?i'm?not?bothering?you.?我希望我没有打扰你。?

730.?i?hope?that?will?not?cause?you?too?much?trouble.?我希望那不会给你添太多麻烦。?

731.?i?really?appreciate?your?help.?我非常感谢你的帮助。?

732.?i?don't?want?to?put?you?to?any?trouble.?我不想麻烦你。?

733.?excuse?me,?would?you?give?me?a?hand??对不起，你能帮我个忙吗？?

734.?i'd?be?glad?to?help.?我乐意帮忙。?

735.?would?you?mind?mailing?this?letter?for?me??你能替我寄这封信吗？?

十、?Getting?Ready?For?A?Journey?准备旅行?

736.?i?have?so?many?things?to?do?before?i?leave.?我走之前还有很多事情要做。?

737.?i?have?to?drop?by?the?bank?to?get?some?money.?我得到银行去取一下钱。?

738.?traveler's?check's?are?very?convenient?for?long-distance?travel.?

旅行支票对于长途旅行很方便。?

739.?do?you?have?anything?to?declare??你有什么东西要向海关申报的吗？?

740.?you?have?to?apply?for?a?passport?in?advance.?你必须提前申请护照。?

741.?you?don't?have?to?pay?any?duty?on?personal?belongings.?个人物品不需要关税。?

742.?make?it?an?hour?and?a?half.?we?have?to?get?more?food.?

等一个半小时吧，我们还得多准备些事物。?

743.?shall?we?ask?betty?to?join?us??我们应该叫贝蒂一起去吗？?

744.?i?put?myself?entirely?in?your?hands.?我按你说的办。?

745.?can?you?tell?me?the?phone?number?of?the?inquiry?office??

您能告诉我问讯处的电话号码吗？?

746.?do?you?like?to?take?a?local?train?or?an?express??你想坐普通车还是特快？?

747.?i?have?bought?a?ticket?for?a?sleeper.?我买了张卧铺票。?

748.?have?you?reserved?your?ticket??你订票了吗？?

749.?i?would?never?have?thought?of?it?if?you?hadn't?mentioned?it.?

如果不是你提起的话，我肯定想不到。?

750.?i?will?see?you?off?at?the?railway?station.?我会去机场送你。?

??

?第六册

一、?Countries?And?Nationalities?国家和国籍

751.?where?are?you?from??你来自哪儿？

752.?what's?your?nationality??你是什么国籍？

753.?what's?your?motherland??你祖国是哪儿？

754.?are?you?a?native?chinese??你是土生土长的中国人吗？

755.?what's?the?population?of?china??中国有多少人口？

See Also
deca joins雾最后的英文,超全的英语短句汇集Principles of English Language Use – PLU411S Flipbook PDF - PDF Free DownloadSermon and Worship ResourcesSwimgs Programs Will’s Birthday Steve Freeman Hits Song 3 Tabs Winnie The Pooh Halloween Bob The Builder Christmas Autumns Cow Dog Pig Welcome Teddy Kelsie Back Colder Stormy Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood Pineview Charge iPad The Alpha Baa Baa Twinkle

756.?how?many?provinces?do?you?have??你们有多少个区？?

757.?what's?the?capital?of?your?country??贵国首都是哪儿？

758.?i?come?from?japan.?我来自日本。

759.?i?was?born?in?china?and?brought?up?in?the?u.s.a.?我出生在中国，在美国长大。

760.?my?country?has?an?area?of?500,000?square?kilometers.?我国面积五十万平里。

761.?the?capital?of?my?country?id?beijing.?我国首都是北京。

762.?we?have?50?provinces.?我们有50个省。

763.?my?country?is?rich?in?natural?resources.?我国自然资源丰富。

764.?that?nation?is?famous?for?its?tourism.?那个国家以旅游业闻名。?

765.?the?biggest?festival?in?my?country?is?the?spring?festival.?我国最大的节日是春节。

二、?Geography?And?Land?Features?地理和地貌

766.?geographically,?china?is?located?in?the?northern?hemisphere.?

从地理位置上说，中国位于北半球。

767.?in?this?country,?the?weather?is?usually?very?awful.?在这个国家，天气通常十分恶劣。

768.?it?is?a?very?beautiful?country?with?many?mountains.?这是一个多山的美丽国度。

769.?this?country?is?famous?for?its?beautiful?lakes.?这个国家以其美丽的湖泊而闻名于世。?

770.?the?land?in?this?region?is?rather?dry?and?parched.?这片土地十分干燥。

771.?along?the?northern?coast?of?this?continent,?there?are?many?crags.?

沿该大陆的北海岸线上有许多峭壁。

772.?in?brazil,?many?ancient?forests?are?very?well?preserves.?

在巴西，古老的森林保存十分完好。

773.?lumbering?is?very?important?in?some?underdeveloped?countries.?

在一些不发达的国家，伐木业十分重要。

774.?the?scenery?is?very?beautiful?in?the?small?islands?in?the?pacific?oceans.?

太平洋上一些小岛的景色十分优美。

775.?what?kind?of?climate?do?you?have?in?this?country??这个国家的气候如何？

776.?in?the?west?of?america,?there?are?many?high?peeks?and?deep?canyons.?

在美国西部有许多高峰和深谷。

777.?which?one?is?the?longest?river?in?china??中国哪条河流最长？

778.?do?you?get?much?rain?in?summer??这里夏天雨水多吗？

779.?is?the?plain?along?the?river?good?for?farming??河畔的平原易于发展农业吗？

780.?it's?cold?and?foggy?in?london?at?this?time?of?the?year.?

在每年的这个时候，伦敦寒冷而多雾。

`

三、?School?And?Education?学校和教育

781.?every?one?must?receive?9?years?of?compulsory?education.?

每人必须接受九年的义务教育。

782.?children?enter?primary?school?at?the?age?of?7.?孩子们7岁进小学。

783.?some?students?quit?school?due?to?poverty.?一些学生因贫困而辍学。

784.?there?is?fierce?competition?in?the?college?entrance?examination.?高考竞争激烈。

785.?he?majored?in?computers.?他主修计算机。

786.?she?is?working?for?her?double?major?in?english?and?economics.?

她正在修英语和经济双学位。

787.?i?graduated?from?yale?university?5?years?ago.?五年前，我从耶鲁大学毕业。

788.?it?is?desirable?to?apply?to?good?schools.?申请好学校是令人向往的。

789.?mary?is?in?her?freshman?year.?玛丽大学一年级。

790.?lily?is?a?sophom*ore?now.?莉莉现在大学二年级。

791.?mike?is?already?a?junior.?迈克已经大学三年级了。

792.?as?a?senior,?peter?is?writing?his?thesis.?作为大学四年级学生，彼得正在写毕业论文。

793.?mr.?green?is?a?member?of?the?faculty.?格林先生是大学教员。

794.?in?britain,?there?are?open?universities.?在英国，有成人大学。

795.?there?are?many?training?classed?and?night?classes.?有许多培训班与夜校。

四、?About?Jobs?关于工作

796.?what?does?your?father?do??你父亲做什么工作？

797.?he?is?a?doctor.?he?has?his?own?practice.?他是个医生，他自己开业。

798.?do?you?have?any?plan?for?your?career??你对未来有什么计划吗？

799.?i?want?to?be?a?pilot?of?possible.?如果可能的话，我想做个飞行员。

800.?i?hope?that?i?can?get?a?decent?job?with?a?good?salary.?

我希望有一份既体面，收入又高的工作。

801.?i?have?an?interview?next?week.?我下周要参加考试。

802.?tom?has?opened?his?own?business?while?his?classmates?are?still?slogging?away?at?school.?

当汤姆的同学还在学校苦读时，他已经开始了自己的事业。

803.?i?like?writing,?but?i?wouldn't?take?it?as?my?career.?我喜欢协作但不愿以此为职业。

804.?i?worked?as?an?intern?in?that?firm?last?summer.?去年夏天我在那家商行实习。

805.?he's?a?very?efficient?young?man?though?a?little?proud.?

他是个很有能力的人，但是有点骄傲。

806.?he?made?a?successful?career?in?business.?他的商务生涯十分成功。

807.?my?cousin?has?just?been?promoted?to?the?rank?of?major.?我表兄刚被提升为上校。

808.?he?is?a?manager?of?a?famous?corporation.?他是一家著名公司的经理。

809.?the?statesman?retired?as?the?mayor?of?new?york.?那位政治家退休时是纽约市市长。

810.?he?was?appointed?president?of?the?committee?recently.?

他最近被任命为那个革命会的总裁。

五、?Farms?And?Factories?农场和工厂

811.?this?area?is?noted?for?its?rich?soil.?这个地区以土壤肥沃著称。

812.?the?place?is?too?stony?for?farming.?这地方太多石块，不适合耕种。

813.?in?the?flat?country,?people?grow?wheat?and?raise?cattle.?

在这平坦的乡间，人们种指小麦，饲养牲畜。

814.?he?has?bought?10?tractors?for?the?village.?他为村里买了10台拖拉机。

815.?what's?the?typical?farm?product?in?this?region??这个地区典型的农产品是什么？

816.?at?this?time?of?the?year?farmers?begin?to?plow?their?fields.?

每年这个时候，农民们开始犁地。

817.?have?you?milked?the?cows??你已经挤过奶了吗？

818.?pile?the?hay?in?the?corner.?把干草堆到边上。

819.?what's?the?average?yearly?output?of?cars?in?your?factory??

你们厂平均年产汽车多少台？

820.?the?meat?packing?industry?is?developing?fast.?肉类加工业发展迅速。

821.?car?manufacturers?are?having?a?bad?time.?汽车制造商的日子不好过。

822.?state-owned?enterprises?are?getting?out?of?difficulty.?国有企业开始走上坡路。

823.?how?many?workshops?are?there?in?your?factory??你们厂有多少车间？

824.?the?computer?industry?is?booming.?计算机业繁荣起来。

825.?the?information?industry?helps?boost?the?global?economy.?

信息业推进全球经济发展。

六、?About?Hobbies?关于爱好

826.?do?you?have?any?hobbies??你有什么爱好吗？

827.?what?are?you?interested?in??你对什么比较感兴趣？

828.?what?are?your?interests??你的爱好是什么？?

829.?what?do?you?do?in?your?spare?time??空闲时间你干什么？

830.?how?do?you?spend?your?evenings??夜生活你都是怎么过的？

831.?lots?of?people?like?stamp?collecting.?许多人喜欢集邮。

832.?i?am?a?michael?jordan?fan.?我是迈克尔·乔丹迷。

833.?does?his?film?appeal?to?you??你喜欢他的电影吗？

834.?do?you?go?on?picnics??你常去郊游吗？

835.?i?particularly?like?english?literature.?我对英国文学情有独钟。

836.?what's?so?interesting?about?football??we?girls?don't?like?it.?

足球有什么意思？我们女生不喜欢它。

837.?she?has?a?particular?interest?in?painting.?她特别爱好绘画。

838.?i?often?take?my?mind?off?my?work?by?reading?an?interesting?novel.

通常我通过阅读小说使我的注意力从工作上转移过来。

839.?he?plays?violin?just?for?enjoyment.?他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。

840.?photography?is?an?expensive?hobby.?摄影是门花费很多的爱好。

七、?Recreational?Activities?文体活动

841.?what's?your?favorite?sport??你最喜欢什么活动？

842.?i?like?football.?我最喜欢足球。

843.?what?position?do?you?play??你踢什么位置？

844.?i'm?a?catcher.?我是个接球员（垒球运动中）。

845.?our?team?beat?their?team?yesterday.?昨天，我们队打败了他们队。

846.?we?are?sure?to?defeat?them.?我们一定会打败他们。

847.?how?many?years?have?you?been?playing?pingpong??你打乒乓球多少年了？

848.?my?favorite?winter?sport?is?skiing.?我最喜欢的动机运动是滑雪。

849.?the?basketball?championship?is?exciting.?那次篮球冠军赛真激动人心。

850.?i?was?on?the?track?team?10?years?ago.?十年前，我在田径队。

851.?i?prefer?fishing?to?swimming.?比起游泳，我更喜欢钓鱼。

852.?she?is?a?member?of?the?ski?club.?她是滑雪俱乐部的成员。

853.?the?hardest?thing?to?learn?is?to?be?a?good?loser.?最难学的一点是做一个输的起的人。

854.?my?class?went?camping?last?summer.?去年夏天我们班去露营了。

855.?he's?good?at?lifting?weights.?他善于举重。

八、?About?Newspapers?And?Magazines?关于报纸杂志

856.?i?subscribed?to?a?lot?of?periodicals?last?year.?去年我订了许多期刊。

857.?tom?reads?newspapers?in?the?afternoon.?汤姆下午读报。

858.?what?kind?of?newspapers?do?you?read??你读什么样的报纸？

859.?newspapers?and?periodicals?keep?me?updated?on?current?affairs.?

报纸和期刊让我了解时事。

860.?what?column?do?you?like?best??你最喜欢哪个栏目？

861.?which?do?you?like?better,?the?news?or?the?editorial??新闻和评论你最喜欢看哪个？

862.?do?you?read?advertisem*nts?too??你也看广告吗？

863.?i?recommend?to?you?time?and?newsweek.?they?are?excellent.?

我向你推荐《时代》和《新闻周刊》，它们很棒。

864.?fashion?is?a?very?popular?magazine?in?america.?《时尚》是美国很流行的杂志。

865.?what's?the?circulation?of?this?magazine??这杂志发行量怎么样？

866.?why?don't?you?put?an?advertisem*nt?in?the?paper?to?sell?that?old?car?

为什么不在报上登广告卖旧车呢？

867.?i?once?took?a?part-time?job?delivering?the?evening?post.?我曾干过送晚报的兼职。

868.?have?you?read?the?article?about?the?rescue?of?the?hostage??

你看了关于营救人质的文章了吗？

869.?there?was?much?news?in?the?morning?paper?today.?今天的晨报上有许多新闻。

870.?my?friend?tom?is?a?reporter?for?the?new?york?times.?我朋友汤姆是《纽约时报》的记者。

九、?Radio?And?TV?收音机和电视机

871.?what?channel?are?you?watching?now??现在你在看哪个新闻？

872.?there's?tv?coverage?of?the?nba?tournament.?有个nba联赛的电视报道。

873.?do?you?have?a?tv?guide??你有电视节目吗？

874.?you'll?be?on?air?in?two?minutes.?两分钟以后你会上电视。

875.?channel?5?is?off?the?air?now.?五频道已经停止播放。

876.?turn?up?your?radio?please.?请你把收音机开响一点儿。

877.?we?can't?get?good?pictures?on?our?tv?set.?我们的电视机图象有问题。

878.?can?this?radio?receive?short-wave??这个收音机能收短波吗？

879.?if?you?install?an?outside?antenna,?you?will?have?better?reception.?

如果你安装了室外天线，你的电视接受效果会好点。

880.?turn?down?the?radio?please.?请放低音量。

881.?we'll?have?a?soap?opera?series?on?tv?this?week.?

这周末我们会在电视上看到一系列肥皂剧。

882.?please?tune?in?next?time.?请下次收听。

883.?we're?broadcasting?from?london.?我们从伦敦播放。

884.?you?can?receive?our?program?at?short?wave?37.5?mh.?

你可在短波37.5赫兹上收到我们的节目。

885.?there's?too?much?static.?干扰太大。

十、?About?Music?And?Literature?关于音乐和文学

886.?what's?your?favorite?music??你最喜欢什么音乐？?

887.?do?you?often?go?to?a?concert??你经常去听音乐会吗？

888.?i?hate?jazz.?it's?too?noisy.?我讨厌爵士，太吵了。

889.?do?you?like?pop?music??你喜欢流行音乐吗？

890.?i?have?never?heard?the?piece?before,?who?wrote?it??我从没听过这首曲子，谁写的？

891.?what?do?you?think?of?their?skill??你觉得他们演奏技术如何？

892.?i?find?classical?concerts?more?to?my?liking?than?rock?concerts.?

我觉得古典音乐会比摇滚音乐会更合我胃口。

893.?i've?never?read?a?more?stirring?story.?我从来没读过比这更令人激动的故事。

894.?he?has?a?passion?for?literature.?他很热衷于文学。

895.?i?am?most?attracted?by?dickens.?狄更斯的作品更吸引我。

896.?i?never?grow?tired?of?novels?though?i?read?them?everyday.?

我每天看小说，但从没厌烦过。

897.?on?sundays?i?often?spend?some?time?reading?in?the?library.?

星期天我经常在图书馆里看些书。

898.?what?do?think?about?this?poem??你觉得这首诗怎么样？

899.?i?like?shakespeare?better?than?milton.?与弥尔顿比起来，我更喜欢莎士比亚。

900.?how?much?do?you?know?about?the?works?of?george?eliot??

乔治·艾略特的作品你知道多少？

常用职位英文译名????????

Back To TOP(回到顶部)

Accounting?Assistant?会计助理?

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Bond?Analyst?证券分析员?

Bond?Trader?证券交易员?

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Clerk?Typist?&?Secretary?文书打字兼秘书?

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Copywriter?广告文字撰稿人?

Deputy?General?Manager?副总经理?

Economic?Research?Assistant?经济研究助理?

Electrical?Engineer?电气工程师?

Engineering?Technician?工程技术员?

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Export?Sales?Manager?外销部经理?

Export?Sales?Staff?外销部职员?

Financial?Controller?财务主任?

Financial?Reporter?财务报告人?

f.x.?(foreign?exchange)clerk?外汇部职员?

f.x.?settlement?clerk?外汇部核算员?

Fund?Manager?财务经理?

General?Auditor?审计长?

General?Manager/?President?总经理?

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General?Manager's?Secretary?总经理秘书?

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Import?Liaison?Staff?进口联络员?

Import?Manager?进口部经理?

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Interpreter?口语翻译?

Legal?Adviser?法律顾问?

Line?Supervisor?生产线主管?

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Mining?Engineer?采矿工程师?

Music?Teacher?音乐教师?

Naval?Architect?造船工程师?

Office?Assistant?办公室助理?

Office?Clerk?职员?

Operational?Manager?业务经理?

Package?Designer?包装设计师?

Passenger?Reservation?Staff?乘客票位预订员?

Personnel?Clerk?人事部职员?

Personnel?Manager?人事部经理?

Plant/?Factory?Manager?厂长?

Postal?Clerk?邮政人员?

Private?Secretary?私人秘书?

Product?Manager?生产部经理?

Production?Engineer?产品工程师?

Professional?Staff?专业人员?

Programmer?电脑程序设计师?

Project?Staff?项目策划人员?

Promotional?Manager?推售部经理?

Proof-reader?校对员?

Purchasing?Agent?采购进货员?

Quality?Control?Engineer?质量管理工程师?

Real?Estate?Staff?房地产职员?

Recruitment?Co-ordinator?招聘协调人?

Regional?Manger?地区经理?

research＆.development?engineer?研究开发工程师?

Restaurant?Manager?饭店经理?

Sales?and?Planning?Staff?销售计划员?

Sales?Assistant?销售助理?

Sales?Clerk?店员、售货员?

Sales?Coordinator?销售协调人?

Sales?Engineer?销售工程师?

Sales?Executive?销售主管?

Sales?Manager?销售部经理?

Salesperson?销售员?

Seller?Representative?销售代表?

Sales?Supervisor?销售监管?

School?Registrar?学校注册主任?

Secretarial?Assistant?秘书助理?

Secretary?秘书?

Securities?Custody?Clerk?保安人员?

Security?Officer?安全人员?

Senior?Accountant?高级会计?

Senior?Consultant/Adviser?高级顾问?

Senior?Employee?高级雇员?

Senior?Secretary?高级秘书?

Service?Manager?服务部经理?

Simultaneous?Interpreter?同声传译员?

Software?Engineer?计算机软件工程师?

Supervisor?监管员?

Systems?Adviser?系统顾问?

Systems?Engineer?系统工程师?

Systems?Operator?系统操作员?

Technical?Editor?技术编辑?

Technical?Translator?技术翻译?

Technical?Worker?技术工人?

Telecommunication?Executive电讯（电信）员?

Telephonist?/?Operator?电话接线员、话务员?

Tourist?Guide?导游?

Trade?Finance?Executive?贸易财务主管?

Trainee?Manager?培训部经理?

Translation?Checker?翻译核对员?

Translator?翻译员?

Trust?Banking?Executive?银行高级职员?

Typist?打字员?

Wordprocessor?Operator?文字处理操作员?

超级短句????????

Back To TOP(回到顶部)

1.absolutely?not.?绝对不是。2.are?you?coming?with?me??你跟我一起去吗？?3.are?you?sure??你能肯定吗？?4.as?soon?as?possible.?尽快。?5.believe?me.?相信我。?6.buy?it?.?买下来！?7.call?me?tomorrow.?明天打电话给我。?8.can?you?speak?slowly??请您说得慢些好吗？?9.come?with?me.?跟我来。?10.congratulations.?恭喜恭喜。?11.do?it?right!?把它做对。?12.do?you?mean?it???你是当真的吗？?13.do?you?see?him?often??你经常见到他吗？?14.do?you?see?it??=?do?you?understand??你明白了吗？?15.do?you?want?it??你要吗？?16.do?you?want?something??你想要些什么？?17.don’t?do?it?.?不要做。?18.don’t?exaggerate.?不要夸张。?19.don’t?tell?me?that.?不要告诉我。?20.give?me?a?hand?.?帮我一下。?21.go?right?ahead.?一直往前走。?22.have?a?good?trip.?祝旅途愉快。?23.have?a?nice?day.?祝你一天过得愉快。?24.have?you?finished??你做完了吗？?25.he?doesn’t?have?time.?他没空。?26.he?is?on?his?way.?他现在已经在路上了。?27.how?are?you?doing?　你好吗？?28.how?long?are?you?staying???你要呆多久？?29.i?am?crazy?about?her.?我对她着迷了。?30.i?am?wasting?my?time?.?我在浪费时间。?31.i?can?do?it?.?我能做。?32.i?can’t?believe?it?.我简直不能相信。?33.i?can’t?wait?.?我不能再等了。?34.i?don’t?have?time?.?我没时间了。?35.i?don’t?know?anybody.?我一个人都不认识。?36.i?don’t?like?it?.?我不喜欢。?37.i?don’t?think?so?.　我认为不是。?38.i?feel?much?better.?我感觉好多了。?39.i?found?it?.　我找到了。?40.i?hope?so?.?我希望如此。?41.i?knew?it?.　我早知道了。?42.i?noticed?that.?我注意到了。?43.i?see.?我明白了。?44.i?speak?english?well.?我英语说得很好。?45.i?think?so?.?我认为是这样的。?46.i?want?to?speak?with?him.?我想跟他说话。?47.i?won.?我赢了。?48.i?would?like?a?cup?of?coffee,?please.?请给我一杯咖啡。?49.i’m?hungry.?我饿死了。?50.i’m?leaving.?我要走了。?51.i’m?sorry.?对不起。?52.i’m?used?to?it?.?我习惯了。?53.i’ll?miss?you.?我会想念你的。?54.i’ll?try.?我试试看。?55.i’m?bored.?我很无聊。?56.i’m?busy.?我很忙。?57.i’m?having?fun.?我玩得很开心。?58.i’m?ready.?我准备好了。?59.i’ve?got?it?.?我明白了。?60.i’ve?had?it?.?我受够了。?61.it’s?incredible!?真是难以置信！?62.is?it?far??很远吗？?63.it?doesn’t?matter.?没关系。?64.it?smells?good.?闻起来很香。?65.it’s?about?time?.?是时候了。?66.it’s?all?right.?没关系。?67.it’s?easy.?很容易。?68.it’s?good.?很好。?69.it’s?near?here.?离这很近。?70.it’s?nothing.?没什么。?71.it’s?time?to?go?.?该走了。?72.it’s?different.?那是不同的。?73.it’s?funny.?很滑稽。?74.it’s?impossible.?那是不可能的。?75.it’s?not?bad.?还行。?76.it’s?not?difficult.?不难.?77.it’s?not?worth?it?.　不值得。?78.it’s?obvious.?很明显。?79.it’s?the?same?thing.?还是一样的。?80.it’s?your?turn.?轮到你了。?81.let?me?see?.?让我想想。?82.let?me?know?.?告诉我。?83.me?too.?我也一样。?84.not?yet.?还没有。?85.relax!?放松。?86.see?you?tomorrow.　明天见。?87.she?is?my?best?friend?.?她是我最好的朋友。?88.she?is?so?smart.?她真聪明。?89.show?me?.　指给我看。?90.tell?me?.?告诉我。?91.thank?you?very?much.　多谢。?92.that?happens.?这样的事情经常发生。?93.that’s?enough.?够了。?94.that’s?interesting.?很有趣。?95.that’s?right.?对了。?96.that’s?true.?这是真的。?97.there?are?too?many?people?here.?这里人很多。?98.they?like?each?other.?他们互相倾慕。?99.think?about?it?.?考虑一下。?100.too?bad!?太糟糕啦！?101.wait?for?me?.?等等我。?102.what?did?you?say??你说什么？?103.what?do?you?think??你认为怎样？?104.what?is?he?talking?about??他在说些什么？?105.what?terrible?weather!?多坏的天气。?106.what’s?going?on/?happening?/?the?problem??怎么啦？?107.what’s?the?date?today?今天几号？?108.where?are?you?going???你去哪里？?109.where?is?he??他在哪里？?110.you?are?impatient.?你太性急了。?111.you?look?tired.?你看上去很累。?112.you?surprise?me.?你让我大吃一惊。?113.you’re?crazy.?你疯了。?114.you’re?welcome.?别客气。?115.you’re?always?right.?你总是对的。?116.you’re?in?a?bad?mood.?你的心情不好。?117.you’re?lying.?你在撒谎。?118.you’re?wrong.?你错了。

成语集锦????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)1.world?is?but?a?little?place,?after?all.?天涯原咫尺，到处可逢君?Explanation:?it?is?used?when?a?person?meets?someone?he?knows?or?is?in?someway?connected?with?him?in?a?place?where?he?would?never?have?expected?to?do?so.?example:?who?would?have?thought?i?would?bump?into?an?old?schoolmate?on?a?trek?up?mount?tai.?the?world?is?but?a?little?place?after?all.?2.?when?in?rome,?do?as?the?romans?do.?入乡随俗?explanation:?conform?to?the?manners?and?customs?of?those?amongst?whom?you?live.?Example:?I?know?you?have?egg?and?bacon?for?breakfast?at?home,?but?now?you?are?on?the?Continent?you?will?do?as?the?romans?do?and?take?coffee?and?rolls.?3.?what?you?lose?on?the?swings?you?get?back?on?the?roundabouts.?失之东隅，收之桑榆?Explanation:?a?rough?way?of?starting?a?law?of?average;?if?you?have?bad?luck?on?one?day?you?have?good?on?another;?if?one?venture?results?in?loss?try?a?fresh?one---it?may?succeed.?Example:?he?may?always?possess?merits?which?make?up?for?everything;?if?he?loses?on?the?swings,?he?may?win?on?the?roundabouts.?4.what?are?the?odds?so?long?as?you?are?happy.?知足者常乐?explanation:?what?does?anything?else?matter?if?a?person?is?happy.?example:?you?complain?so?much,?but?you?have?a?good?family,?parents,?health,?and?money.?what’s?the?odd?so?long?as?you’re?happy.?5．entertain?an?angel?unawares.?有眼不识泰山?explanation:?to?receive?a?great?personage?as?a?guest?without?knowing?his?merits.?Example:?in?the?course?of?evening?someone?informed?her?that?she?was?entertaining?an?angel?unawares,?in?the?shape?of?a?composer?of?the?greatest?promise?6.every?dog?has?his?day?.?是人皆有出头日?Explanation:?fortune?comes?to?each?in?turn?example:?they?say?that?every?dog?has?his?day;?but?mine?seems?a?very?long?time?coming.?7.every?potter?praises?his?own?pot.?王婆买瓜，自卖自夸?Explanation:?people?are?loath?to?refer?to?defects?in?their?possessions?or?their?family?members?Example:?he?said?that?his?teacher?considered?his?work?brilliant,?but?I?would?rather?hear?it?from?his?teacher’s?own?mouth.?every?potter?praises?his?own?pot?------------------------------------------------------------------------------------?We?are?good?friends!???1．?pain?past?is?pleasure.?（过去的痛苦就是快乐。）[无论多么艰难一定要咬牙冲过去，将来回忆起来一定甜蜜无比。]?2．?while?there?is?life,?there?is?hope.?（有生命就有希望/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。）?3．?wisdom?in?the?mind?is?better?than?money?in?the?hand.?（脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。）[从小灌输给孩子的坚定信念。]?4．?storms?make?trees?take?deeper?roots.?（风暴使树木深深扎根。）[感激敌人，感激挫折！]?5．?nothing?is?impossible?for?a?willing?heart.?（心之所愿，无所不成。）[坚持一个简单的信念就一定会成功。]?6．?the?shortest?answer?is?doing.?（最简单的回答就是干。）[想说流利的英语吗？那么现在就开口！心动不如嘴动。]?7．?all?things?are?difficult?before?they?are?easy.?（凡事必先难后易。）[放弃投机取巧的幻想。]?8．?great?hopes?make?great?man.?（伟大的理想造就伟大的人。）?9．?god?helps?those?who?help?themselves.（天助自助者。）?10．?four?short?words?sum?up?what?has?lifted?most?successful?individuals?above?the?crowd:?a?little?bit?more.????（四个简短的词汇概括了成功的秘诀：多一点点！）????[比别人多一点努力、多一点自律、多一点决心、多一点反省、多一点学习、多一点实践、多一点疯狂，多一点点就能创造奇迹！]?11．?in?doing?we?learn.（实践长才干。）?12．?east?or?west,?home?is?best.（东好西好，还是家里最好。）?13．?two?heads?are?better?than?one.（三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。）?14．?good?company?on?the?road?is?the?shortest?cut.（行路有良伴就是捷径。）?15．?constant?dropping?wears?the?stone.（滴水穿石。）?16．?misfortunes?never?come?alone/single.（祸不单行。）?17．?misfortunes?tell?us?what?fortune?is.（不经灾祸不知福。）?18．?better?late?than?never.（迟做总比不做好；晚来总比不来好。）?19．?it's?never?too?late?to?mend.（过而能改，善莫大焉；亡羊补牢，犹未晚也。）?20．?if?a?thing?is?worth?doing?it?is?worth?doing?well.（如果事情值得做，就值得做好。）?21．?nothing?great?was?ever?achieved?without?enthusiasm.（无热情成就不了伟业。）?22．?actions?speak?louder?than?words.（行动比语言更响亮。）?23．?lifeless,?faultless.（只有死人才不犯错误。）?24．?from?small?beginning?come?great?things.（伟大始于渺小。）?25．?one?today?is?worth?two?tomorrows.（一个今天胜似两个明天。）?26．?truth?never?fears?investigation.（事实从来不怕调查。）?27．?the?tongue?is?boneless?but?it?breaks?bones.（舌无骨却能折断骨。）?28．?a?bold?attempt?is?half?success.（勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。）?29．?knowing?something?of?everything?and?everything?of?something.??????（通百艺而专一长。）[疯狂咬舌头]?30．?good?advice?is?beyond?all?price.（忠告是无价宝。）

打开话匣子????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)在美国交朋友,?除了基本的语言学习,?最大的的困难恐怕是在如何克服心理方面的恐惧。?其实很多问候应对的话并不难,?可能都是你早已经认识的字,?只要你平常多准备准备,?有机会可以表现一下你友善的一面喔!?　?1.?what’s?up??怎么样了??A:?Hey?man,?What’s?up??A:?嘿!?怎么样了??b:?nothing?much.?B:?没什么?“What’s?up?”?并不是「什么在上头的意思?」。它和?“How?are?you?doing?”、?“How’s?it?going”、?“what’s?new?”....等等,?都是美国人很常说的寒暄语。如果你懒得讲,?或许真的没发生什么新鲜事,?就回答?“nothing?much.”吧!?很有用的话喔!?(我是指“what’s?up?”这句话。)?2.?long?time?no?see.?好久不见了。?a:?hey,?long?time?no?see.?how?have?you?been??A:?嘿!?好久不见了。?近来可好呀??b:?so?so.?B:?马马虎虎!?好玩吧!?就像中文一样。?注:?据苜蓿子小姐说,?“long?time?no?see.”?应是从中文来的。?(10/06/99)?【的确，long?time?no?see.这句话是中国人发明的美语，只是这么说的人实在是太多了，所以也就约定俗成，成了一句标准的美语了。大家从这里也可以了解到一些学习语言的规律吧，先别管他什么道理，说的多了，自然就接受了。?海泓注】?3.?i?have?heard?a?lot?about?you.?久仰大名?a:?i’ve?heard?a?lot?about?you.?A:?久仰大名?b:?good?things,?i?hope.?B:?希望是好事!?初见面的问候语其实还有不少;?像“How?do?you?do?”、“Howdy”?(中西部用语)?都是「你好吗?」的意思。?4.?you?look?great?today.?你今天看起来很好(有精神、好看等)。?a:?you?look?great?today.?i?love?your?new?haircut..?A:?你今天看起来很好看。我很喜欢你的新发型。?b:?oh,?yeah??thank?you.?i?like?it,?too.?B:?真的吗??谢谢。我自己也喜欢。?美国人是从不吝啬赞美人的,?因为他们的赞美常是发自内心的,?总让人听起来也很舒服。在美国交朋友,?不妨从「赞美别人」开始吧!?除了“good”、?“great”?外,?你还可以用?“wonderful”、“fantastic”、“terrific”?等。?5.?no?kidding??不是开玩笑的吧??a:?i?can?finish?two?large?pizzas?in?10?minutes?all?by?myself.?A:?我可以一个人十分钟内吃掉二个大比萨。?B:?No?kidding??B:?真的啊??这里的“No?kidding?”也可说成“Are?you?serious?”、“Really?”、“Are?you?kidding?me?”之类的话。?　?6.?into?...?热衷;?喜爱(人、事)?a:?hey,?there’s?very?good?thai?restaurant?down?the?street.?would?you?like?to?go??A:?嘿!?这里在过一点有一家很棒的泰国餐厅喔!?你想不想去呢?b:?well,?actually,?i’m?not?really?into?spicy?food.?can?we?try?something?else??b:?嗯...实际上,?我并不是很喜欢辣的食物。我们可以试试别的东西吗??“into?something”?是对某事「有兴趣」、?「喜欢」的意?思。好比?“i’m?into?fishing?lately.”(我近来对钓鱼有兴趣。)?“spicy?food”?就是的辛辣?(hot?)?的食物。美国人中很多怕吃辣的东西。很多异国风味?(包括中餐)到了美国都要调整一下口味。原本较辣的东西,?都会改为所谓的「微辣」(mild)。?【其实美国的东西到了中国也是一样的，也的适合咱中国人的口味。最明显的就是肯德基的“香辣鸡翅”了，我想在美国不会有这么hot的肯德基吧！?海泓注】?7.?what?are?you?up?to??最近忙什么啊??a:?i?haven’t?seen?you?around?lately.?what?are?you?up?to??A:?最近都没看到你。?忙什么呢??b:?i’m?working?two?jobs?right?now.?it’s?killing?me.?B:?我现在做二份工作。把我累死了!?“it’s?killing?me.”?是表示某事很折腾人的意思。如“her?singing?is?killing?me.”?她的歌声(很恐怖)简直要我的命!?8.?you?flatter?me.?你过奖了!?a:?gail.?i?saw?your?art?show?last?night,?and?i?must?let?you?know?how?amazed?i?was?by?your?incredible?accomplishments.?A:?Gail,?我昨天参观了你的美术展。?我一定要告诉你我对你的卓越成就感到多么惊讶。?b:?oh,?you?flatter?me.?B:?哎呀,?你真是过奖了!?美国人从不吝啬夸奖别人。他们夸赞的话,?也往往让人听了飘飘然。重要的是,?他们通常是发自内心的。我觉得他们这种能够欣赏别人优点的性格是一个很值得学习的。?【这么看来flatter可不像国内一些书籍上所翻译的“奉承，说好话”这类的贬义，我们有些中国人特别喜欢窝里斗，看不得别人超过自己，只要一flatter，必是另有所图。?海泓注】?9.?alive?and?kicking?(活得)好好得?A:?How?is?your?boyfriend?doing??A:?妳的男朋友好不好啊??b:?still?alive?and?kicking.?thank?you.?B:?(他)活得好好得!?谢谢。?因为还能踢来踢去,?表示还很健康。好记吧!?10.?i?got?you.?我懂你(的意思)。?a:?i?don’t?get?you.?your?dad?wanted?to?give?you?a?porsche?and?you?turned?him?down.?what?were?you?thinking??A:?我真不懂你。你爸爸要给你一部保时捷,?你还拒绝他。你在想什么啊??b:?he?can?buy?me?a?car?but?he?can’t?buy?me.?B:?他可以买车给我,?但他不能买我(的心)。?“i?don’t?get?you.”?里的?“get”?是?“understand”(明白、了解)?的意思。?“turn?down”?是「拒绝」的意思。?11.?beats?me!?把我考倒了;?我也不懂?A:?Do?you?know?why?a?jerk?like?Todd?gets?all?the?pretty?girls??A:?你知道为何像?Todd?这种没人品的人的女朋友的都那么漂亮呢??B:?Beats?me!?B:?莫宰羊(台语)?“Beats?me!”?是「我也不懂」的意思。?「我不懂」还可用“i?have?no?idea.”、“i?can’t?understand.”、“i?don’t?dig?it.”。?“jerk”?是「人品差」的人。?12.?something?like?that?像...之类的?A:?Time?for?dessert??A:?点心时间了吗??b:?yeah.?do?we?have?cheesecake?or?something?like?that??B:?嗯!?我们有没有?cheesecake?还是(cheesecake)之类的东西??美国人蛮喜欢在饭后来点甜的东西。常常饭后就回来一句“Time?for?dessert?”。?“something?like?that”?是蛮好用的一个词组。好比有时候碰到我不是很肯定一个英文字的用法,?我会举个情况,?然后问朋友那样用对不对。如果我的答案够接近?,?对方常常会回答:?“yeah,?something?like?that.”?(对!差不多就是这样。)?13.?cool!?很棒!;?很好!?a:?this?is?the?painting?that?i?was?talking?about.?what?do?you?think??A:?这就是我跟你讲的那幅画。你觉得怎么样??B:?Cool!?I?love?it!?B:?哇!?真棒!?我好喜欢啊!?“it’s?cool.”?跟“it’s?neat.”?都是「很棒、?很好」的意思。?美国人在很多与感觉有关的字都用的比我们强烈许多。不了解这一点,?有些东方人会被误解为「冷漠」。如果老外给你看他的作品,?你告诉他你喜欢?(i?like?it.),?在他耳里听到的就变成?“it’s?all?right.?i?don’t?really?like?it.”?(还好了,?我并不是真的很喜欢。)?这不是一个要不要讨人欢喜的问题,?而是个入境随俗的问题。?14.?that’s?good?for?you.?对你是一件很好的事!?a:?i’ve?decide?to?go?back?to?school?for?some?training?in?programing.?A:?我决定再回学校修点程序设计的课。?b:?good?for?you.?when?would?you?like?to?start??B:?不错啊!?打算什么时后开始呢??“good?for?you”?是用在听到某人(将要或已经)做一件对他自己有益的事时,?所表示「认同」的话。好比一个从来不运动的人告诉你,?他要开始每天运动了,?你就可以回答“Good?for?you!”。?15.?i’ve?got?to?go.?我(有事)得走了!?a:?i’ve?got?to?go.?it’s?nice?talking?to?you.?A:?我得走了。很开心跟你讲话。?b:?same?here.?i’ll?see?you.?B:?我也是。再见。?“i’ve?go?to?go.”?也可以用来结束一段在电话对答。通常说完“i’ve?got?to?go.”?后会跟对方解释原因。?“same?here.”?是表示自己的感觉也是一样。?16.?check?this?out!?告诉你喔!;?看看这个东西!?a:?check?this?out!?i?just?now?got?a?call?asking?about?the?bike?ad?i?put?in?the?newspapers.?A:?告诉你喔!?我刚刚接到一通询问有关我放在报纸上的那个脚踏车广告。?B:?You?mean?somebody’s?actually?interested?in?that?rusty?old?bike??B:?你是说,?真的有人对那部生锈的旧脚踏车有兴趣啊!?“ad”?是“advertisem*nt”?的简称,?在口语里面常见到。?“Check?this?out!”也是句蛮常用的句子。当你要告诉别人一件事,?或要对方看一个东西的时候,?就可以用这句话来引起他的注意。当作「告诉你!」时,?用法跟“Guess?what?”、“You?know?what?”、“You?know?something?”等的用法都差不多,?都是一些没有真正实际的意思的一些类似发语词的句子。?17.?count?me?in?把我也算进去;?我也要参加入?a:?jessica?and?i?are?looking?for?a?good?gym?to?join.?do?you?think?you’d?be?interested,?too??A:?Jessica?跟我正在找个好的健身房来加入。你我没有兴趣呢??b:?why?not??count?me?in.?B:?怎么会没有呢??把我也算一份!?年轻一点的美国人中有不少喜欢上健身房,?让自己练出一些肌肉来。?尤其是男孩子,?如果练出个所谓的「洗衣板般的腹肌」(washboard?abs),?是会引起很多女生的尖叫的。「运动」除了用“exercise”?这个字外,?还可以用“work?out”来表示。实际上在一般的日常对话里,?用?“work?out”?的机率还大过?“exercise”?哩!?“exercise”反而是像医生之类的比较会用。如果要表示自己一个礼拜运动三天,?就可以说:“i?work?out?three?times?a?week.”。?“count?me?in”?是「把我也算进去!」的意思,?也是蛮好的一个词组。毕竟?很多时候要和新认识的朋友熟络起来,?是要靠一些共同参与的活动来培养的。那么“count?me?out.”?应该是「我不想有份」的意思啰!?不过我想?“count?me?out!”?还是用来对比较熟一点的朋友说吧!?不然听起来是不是比较无礼呢??还是宛转地拒绝比较好一点喔!?【看到这里，今天下午我也得到健身房去了，不能老是呆在电脑前。要德智体全面发展嘛！?海泓注】?18.?any?time?不客气;?有事尽管开口?a:?thank?you?for?your?help.?i?really?appreciate?it.?A:?谢谢你的帮忙,?我真的很感谢。?b:?any?time.?B:?不客气!?当别人向我们道谢时,?我们除了可以用“you’re?welcome.”(不客气!)外,?还可以说“sure.”、“you?bet.”?或“you?bet?you.”等等,?都有「哪里!」、「应该的」的意思。也有人会用“any?time.”,?意思是「不客气!?有事随时开口。」的意思。可以把它想成是“any?time?you?need?anything,?just?let?me?know.?you're?very?welcome.”?19.?good?luck?to?you?!?祝你好运(顺利)!?a:?i?have?a?job?interview?with?nintendo?tomorrow.?A:?我明天跟?Nintendo?公司有个工作面谈。?b:?that’s?wonderful!?good?luck?to?you.?i’m?sure?you’re?going?to?do?extremely?well.?B:?那真是太好了!祝你顺利!?我相信你一定会作得很好的。?“good?luck.”?是蛮好用的一句话。像是朋友要找工作、找房子,?都可以用这句话。好比“good?luck?to?you?on?the?test.”就是「祝你考试顺利!」的意思。?20.?stay?in?touch.?保持联络!?a:?it’s?getting?late.?i’d?better?get?going.?A:?晚了。我该走了。?b:?all?right.?stay?in?touch?and?take?care?of?yourself.?B:?好的!?保持联络,?好好照顾自己。?“stay?and?touch”跟“keep?in?touch”都是「保持联络」的意思。?

PC电脑词汇????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)abbreviate?vt.缩写，省略?abbreviation?n.缩短，省略，简称?abend?异常结束?abnormal?异常?abort?异常中止?aboveboard?ad.照直，公开的?absence?n.缺少，没有?absolute?绝对?absorption?吸收?abstract?抽象?acceleration?加速度?accelerator?n.加速装置，加速剂?accent?强调?accept?接受?accepting?接收?access?访问?accessible?可存取?accessor?存取元?accessory?附件?accidentally?ad.偶然地?accommodate?容纳?according?to?a.按照，根据?account?帐户?accounting?会计?accumulate?累加?accumulator?累加器?accuracy?准确度?accurately?准确地?achieve?vt.完成?ACK?确认符?acknowledge?确认?acknowledgement?确认?acknowledgment?n.接收(收妥)，承认?acoustic?声音的?acquire?获取?acquisition?获取?acronym?字首组合词?across?跨越?action?动作?activate?激活?activation?激活?active?活动的?activity?活动?actual?实际的?actuator?致动器?adaptability?适应性?adapter?适配器?add?添加?addend?加数?adder?加法器?addition?n.加法，增加?additional?附加的?additionally?ad.另外，又?additive?添加的?address?地址?addressability?可寻址性?addressee?被访地址?addressing?寻址?adequate?a.足够的，充分的?adjacency?邻近?adjacent?邻近的?adjust?调整?adjustment?调整?administration?管理?administrative?管理的?administrator?管理员?advance?v.进展?advanced?高级的?affect?vt.影响，改变，感动?affected?a.受了影响的?again?再次?aggregate?聚集?aid?n.帮助，辅助程序?airflow?气流?aisle?通道?alarm?警报?alert?报警?algebraic?代数?algorithm?算法?alias?别名?aliasing?别名判别?align?v.定位，对齐?aligned?a.?对齐的，均衡的?aligner?调整器?alignment?数据对齐?all?全部?allocate?分配?allocation?分配?allocator?分配器?allow?允许?allowable?a.容许的，承认的?allowance?允许?allowed?a.容许的?ally?v.联合，与...关联?alpha?n.希腊字母α，未知数?alphabet?字母?alphabetic?字母的?alphabetical?a.字母(表)的，abc的?alphabetically?ad.按字母表顺序?alphameric?字母数字的?alphanumeric?字母数字的?alter?改变?alteration?改动?alternate?替代?alternately?ad.交替地，轮流地?alternative?替代项?amber?琥珀色?amount?金额?amp?安培?ampere?安培?ampersand?n.＆号(and)?amplifier?放大器?amplitude?振幅?analog?模拟?analogue?模拟?analysis?分析?analyst?分析员?analyze?分析?analyzer?分析机?ancestor?祖先?AND?与?angle?角度?Angstrom?埃?animate?动画绘制?Animation?动画?annotate?注释?annotation?注释?announce?vt.发表，宣布?announcement?宣布?announciator?报警器?anode?阳极?another?另一个?ansi?n.美国国家标准协会?answering?应答?antialiasing?排斥假名?anticipate?vt.预先考虑，抢...先?antistatic?防静电?aperture?小孔?apostrophe?单引号?appear?出现?append?附加?appendix?n.附录?apple?n.苹果公司?applicable?a.可适用的，合适的?application?应用（程序）?applied?a.适用的，外加的?apply?应用?appropriate?适当的?appropriately?ad.适当地?apron?附表?architecture?体系结构?archive?归档?area?区?argument?参数?arithmetic?算术?arrange?排列?arrangement?排列?array?数组?arrow?箭头?article?物件?ascend?上升?ascending?升序?ascii?n.美国信息交换标准码?assemble?汇编?assembled?组装?assembler?汇编程序?assembly?汇编?assertion?断言?asset?资产?Assign?分配?assigned?a.指定的，赋值的?assignment?赋值?assist?辅助?assistance?辅助?associate?v.相联，联想，关联?associated?关联的?association?关联?associativity?关联性?assortment?n.种类，花色品种?assume?假设?assumed?a.假定的?asterisk?星号?async?异步?asynchronous?异步?atom?原子?atomicity?原子性?attach?连接?attached?a.附加的?attachment?连接附件?attempt?试图?attention?n.注意(信号)?attenuation?衰减?attenuator?衰减器?attractive?吸引人的?attribute?属性?audio?声频?audit?审查?augend?被加数?augment?v.增加，添加，扩充?authentication?认证?authenticator?认证器?author?n.程序设计者，作者?authority?权限?authorization?权限?authorize?授权?authorized?特许的?auto?a.自动的?autodialer?自动拔号器?autoindex?n.自动变址(数)?automata?自动机?automatic?自动的?automatically?ad.自动地，机械地?automation?自动化?automaton?自动机?autonumber?自动号?autopush?自动推?autostart?自动启动?auxiliary?辅助的?availability?可用性?available?可用的?average?平均?avoid?vt.避免，取消，无效?babble?串音?backbone?主干?backend?后端?backflush?逆算法?background?后台?backlog?待办事项?backscrolling?反卷?backslash?反斜线?backspace?退格?backtab?退格制表?backup?备份?backward?反向?badge?标记?balance?平衡?band?区?bandwidth?带宽?bank?存储单元?banking?出界?bar?条?base?基数?baseband?基带?baseline?基线?basename?基名?basic?基本?basis?基础?bass?低音部?batch?批处理?battery?电池?baud?波特?beacon?信标?beam?束?beep?n.蜂鸣声，嘀嘀声?beeper?蜂鸣器?begin?开始?behavior?行为?bel?贝尔?bell?响铃?bellfast?快贝尔?below?下面?benchmark?基准?beyond?prep.超过，那边?bias?偏离?bibliography?书目?bid?请求?bidder?请求者?bill?票据?billing?开票?binary?二进制?bind?联接?binder?联接器?binding?联接?bionics?仿生学?bios?n.基本输入/输出系统?bipolar?双极性的?biquinary?二五混合进制（的）?bistable?双稳态的?bit?位?bitmap?位图?blank?空格?blanket?涂层?blink?闪烁?blinking?闪烁?blip?（缩微胶卷画面上的光点）标志?blit?位块传送?block?块?blocking?分块?blower?鼓风机?board?n.板，插件板?body?主体?boldface?黑体?book?书籍?bookmark?书签?Boolean?布尔?boot?引导?Bootable?可引导?bootstrap?自举?border?边框?borrow?借位?bottleneck?瓶颈?bottom?底部?bounce?弹回?bound?界限?boundary?边界?box?框?bpi?位／英寸?bps?位／秒?brace?花括号?braces?花括号?bracket?方括号?bracketed?a.加括号的?brackets?方括号?branch?分支?break?中断?breakpoint?断点?breve?短音符号?bridge?网桥?bridging?桥接?bright?明亮?brightness?亮度?broadband?宽频带?broadcast?广播?browse?浏览?Browser?浏览器?bucket?存储桶?buffer?缓冲区?buffering?缓冲?bug?错误?build?构建?bulb?灯泡?bumper?保险杆?burst?脉冲串?bus?总线?business?商业?bussback?反馈?busy?忙?button?按钮?buyer?采购人员?buzzer?蜂鸣器?bypass?旁路?byte?字节?cable?电缆?cabling?布线?cache?高速缓存?caching?高速缓存?CAD?计算机辅助设计?cage?盒子?calculate?计算?calculation?n.计算，统计，估计?calculator?计算器?calendar?日历?calibrate?校准?call?调用?callback?回叫?caller?调用程序?calling?调用?callout?调出?camcorder?便携式摄像机?cancel?取消?candidate?候选?cannot?不能?canvas?画布?capability?能力?capable?有能力的?capacitor?电容?capacity?能力?capital?大写?capitalized?a.大写的?caption?图表说明?capture?捕捉?card?卡?caret?插入记号?carousel?n.圆盘传送带?carriage?托架?carrier?载波?carry?进位?cartridge?盒式磁带?cascade?级联?case?n.情况，场合?cash?n.现金?cassette?盒式磁带?cast?强制转型?catalog?编目?catalogue?编目?catch?捕捉?category?种类?cation?n.正离子，阳离子?cause?原因?caution?注意?CD?光盘，激光唱片?cedilla?变音符?cell?单元?Celsius?摄氏?center?中心?centering?向中对齐?centerline?中线?centimeter?厘米?central?中央的?centrex?中央交换机?century?n.世纪?certain?a.确实的，确定的?certainty?n.必然，确实?certification?确证?chain?链?chained?链接?chaining?链接?chamber?箱?change?更改?channel?通道?channelizing?沟道效应?chapter?章?char?字符?character?字符?characteristic?特性?charge?费用?charging?充电?chart?图表?chassis?机壳?check?检查?checker?检查器?checkout?检出?checkpoint?检查点?child?儿子节点?children?子女?chip?芯片?choice?选项?choose?v.挑选，选择，选定?chord?弦?chunk?n.厚块，大部分?ciphertext?密码文本?circle?n.圆，圈，循环，周期?circuit?电路?circular?循环?circumflex?弯曲?circ*mstance?n.情况，环境，细节?citation?引用?city?城市?clamp?夹?class?类?classify?分类?clause?子句?clear?清除?clearinghouse?清除库?clerk?职员?click?单击?client?客户?clip?裁剪?clipboard?裁剪板?cliping?裁剪?clipper?n.剪刀?clock?时钟?clocking?定时?clockwise?顺时针方向?Close?关闭?closed?a.关闭的，闭迹?closely?a.精密地，仔细地?cluster?群集?coalesce?结合?coating?涂层?coax?同轴?coaxial?同轴的?code?代码?coder?编码器?codeset?代码集?coding?编码?coefficient?系数?coexist?共存?coexistence?共存?coffret?传输接口?collapse?崩溃?collate?整理?collation?整理?collator?整理器?collection?堆集?collision?冲突?colon?冒号?colour?颜色?column?列?combination?组合?combine?组合?combobox?n.组合框?comma?逗号?command?命令?comment?注解?commercial?a.商业的，经济的?commit?落实?commitment?落实?commodity?商品?common?公共的?communicate?通信?communication?n.通信?compact?压缩?compaction?压缩?company?公司?comparand?比较字?comparator?比较器?compare?比较?comparison?比较?compatibility?兼容性?compatible?兼容的?compilation?编译?compile?编译?compiler?编译器?complement?补码?complementer?反相器?complete?完成?completely?ad.十分，完全，彻底?completion?完成?complex?复杂的?complexities?复杂性?complexity?复杂程度?complicated?v.使复杂化，使混乱?component?部件?components?部件?compose?组成?composing?组成?composite?合成?composition?组合?compress?压缩?compression?压缩?compressor?压缩器?comprise?vt.包括，由...组成?compute?计算?computer?计算机?computing?计算?concatenate?并置?concatenation?并置?concentration?集中?concentrator?集线器?concept?n.概念?concordance?重要语汇索引?concurrent?同时的?condense?压缩?condition?条件?conditional?条件的?conditioning?调节?conductor?导线?conduit?护线管?confidential?机密?configuration?配置?configurator?配置程序?configure?配置?confirm?确认?confirmation?确认?conflict?v.冲突，碰头?conflicting?冲突?conform?vi.遵从，符合?confuse?vt.使混乱，干扰?congestion?拥塞?conjunction?与?connect?连接?connected?连接?connection?连接?connective?连接词?connectivity?连通性?connector?连接器?consecutive?连续的?consent?插座?consequently?ad.因此，从而?consider?考虑?consideration?n.考虑，研究，讨论?considered?a.考虑过的，被尊重的?consist?vi.符合，包括?consistency?一致性?consistent?一致的?console?控制台?consolidate?合并?const?n.常数?constant?常量?constantly?ad.不变地，经常地?constraint?约束?constructing?构造?constructor?构造成员?consult?v.咨询，顾问?consumable?消费品?consume?v.消耗，使用?contact?联系?contain?包含?container?容器?containment?包含?content?内容?contention?争用?context?上下文?contextual?上下文的?contiguous?相连的?continue?继续?continued?接上页?continuously?ad.连续不断地?contractor?承包方?contrast?反差?control?控制?controllability?可控制性?controlled?a.受控制的，受操纵的?controller?控制器?convegence?收敛?convenience?n.方便，便利?convenient?a.方便的，便利的?convention?约定?conventional?a.常规的，习惯的?converg?收敛?converged?收敛的?conversation?对话?conversational?会话式?conversion?转换?convert?转换?converted?转换的?converter?转换器?coordinate?坐标?coordinator?协调程序?coprocessor?协处理器?copy?复制?copying?复制?copyright?n.版权?cord?n.绳子，电线?core?核心?coresidency?共存?corner?角?corona?电晕?correct?正确?correction?n.校正，修正?correctly?正确?correlator?相关因子?correspond?vi.通信(联系)?corresponding?相应的?corrupt?v.有毛病的?corrupted?毁坏的?cosine?余弦?cost?成本?costing?成本法?Coulomb?库仑?count?计数?counter?计数器?counterclockwise?反时针方向?country?国家?coupler?耦合器?coupling?耦合?courier?信使?course?n.过程，航向，课程?cover?盖?CPU?控制处理部件?crank?曲柄?crash?崩溃?craze?n.开裂?create?建立?creation?n.创造，创作?creator?建立者?credentials?凭证?credit?信用?crew?组员?criteria?标准?criterion?n.标准，判据，准则?critical?临界的?crop?v.切，剪切?cross?跨?crossfoot?交叉结算?crowding?拥挤?cryogenics?低温学?cryotron?低温管?cryptographic?密码?cryptography?密码术?CUA?公共用户存取访问?culling?挑选?cumulative?累积的?current?当前?currently?ad.目前，现在?cursor?光标?curtate?卡片部分?cushion?缓冲器?custom?a.用户?customation?定制?customer?用户?customize?定制?cut?剪下?cutoff?截止?cutout?开口?cybernetics?控制论?cycle?循环?cyclinder?柱面?cyrill?西里尔?daemon?守护程序?daily?a.每日的，日常的?damage?损坏?damping?阻尼?dark?黑暗?DASD?直接存取存储器?data?数据?database?数据库?datagram?数据报?date?日期?datum?数据?day?天?db?分贝?deactivate?释放?deactivated?释放?deactivation?释放?deadlock?死锁?deal?v.处理，分配，交易?dealer?经销商?deallocate?释放?dearly?ad.极，非常，昂贵地?death?n.毁灭，消灭?debit?借额?deblock?解块?deblocking?解块?debug?调试?debugger?调试器?deca?十（词头）?deci?十分之一（词头）?decibel?分贝?decide?v.(使)判定，判断?decimal?十进制?decipher?译码?decision?判定?deck?叠?declaration?说明?declarative?说明的?declarator?说明符?declare?说明?declared?a.承认的，申报的?decode?译码?decoder?译码器?decollate?分开?decompression?还原?deconcentration?分散?deconcentrator?分线器?decrease?v.减少，降低，缩短?decreasing?递减?decrement?减?decrypt?译码?decurl?去卷曲?dedicate?专用?dedicated?专用的?dedication?专用?deduction?扣除?default?缺省?defect?缺陷?defective?a.故障的，有毛病的?definable?a.可定义的，可确定的?define?定义?definition?定义限定?deflect?转向?degrade?v.降低，减少，递降?degree?度?delay?延迟?deleave?拆散?delegation?授权?delete?删除?deletion?n.删去(部分)，删除?delimit?定界?delimiter?定界符?delinquent?拖欠帐款?deliver?传递（回叫）?delivery?传递?demand?需求?demangling?识别解码?demodulate?解调?demodulation?解调?demodulator?解调器?demographic?人口统计的?demon?精灵程序?demonstrate?v.论证，证明，证实?demonstration?示范?demount?卸下?demultiplex?多路分用?demultiplexer?多路分用器?denary?十进制的?denormal?非正常表示的?denote?表示?density?密度?deny?否认?department?n.部门，门类，系?depend?取决于?dependent?从属?dependents?从属?depress?按下?depth?深度?deque?双队列?dequeue?离队?derivation?派生?descend?下降?descendant?子代?describe?描述?descried?a.被看到的，被发现的?description?n.描述?descriptor?描述信息块?deselect?取消选择?deserialize?串行变并行?deserializer?串并转换器?design?设计?designate?指定?designated?a.指定的，特指的?designation?指定?designlist?设计表?desirable?a.所希望的，称心的?desire?v.期望?desired?期望的?desk?n.书桌，控制台，面板?desktop?桌面?desposition?支配权?destage?离台?destination?目的地?destroy?毁坏?destructor?析构成员?detached?分离的?detail?细节?detailed?详细的?detect?检测?detent?稳定装置?deter?vt.阻止，拦住，妨碍?determinant?行列式值?determine?确定?develop?开发?developer?开发者?developing?开发?development?n.开发，研制?deviation?偏差?device?设备?diacritic?发音符号?diacritical?a.区分的，辩别的?diaeresis?分音符?diagnose?诊断?diagnostic?诊断的?diagnostics?诊断?diagonal?对角的?diagonally?ad.斜(对)?diagram?图表?dial?拨号?dialing?拨号?dialog?对话?dibit?双位?dictionary?字典?differ?vi.不同，不一致?difference?差?different?不同的?differentiate?v.区别，分辨?differentiator?微分器?digest?整理?digit?数字?digital?数字?digitize?数字化?dimension?维?dimensional?n....维的?dimensionality?维数?diode?二极管?diphthong?元音连字?dipping?浸渍法?direct?直接的?direction?指导?directly?ad.直接地，立即?director?导向器?directory?目录?dirid?目录标识符?dirname?目录名?Dirve?驱动器?disable?禁用?disabled?禁用的?disappear?vi.消失?disassembler?反汇编器?disc?磁盘?discard?v.删除，废除，放弃?discarded?废弃的?discipline?规程?disconnect?断开?disconnection?断开?discrete?离散的?discriminant?判别式?discriminator?鉴别器?disjunction?析取?disk?磁盘?diskette?软盘?dismount?卸下?dispatch?分派?dispatcher?调度器?dispersant?分散剂?displacement?位移?display?显示?dispose?配置?disposition?配置?disregard?vt.轻视,把..忽略不计?dissector?析象器?distinction?n.区别，相异，特性?distinguish?v.区别，辨识?distort?失真?distortion?失真?distribute?vt.分布，配线，配给?distributed?分布的?distribution?分发?dithering?抖动?ditto?同上?diversion?转换?divide?v.除?dividend?被除数?division?部分?divisor?除数?DLL?动态连接库?document?文档?documentation?文档编制?documenting?记录?domain?域?DOS?磁盘操作系统?dot?点?double?a.两倍的，成双的?doublet?二位字节?doubleword?双字?down?向下?download?卸载?downstream?顺流?draft?草稿?drag?拖曳?drawable?可绘制的?drift?漂移?drive?驱动器?driver?驱动程序?drop?放下?drum?磁鼓?dryer?干燥器?dual?a.对偶的，双的?due?到期?dumb?哑的?dummy?哑的?dump?转储?duodecimal?十二进制的?duplex?双工?duplicate?重复?duplication?复制?duplicator?复印机?durability?耐用性?duration?持续时间?during?在期间?dynamic?动态?dynamicizer?动态转换器?echo?回显?edge?边?edit?编辑?editing?编辑?edition?版本?editor?编辑器?effect?n.效率，作用，效能?effective?a.有效的?effectivity?有效性?efficiency?效率?efficiently?ad.有效地?eigenvalue?特征值?eject?弹出?elaboration?加工?elapsed?vi.经过?electronic?电子的?electronics?电子学?element?元素?eliminate?消去?ellipse?椭圆?ellipsis?n.省略符号，省略(法)?embedded?嵌入的?embedding?嵌入?emboldening?增亮?embossment?凸起?emphasis?强调?emphasize?v.强调，着重，增强?empty?a.空，零，未占用?emulate?仿真?emulation?仿真?emulator?仿真器?emulsion?感光乳剂?enable?允许?encapsulation?封装?encipher?加密器?enclave?程序集?enclose?vt.封闭，密封，包装?enclosure?安装箱?encode?编码?encoder?编码器?encounter?遇到?encrypt?加密?encryption?加密?end?末端?endian?字节存储次序?endpoint?端点?engineering?工程?enhance?增强?enlargement?放大?enqueue?排队?enquiry?询问?enroll?报名?ensure?保证?enter?输入?enterprise?企业?entire?a.总体?entirely?ad.完全地，彻底地?entity?实体?entrance?入口?entropy?熵?entry?项目?enumerator?枚举符?environ?vt.围绕，包围?environment?环境?environmental?a.周围的，环境的?epilogue?结尾?epoch?戳记?equal?等于?equalization?均衡?equalizer?均衡器?equally?ad.相等地，相同地?equation?方程式?equipment?装置?equivalence?等价?equivalent?等价的?equivocation?条件信息量总平均值?erase?擦除?eraser?擦除器?ergoromics?人类工程学?erlang?厄兰?error?错误?escalation?逐步上升?escape?跳出?esoteric?机密的?especially?ad.特别(是)，尤其?essentially?ad.实质上，本来?establish?建立?establishment?建立?Ethernet?以太网?evaluate?估计?event?事件?every?每个?examine?v.检验，考试，审查?example?例子?exceed?超过?exceeded?a.过度的，非常的?except?prep.除...之外，除非?exception?异常?excerpt?摘录?exchange?交换?exclamation?n.惊叹(号)?exclude?排除?exclusive?互斥的?executable?a.可执行的?execute?执行?execution?执行?exerciser?试验程序?exhaust?v.取尽，用完?exist?存在?existing?现存的?exit?退出?expand?扩充?expander?扩充器?expanding?a.扩展的，扩充的?expansion?n.展开，展开式?expect?vt.期望，期待，盼望?expenditure?支出?expenses?费用?experience?vt.试验?experiment?n.实验，试验(研究)?experimentation?n.实验(工作，法)?expertise?专门知识?expire?v.终止，期满?explain?说明?explanation?说明?explanatory?a.解释(性)的?expletive?虚词?explicitly?ad.明显地，显式地?exponent?指数?exponential?指数的?exponentiation?取幂?export?调出?exporter?出口服务器?exposing?曝光?exposure?曝光度?express?a.快速的?expression?表达式?expunge?vt.擦除，删掉?extend?扩展?extension?扩充?extent?范围?external?外部的?extra?a.特别的，额外的?extract?抽取?extremely?ad.极端地，非常?extremity?极限?eyecatcher?识别序列?face?n.面，表面?facilities?设施?facility?n.设施，装备，便利?facsimile?传真?factor?因子?factorial?阶乘?factoring?因式分解?factorization?因式分解?fail?失败?failure?失败?fallback?撤退?false?a.假(布尔值)，错误?familiar?a.熟悉的，惯用的?familiarize?vt.使熟悉，使通俗化?family?系列?fancy?n.想象(的),精制的?fast?快速?fastback?n.快速返回?fasten?固定?fastselect?快速选择?father?n.父，上层(树节点的)?fault?故障?feature?特征成份?feed?馈送?feedback?反馈?feedboard?供纸板?feeder?输电线?feminine?阴性?ferrite?铁氧体?ferromagnetics?磁学?fetch?取?fiber?纤维?field?字段?figure?图?file?文件?filename?文件名?fileset?文件集?filespace?文件空间?filetab?文件标记?filing?n.（文件的）整理汇集?fill?填充?filler?填充符?film?薄膜?filter?筛选程序?final?最后的?finally?ad.终于，最后?find?寻找?finish?完成?first?首先?fix?修订?fixed?固定的?fixing?定影?flag?标志?flashing?闪亮?flat?平面的?flexibility?灵活性?flicker?闪烁?floating?浮动?floppy?n.软磁盘?flourescent?荧光的?flow?流动?fluerics?流体学?fluidic?射流的?fluidics?射流技术?flush?清仓?flyback?回扫?fold?折叠?folder?文件夹?folding?折叠?folio?对开本?follower?跟随器?following?下列?font?字体?foot?英尺?footer?脚注?footnote?注脚?forbidden?禁用的?force?v.力，强度?forced?a.强制的?forecast?预测?foreground?前台?forget?忽略?fork?创建子进程?form?表格?format?格式?formation?n.构造，结构，形成?formatted?a.有格式的?formatter?格式化器?formatting?n.格式化?formed?a.成形?formula?公式?fortuitous?不规则的?forward?向前?fourscore?n.八十?fragment?n.片段，段，分段?fragmentation?存储残片?fragmenting?分割?frame?帧?framework?框架?framing?组帧?franking?打印标记?free?释放?freeze?v.冻结，结冰?freight?运费?frequency?频率?frequently?ad.常常，频繁地?from?从?frustum?截头锥体?full?全部?fullword?全字?fully?ad.十分，完全?function?功能?fundamental?a.基本的，根本的?fuse?熔凝?fuser?熔凝器?fusing?定影?gain?增益?gap?间隔?garbage?无用信息?gate?门?gateway?网关?gather?集中?general?一般的?generate?产生?generation?产生?generator?发生器?generic?类属?geometry?几何?giag?千兆?gigacycle?千兆周?glance?n.闪烁?global?全局的?glossary?词汇表?glyph?图象字符?go?vi.运行，达到?Gothic?哥特体?grab?抓取?gradation?灰度?gram?克?grant?授予?grantee?接受者?grantor?授予者?granularity?颗粒度?graph?图?graphic?图形的?graphically?ad.用图表表示?graphics?图形?grave?雕刻?gravity?重心?grid?栅极?groove?槽?ground?地?grounding?接地?group?组?growth?增长?GUI?图形用户界面?guide?指南?guideline?指南?halftone?半色调?halfword?半字?halt?停机?handle?句柄?handler?处理器?handles?控键?handling?n.处理，操纵?handset?电话听筒?handshaking?握手?handy?方便的?hang?v.中止，暂停，挂起?Hanzi?汉字?hardware?硬件?hardwired?硬连线的?harmonic?谐波?Hartley?哈特利?hashing?散列法?head?磁头?header?头?heading?标题?headphone?耳机?heap?堆阵?hecto?百?hectometer?百米?Help?帮助?helper?帮助程序?heuristic?试探的?heuristics?试探?hex?十六进制?hexadecimal?a.十六进制的?hidden?隐藏的?hide?隐藏?hierarchical?分层的?hierarchy?层次结构?highlight?突出显示?highlighting?突出显示?Hiragana?平假名?histogram?直方图?history?历史?hit?命中?hits?瞬态干扰?hm?百米?hold?保持?hole?孔?holiday?假期?Hollerith?霍勒内斯?hom*ologation?认可?hook?挂钩?hopper?送卡箱?horizontal?水平的?horizontally?ad.水平地?host?主机?hotfix?热修复?hotspot?热点?housekeeping?内务处理?housing?外壳?how?如何?hub?集线器?humidity?湿度?hunting?寻找?hyperbola?双曲线?hypertext?超文本?hyphen?n.连字符，短线?hyphenation?字符连接?icelandic?冰岛?icon?图符?iconify?图符化?idempotent?幂等?identical?a.相等的，相同的?identically?ad.相等，恒等?identification?标识?identifier?标识符?identify?标识?idle?空闲?ignore?忽略?illegal?非法的?image?图象?imbedded?嵌入的?imbedding?嵌入?immediate?立即的?impedance?阻抗?impingement?冲击?implement?实现?implementation?实现?implication?蕴含式?implicit?隐式?implied?隐式的?implosion?内爆?import?调入?importer?进口服务器?imprinter?印刷器?imprinting?印刷?improve?改进?improvement?改进?impulse?脉冲?inaccessible?不可存取的?inaccuracy?不准确度?inactive?非活动的?inbound?入站?include?包括?inclusion?包含?inclusive?a.包括的，内含的?incoming?进入?incompatibility?不相容?incompatible?不兼容?inconnector?内接符?incorporate?合并?incorrect?不正确?increase?v.增加，增大?increasing?递增?increment?增量?incremental?增量的?indefinitely?ad.无限地，无穷地?indent?缩排?indentation?缩排?indention?缩排?independent?独立?independently?各自地?index?索引?indexing?变址?indicate?vt.指示，表示?indicator?指示符?indirect?间接的?indirection?间接?indirectly?ad.间接地?individual?个别的?individually?ad.个别地，单独地?induction?归纳法?industrial?工业的?industry?n.工业?inexperienced?a.不熟练的，外行的?inferiors?下级?infinite?a.无限的，无穷的?infinity?无穷大?influence?影响?inform?通知?information?信息?inherit?继承?inheritance?继承?inhibit?禁止?inhibited?禁止的?initial?初始的?initialization?初始化?initialize?初始化?initializer?初始化程序?initially?ad.最初，开头?initiate?启动?initiator?启动程序?inking?墨迹式画图?inline?直接插入的?inlining?在线的?input?输入?inquiry?查询?insert?插入?insertion?n.插入，嵌入，插页?inside?n.内部的?inspection?检查?install?安装?Installable?可安装?installation?安装?instance?实例?instaneous?瞬时的?instant?a.立刻的，直接的?instantiate?实例化?instead?ad.(来)代替，当作?instruct?指示?instruction?指令?instrumentation?仪表化?insufficient?a.不足的，不适当的?insulation?绝缘?insure?v.保证，保障?integer?整数?integrate?集成?integrated?集成的?integrator?积分器?integrity?完整性?Intellect?才智?intelligence?智能?intelligent?智能的?intend?vt.打算，设计?intense?a.强烈的，高度的?intensity?亮度?interaction?交互?interactive?交互式?intercept?拦截?intercepting?截取?interchange?交换?interest?n.兴趣，注意，影响?interface?界面?interfere?vi.干涉，干扰，冲突?interference?干扰?interlace?交错?interleave?交错?interlink?相互链接?interlock?互锁?intermediate?中间的?intermittent?间歇性的?intern?保留区?internal?内部的?internally?ad.在内（部）?international?国际的?internationalization?国际化?Internet?网际?internetwork?网际?interoperability?vi?n.配合动作性?interoperable?a.彼此协作的?interpret?v.解释?interpreter?解释器?interrelated?相关的?interrupt?中断?intersection?逻辑乘?interval?间隔?intervene?vi插入，干涉?intervention?介入?introduce?vt.引进，引导?introduction?介绍?invalid?无效?invariant?不变量?invent?vt.创造，想象?inventory?存货?inverse?逆矩阵?invert?翻转?investigate?审查?invocation?调用?invoice?发票?invoke?调用?involve?vt.涉及，卷入，占用?involved?a.有关的?isolation?隔离?issue?发出?item?项目?iterate?迭代?iteration?迭代?iterative?a.迭代的,重复的?jack?插座?jam?堵塞?job?作业?joggle?轻摇?join?汇合?journal?日志?journaling?日志?joystick?控制杆?jump?转移?junction?连接?justify?对齐?kanji?汉字?katakana?片假名?keep?保持?kernel?内核?kerning?字母紧排?key?键?keyboard?键盘?keycaps?键罩?keyed?a.键控的?keylock?键锁?keypad?n.小键盘?keypunch?键控穿孔机?keysym?键码?keyword?关键字?kill?杀死（进程）?kilo?千?kilobyte?千字节?kilogram?千克?kilometer?公里?kilowatt?千瓦?kit?组件?knob?握柄?label?标号?labeled?a.有标号的?labor?人工?laboratory?实验室?lag?延迟?language?语言?latched?锁存的?latency?等待时间?launch?启动?layer?层?layout?布局?leaders?引线?leading?n.引导(的)?leaf?叶?leased?租用的?leave?脱离?leaves?叶?left?向左?legal?a.合法的，法律的?legend?图注?lending?n.借出的?letter?字母?level?层次?lever?杠杆?lexical?a.辞典的，词法的?lexically?词法上?lexicon?辞典?liabilities?负债额?librarian?库管理器?library?库?licensed?特许的?ligature?连字?light?指示灯?limit?极限限制?limitation?限制?limited?a.有限的，（受）限制的?line?行?linefeed?换行?linestyle?线型?linewidth?线宽?link?连接?linkable?可链接的?linkage?链接?linker?链接器?list?列表?listen?收听?listening?收听?listing?列表?literal?文字?load?装入?loaded?已载入（的）?loader?装入器?loading?装入?local?本地的?locale?场所?localization?本地化?locally?本地?locate?找出?locating?n.定位，查找?location?位置?locator?定位器?lock?加锁?locking?锁定?lockout?封锁?lockup?锁定?log?记录?logarithm?对数?logged?a.记录的，浸透的?logger?记录器?logic?逻辑?logical?a.逻辑的，逻辑摶驍?Login?登录?logo?标志?logoff?注销?logon?注册?Logout?退出?long?长型?loop?循环?loopback?回送?lost?丢失?lowercase?n.下档，小写体?lumen?流明?lux?勒克司?lvalue?左值?mach?n.马赫(速度单位)?machine?机器?macro?宏?macroelement?宏元素?macroexpansion?宏指令扩充?macrogeneration?宏产生?macrogenerator?宏产生程序?macroinstruction?宏指令?macrolanguage?宏语言?macrolibrary?宏库?macroprogramming?宏编程?magnitude?大小?mail?邮件?mailbox?邮箱?mailer?邮件程序?mailslot?邮件槽?main?主?mainframe?大型机?mainline?主线?maintain?维护?maintainability?可维护性?maintainable?可维护的?maintenance?维护?major?a.较大的，主要的?majority?多数?make?vt.制造，形成?malfunction?故障?manage?管理?management?管理?manager?管理器?mandatory?必要的?mangling?识别编码?manifest?vt.表明，显示，显现?manipulate?操作?manipulating?v.操纵，操作?manipulator?操纵元?manner?n.方法，样式，惯例?mantissa?尾数?manual?手册?manually?ad.用手，手动地?manufacture?vt.制造(业)，工业?manufacturer?制造商?manufacturing?制造?manuscript?手稿?map?映象?mapping?映象?margin?余量?mark?标记?marked?a.有记号的?marker?标记?marketing?市场营销?marking?n.标记，记号，传号?marshal?编组?marshalling?编组?masculine?阳性?mask?掩码?masking?n.掩蔽，屏蔽?master?a.总要的，总的?match?匹配?matching?n.匹配，调整?material?资料?materialization?具体化?materialize?具体化?math?n.数学?matrix?矩阵?Maximize?最大化?maximum?最大的?MBCS?多字节字符集?mean?平均?means?n.方法，手段?measure?测量?mechanism?机制?media?媒体?medialess?无媒介?medium?n.中等的?mega?n.兆，百万?member?成员?memo?便笺?memorandum?便笺?memory?内存?mention?vt.叙述，说到?menu?菜单?merge?合并?message?信息?metadata?元数据?metafile?元文件?meter?米?method?方法?metric?公制的?micro?a.微的,百万分之一?microcircuit?微电路?microcode?微码?microcomputer?微型计算机?microdocument?微文档?microfiche?微缩格片?microfilm?微缩胶卷?microinstruction?微指令?microprocessor?微处理器?microprogram?微程序?microprogramming?微程序设计?microroutine?微例程?microsecond?微秒?microwave?微波?middle?中间?MIDI?音乐设备数字接口?migrate?移植?migration?移植?mile?英里?milli?毫?millimeter?毫米?millisecond?毫秒?minidisk?小磁盘?minimize?最小化?minimum?最小的?minuend?被减数?minus?a.负数，减?mirror?n.镜，反射，反映?mirroring?镜象?miscellaneous?多种的?mismatch?n.失配，不匹配?missing?丢失?mistake?错误?mix?混合剂?mixer?混合器?mixture?混合体?mnemonic?助记的?modal?模态?mode?方式?model?模型?modem?调制解调器?modification?修改?modified?a.修改的，变更的?modifier?修饰符?modify?修改?modular?模块化的?modulate?调制?modulation?调制?module?模块?modulo?模?moment?n.矩，力矩，磁矩?monitor?监控程序?monitoring?监控?mono?a.单音的?monochrome?单色?monostable?单稳的?month?月份?more?尚有?motif?n.主题，要点，特色?motor?电动机?mount?装载?mouse?鼠标?move?移动?movement?移动?multidrop?多点?multiiplex?多路传送?multiline?多线路?multimedia?多媒体?multiple?多个的?multiplexer?多路转接器?multiplexing?多路复用?multiplexor?多路传送器?multiplicand?被乘数?multiplication?乘法?multiplicity?复合度?multiplier?乘数?multipoint?多点?multiprocessing?n.多重处理，多道处理?multiprocessor?多重处理机?multistation?多功能站?multitasking?多任务?multithread?多线程?multiwindow?多窗口?must?必须?mutex?互斥标记?name?名字?namespace?名称空间?native?本机的?nature?性质?navigate?v.导航，驾驶?navigation?n.导航?navigational?引导的?necessary?必需的?needle?探针?negate?vt.否定,求反,摲菙?negative?a.负的，否定的?negotiation?协商?neper?奈培?nest?嵌套?nested?嵌套?netname?网络名?network?网络?networking?连网?neural?神经?neutral?中性的?new?新的?nickname?别号?node?节点?nodes?节点?noise?噪声?nomenclature?术语?nominal?额定的?noninteractive?a.不相关的，非交互的?noninventory?非库存?nonswitched?非交换式?nonupdatable?不可更新的?nonworkdays?非工作日?nonzero?非零?normal?正常的?normalize?规格化?notation?记数法?note?注意?notebook?笔记本?nucleus?核心?null?空的?number?数?numeral?数字?numeration?记数?numeric?数字的?numerical?数字的?numerous?a.为数众多的，无数的?object?目标对象?obscure?模糊的?observation?观察?observer?观察者?obsolete?过时的?obstruction?障碍?occasionally?ad.偶尔(地)，不时?occlude?堵塞?occupation?职业?occupy?占用?occur?发生?occurrence?n.出现，发生?octal?八进制的?octet?八位位组?odometer?n.里程表，计程仪?oersted?奥斯特?offer?v.提供，给予，呈现?offhook?摘机?offline?脱机?offset?位移?ohm?欧姆?OK?确认?omit?vt.省略，删去，遗漏?on-line?a.联机的?online?联机?only?仅?opaque?不透明的?open?打开?operand?操作数?operate?操作?operating?操作?operation?操作?operator?运算符?opinion?n.意见，见解，判断?opposite?a.相反的?optimization?优化?optimize?v.优选，优化?optimum?最优的?option?任选项?optional?任选的?order?命令?ordering?定序?ordinal?序数?organization?组织?organize?v.组织，创办，成立?orientation?方位?oriented?a.有向的，定向的?origin?起始地址?original?原始?originally?ad.原来，最初?oscilloscope?示波器?other?其他?otherwise?否则?outcome?n.结果，成果，输出?outconnector?外接器?outlet?插座?outline?提纲?output?输出?overall?整个?overcircle?上圈?overcommitment?过度承诺?overdot?上点?overdue?逾期?overflow?上溢?overhead?间接制造费用?overheat?过热?overlap?重叠?overlay?覆盖?overload?超负荷?overloading?重载?override?覆盖?overrun?过速?overscan?过扫描?overscore?顶线?overstrike?重复打印?overstriking?重叠打印?overtime?加班?overview?概述?overwrite?覆盖?owner?所有者?ownership?所有权?pace?调步?pacing?调步?pack?压缩?package?包?packet?包?packeted?成套的?packing?包装?pad?填充?padding?填充?pagination?页调整?paging?调页?palette?调色板?pane?屏面?panel?屏面?panning?漫游?paragraph?段?parallel?并行的?parameter?参数?parent?父代?parentheses?括号?parenthesis?n.括弧，圆括号?parity?奇偶性?parse?语法分析?parser?语法分析器?part?部件?participant?参与者?particular?a.特定的，特别的?particularly?ad.特别，格外，尤其?partition?分区?partitioned?分区的?partner?伙伴?pass?v.传送，传递，遍(数)?passthru?通过?password?口令?Paste?粘贴选项?patch?修补?path?路径?pattern?模式?pause?暂停?payroll?工资单?peer?同级?pel?像素?penalty?n.惩罚，罚款，负担?pending?暂挂?percentage?百分率?perforator?穿孔机?perform?实行?performance?性能?period?句点?peripheral?外围的?permanence?永久性?permanent?永久的?permanently?ad.永久地，持久地?permission?许可权?permissions?许可权?permit?允许?permutation?排列?persistence?持续性?person?人员?personal?a.个人的，自身的?personalize?个人化?personnel?人员?pertain?vi.附属，属于，关于?phase?阶段?phone?电话?phoneme?音素?photocell?光电池?photoconductor?光导体?photodetector?光检测器?phototypesetter?照相排版?phrase?短语?physical?物理的?physically?a.物理上，实际上?pick?检料?picking?检料?picosecond?微微秒?picture?图形?pin?针?pinboard?插接板?pipe?管道?pipeline?管线?piping?管道?pitch?音调?pixel?像素?pixmap?象图?placeholder?位置标志符?placement?位置?plaintext?明文?plan?计划?plane?位面?planner?计划人员?planning?计划?plant?工厂?platen?压纸卷筒?platform?n.平台?plot?绘图?plotter?绘图仪?plug?插头?point?点?pointer?指针?pointing?指点?poll?轮询?polling?轮询?polyline?多线?polymarker?多重指示器?polymorphism?多形性?pool?池?pop?弹出?popdown?弹下?popup?弹出?port?端口?portability?可移植性?portion?n.分配?position?位置?positioning?定位?positive?a.正的，阳的，正片?possibility?n.可能性?possible?可能?possibly?ad.可能地，合理地?postamble?后同步信号?postpone?延迟?potentially?ad.可能地，大概地?power?电源?powerful?功效强大的?practice?n.实习，实践?pragma?编译指示?pragmatics?语用学?preamble?前同步信号?preanalysis?预分析?preauthorization?预先授权?prebuild?预构建?precede?v.先于?precedence?优先级?preceding?a.先的，以前的?precision?精度?precondition?先决条件?predicate?谓词?predict?vt.预测，预言?preemption?抢先?preface?前言?prefer?vt.更喜欢，宁愿?prefix?前缀?premultiplication?左乘?preparation?准备?preprocessing?预处理?preprocessor?预处理器?prepunched?预先穿孔的?prerequisite?先决条件?preroll?预卷?presence?n.存在，有?present?a.提供?presentation?呈示?preserve?vt.保存，维持?preset?预置?press?按?pressed?a.加压的，压缩的?pressing?n.紧急的?prestore?预存储?prevent?v.防止，预防?preview?vt.预览?previous?a.早先的，上述的?previously?ad.以前，预先?price?n.价格?primarily?ad.首先，起初，原来?primary?主要的?primitive?原语?principal?主要的?print?打印?printable?a.可印刷的?printer?打印机?printing?打印?printout?打印输出?prior?a.先验的，优先的?priority?优先级?private?专用?privilege?特权?probable?a.概率的，可能的?probably?ad.多半，很可能?problem?问题?procedural?a.程序上的?procedure?过程?proceed?继续?process?进程?processing?处理?processor?处理器?produce?v.生产，制造?product?产品?production?生产?productivity?生产力?professional?专业人员?profile?概要?profiling?程序概要分析?program?程序?programmable?a.可编程的?programmer?程序员?programming?程序设计?progress?n.进度，进展?project?项目?projection?投影?prolog?前言?prologue?前言?promote?促进?prompt?提示?prompting?提示?proof?证明?proper?正确的?properly?ad.真正地，适当地?property?特性?proporational?均衡的?proprietary?a.专有的?protect?vt.保护?protected?受保护?protection?保护?protocol?协议?prototype?原型?provide?提供?pruning?修剪?pseudo?a.假的，伪的，冒充的?pseudocolor?伪彩色?pseudonumber?代号?public?公共的?publication?出版物?publisher?n.出版者，发行人?puck?球?pulldown?下拉?pulse?脉冲?purchase?采购?purchasing?采购?purge?清除?purpose?n.打算?push?按?pushbutton?按钮?pyramid?角锥体?quad?四芯导线?qualified?a.合格的，受限制的?qualifier?限定词?quality?质量?quantization?量子化?quantize?量化?quantum?量子?quark?夸克?quartet?四位字节?query?查询?question?n.问题?questionaire?询问表?queue?队列?queuing?排队?quiescing?停顿?quiet?安静?quinary?五进制的?quintet?五位字节?quit?退出?quotation?引语?quote?报价?quotient?商?rack?机架?radar?雷达?radiate?辐射?radix?基数?rail?导轨?raise?提高?RAM?随机存取存储器?random?a.随机的?range?范围?rank?排序?raster?光栅?rate?速率?rated?额定的?rating?额定?rational?有理的?reach?v.范围，达到范围?reactivate?v.使恢复活动?read?读?readable?a.可读的?reader?阅读器?readily?ad.容易地，不勉强?reading?n.读，读数?ready?就绪?real?实?reallocation?重新分配?really?a.真正地，确实地?realm?领域?reappear?vi.再现，重现?rear?背面?rearrange?v.重新整理，重新排序?reason?原因?rebinding?重新连接?rebuild?v.重建，修复，改造?recalibrate?重新校准?recall?vt.撤消，复活，检索?receipt?收据?receive?接收?received?a.被接收的，公认的?receiver?接收者?receiving?接收?receptacle?插座?recipe?准则?recipient?收件人?reciprocal?倒数?reclaim?收回?reclock?重新计时?recognize?v.识别?recommend?vt.推荐，建议?reconciliation?对帐?reconfiguration?重新配置?record?记录?recorder?记录器?recost?成本重计?recover?恢复?recoverable?a.可恢复的，可回收的?recovery?恢复?rectangle?矩形?rectangular?a.矩形的?recursion?循环?recursive?a.递归的，循环的?redefine?vt.重新规定(定义)?redirect?重定向?redirection?重定向?redisplay?再显示?redo?重做?redraw?vt.再拉?reduce?减少?reduction?n.减化，还原，减少?redundancy?冗余?redundant?a.冗余的?reel?卷?reenter?v.重新进入?reenterable?可重入的?reentrant?可重入的?reevaluate?重新估计?refer?参考?reference?引用?referral?工作分派?refile?接力传送?reflect?反映?reflection?反射?reflow?v.回流，逆流?reformat?重新格式化?refresh?刷新?regard?vt.考虑，注意，关系?regardless?a.不注意的，不考虑的?regeneration?重新生成?region?区?register?寄存器?registration?登记?regression?回归?regular?a.正则的，正规的?regulation?规则?regulator?调节器?reindex?v.变换(改变)符号?reinitialize?重新初始化?reinstall?重新安装?reinstate?vt.复原，恢复?reject?拒绝?related?a.相关的?relation?关系?relational?关系的?relationship?关系?relative?相对的?release?释放?reliability?可靠性?reload?vt.再装入?relocatable?浮动?relocate?浮动?relocation?浮动?remain?vi.剩下，留下，仍然?remainder?余数?remaining?剩余的?remark?评语?remember?v.存储，记忆，记住?remote?远程?remotely?远程地?removal?除去?remove?除去?rename?重新命名?render?图象产生?renderer?描绘器?rendering?描绘?rendzvous?会合?renovate?改造?rent?n.裂缝?reorder?v.(按序)排列，排序?reorganization?vt.重排，改组?repaint?vt.重画?repair?修理?reparent?重定父级?repeat?重复?repeatablity?可重复性?repeated?a.重复的?repeatedly?ad.重复地?repeater?中继器?repeating?n.重复，循环?reperforator?复穿孔机?repertory?指令表?repetitive?a.重复的?repetitor?重复词?replace?置换?replaceable?可置换的?replacement?n.替换，置换，更新?replan?重新计划?replica?副本?replicate?vt.重复，复制?replication?复制?reply?回答?report?报告?repository?仓库?represent?v.表示，表现，代表?representation?表示法?representative?a.典型的，表示的?reprioritize?变更优先顺序?reproduce?复制?reproducer?复穿孔机?request?请求?requester?请求器?require?需求?required?必需?requirement?需求?requisition?请求?requisitioner?请求者?reread?vt.重读?rerun?重新运行?resend?再送?reservation?保留?reserve?vt.保留，预定，预约?reserved?保留的?reset?复位?reside?vi.驻留?resident?驻留?residual?残留的?resistance?阻抗?resolution?分辨率?resolve?分辨?resolver?分解器?resource?资源?respect?n.遵守，关系?respectively?ad.分别地?respond?v.回答，响应?response?响应?responsibility?责任?rest?n.剩余，休息?restart?重新启动?restore?复原?restrict?vt.约束，限制?restricted?a.受限制的，受约束的?restricting?n.限制(的)?restriction?限制?restructure?vt.调整，重新组织?result?结果?resulting?a.结果的，合成的?resume?继续?resynchronization?再同步?retain?vt.保持，维持?retainer?定位器?retrace?重新跟踪?retransmit?重新发送?retrieval?检索?retrieve?检索?retry?重试?return?返回?returned?a.退回的?returns?报酬?reusable?可再用的?reuse?再使用?reversal?反向?reverse?反向?review?复查?revise?修订?revokable?可取消的?revoke?取消?revolutionize?vt.变革，彻底改革?rewind?回绕?rework?重做?rewrite?vt.重写，再生?RGB?红绿兰颜色表示法?rid?资源标识符?right?右?rights?权利?rigid?硬性的?ring?环?ringer?振铃器?RMFS?描绘机制和格式?robot?机器人?roll?卷动?roller?滚轮?room?n.房间，空间?root?根?rotary?旋转式?rotating?旋转?round?舍入?rounding?舍入?route?路径?router?路由程序?routine?例行程序?routing?路由选择?row?行?rule?n.规则，法则，尺?run?运行?running?a.运行着的，游动的?runtime?n.运行时间?S?启动／停止?safe?a.安全的，可靠的?safely?ad.安全地，确实地?safety?n.安全，保险?salary?n.发工资?sale?n.销售，销路?salvager?拯救者?same?a.同样的，相同的?sample?采样?sampling?采样?satisfy?满足?save?保存?saveset?保存集?saving?a.保存的?say?v.说，显示，假定?SBCS?单字节字符集?scalar?标量?scale?比例尺?scaling?比例转换?scan?扫描?scanline?扫描行?scanner?扫描器?scatter?分散?scattered?a.分散的?schedule?调度?scheduled?预定?scheduler?调度程序?schema?图解?scheme?n.方案，计划，图?scientific?科学的?scope?作用域?Scout?检索程序?scrap?报废?scratch?擦除?screen?屏幕?screenhelp?屏幕求助?screenmask?屏幕屏蔽区?screw?螺钉?scroll?滚动?scrolling?卷动?seal?封?seamless?a.无缝的?search?搜索?searching?n.搜索?seasonal?季节性的?second?n.秒，第二的?secondary?次级?section?部分?sector?扇区?secure?安全的?security?安全性?see?查看?seek?查找?segment?段?segmentation?分段?seismics?地震探测法?seldom?ad.不常，很少，难得?select?选择?selected?a.精选的?selecting?选择?selection?选择?selector?选择器?semantic?语义?semaphore?信号灯?semicolon?分号?send?发送?sender?发送人?sense?检测?sensitive?a.敏感的，灵敏的?sensitivity?灵敏度?sensor?传感器?sentence?句子?sentinel?标记?separate?v.各自的?separated?a.分开的?separately?ad.分别地?separator?分隔符?septet?七位字节?sequence?顺序?sequencing?定序?sequentially?ad.顺序地?serial?串行?serializability?串行?serialize?串行化?series?系列?serve?服务?server?服务器?service?服务?servicing?检修?session?阶段作业?set?设置?setgid?设置组标识符?setting?设置?Settings?设置选项?setuid?设置用户标识符?setup?设置?seven?n.七(个)?several?a.若干个，几个?severe?严重?severity?严重性?sextet?六位字节?shaded?阴影?shading?描影?shadow?阴影?shape?形状?share?共享?sheet?n.(图)表，纸，片?shell?外壳?shield?v.屏蔽，罩，防护?shift?移位?ship?装运?shipment?出货?shipping?装运?shmid?共享存储器标识符?short?短路?shortcut?n.近路，捷径?should?应该?Show?显示?showing?n.显示，表现?shredder?碎纸机?shut?v.关闭?shutdown?关机?sibling?兄弟?siblings?兄弟节点?side?一边?sign?正负号?signal?信号?signature?签名?signed?带正负号?significance?有效?significand?有效位数?significant?a.有效的，有意义的?significantly?显著地?similar?a.相似的?simple?简单的?simplex?单工的?simply?ad.简单地，单纯地?simulate?模拟?simulation?模拟?simulator?模拟器?simultaneous?同时的?since?prep.自从...以来?sine?正弦?single?单个?sit?v.位于，安装?site?位置?situation?n.情况，状况，势态?six?n.六(个)(的)?size?大小?skeleton?骨架?skew?偏斜?skewness?偏斜度?skill?n.技巧?skip?跳跃?skulk?躲藏?slash?斜线?slave?从属?slice?片?slide?滑动导轨?slider?滑动器?slot?槽?slow?a.慢速的?slowly?ad.缓慢地?small?小?smooth?v.平滑的?smoothing?平滑?smudge?污迹?snapshot?抽点打印?so?pron.如此,这样?social?a.社会的?socket?插座?soft?a.软的?software?软件?solely?ad.独自，单独，只?solid?固态的?solution?n.解，解法，解答?solve?解决?somewhat?pron.稍微，有点?sonar?声纳?sort?分类?sorter?分类程序?sound?n.声音，音响?sounding?a.发声的?source?源?space?空间?spare?备用?speaker?扬声器?special?特殊的?specialize?v.(使)专门化?specific?特定?specifically?ad.特别地，逐一地?specification?规范?specifiers?说明符?specify?指定?speech?n.说话，言语，语音?speed?速度?spell?v.拼写?spelling?拼写?spill?v.漏出，溢出，漏失?spindle?轴?split?分割?splitting?n.分区[裂]?spontaneous?自发的?spool?假脱机?spooler?假脱机程序?spooling?假脱机?spread?v.展开，传播?spring?弹簧?sprite?子画面?SQL?结构化查询语言?square?n.方形的?squeeze?v.挤压?stability?稳定性?stabilizer?稳定器?stable?稳定的?stack?堆栈?stacker?接卡箱?stage?阶段?staging?登台?stamp?n.图章?stand?v.处于(状态)，保持?standard?标准?standardize?标准化?standby?待用?stanza?节?star?n.星形，星号?start?开始?Startable?关机后再启动?starting?a.起始的?startup?启动?state?状态?stated?a.规定的?statement?语句?static?静态的?staticizer?静态转换器?station?站?stationary?a.静止的，平稳的?statistical?统计的?statistics?统计学?status?状态?stay?v.停止，停留?step?步骤?sticky?粘连的?still?a.静?v.平静?stipple?点画?stockout?无存货?stockroom?库房?stop?停止?stopping?n.停止，制动(状态)?storage?存储器?store?存储?storeroom?贮藏室?stream?流?streaming?流型的?stride?跨越?strike?v.敲，击?string?字符串?stroke?笔划?strong?a.强的?struct?结构?structural?a.结构的，结构上的?structure?结构?stub?抽头?stuff?n.装入?style?形式?stylus?指示笔?subaddress?子地址?subassembly?次装配?subchannel?子通道?subclass?子类?subcommand?子命令?subcomponent?子部件?subconsole?副控制台?subcontractor?分包商?subdirectory?子目录?subfield?子字段?subfile?子文件?subgroup?n.分组，子群?subheading?次标题?subheap?子堆?subject?n.主题，源?subloop?子回路?submenu?子菜单?submission?提交?submit?提交?submode?子方式?subnet?子网?subnetwork?子网?subobject?子目标?subordinate?附属?subpart?子部件?subpattern?子模式?subprocess?子进程?subprogram?子程序?subproject?子项目?subqueue?子队列?subroutine?子程序?subscribe?签署?subscriber?用户?subscript?下标?subsequent?a.后来的，其次的?subsequently?ad.其后，其次，按着?subserver?子服务?subset?子集?subshell?子外壳?substantial?a.实质的，真正的?substantially?ad.实质上，本质上?substitute?替代?substitution?替代?substring?子串?subsystem?子系统?subtask?子任务?subtotal?分合计?subtrahend?减数?subtree?子树?subtype?子类型?subunit?子单元?successful?成功的?succession?n.逐次性，连续性?successive?a.逐次的，相继的?successor?后续?such?a.这样的，如此?sufficient?足够的?suffix?后缀?suggest?vt.建议，提议，暗示?suggestion?n.暗示，提醒?suitable?a.适合的，相适宜的?sum?和数?summarize?概述?summary?摘要?sun?n.太阳，日?superblock?超级块?supercalss?超类?superclass?超类?superclient?超级客户?superimpose?vt.重叠，叠加?superobject?超对象?superscalar?超标量?superscript?上标?superset?超集?superuser?超级用户?supervisor?管理程序?supplier?供应商?supplies?用品?supply?vt.电源，供给?support?支持?supporters?支持单元?suppose?v.假定，推测?supposed?a.假定的，推测的?suppress?抑制?suppressed?vt.抑制，取消?suppression?抑制?sure?确认?surface?表面?surrounding?a.周围的，环绕的?survey?勘测?suspend?暂停?suspension?n.暂停，中止，挂起?swab?棉签?swap?交换?swapping?交换?switch?开关?switching?开关?syllable?音节?symbol?符号?symmetric?对称?symptom?症状?synchronization?同步化?synchronize?v.使同步?synchronous?同步的?syndetic?连接的?synergic?协作的?synonym?同义词?syntactical?语法的?syntax?语法?system?系统?tab?跳位、标签?table?表?tablespace?表空间?tablet?图形输入板?tabulate?制表?tabulator?制表机?tachometer?转速计?tag?标记?tailgate?尾板?tailor?剪裁?take?v.取，拿?talent?n.才能，技能，人才?talk?v.通话，谈话?tape?磁带?target?目标?tariff?定价表?task?任务?tasking?任务?teach?v.教，讲授?team?n.队，小组?technical?a.技术的，专业的?technology?n.工艺，技术，制造学?telecommunication?远程通信?telegraph?电报?telemeter?遥测计?telephone?电话?teleprinter?电传打印机?teleprocessing?远程处理?teletype?电传打字机?teletypewriter?电传打字机?Telex?用户电报?tell?n.讲，说，教，计算?template?模板?temporarily?ad.暂时?temporary?临时?tension?n.张力?term?项?terminal?终端?terminals?终止节点?terminate?终止?terminating?n.终止，终结，收信?termination?端接?terminator?端接器?terminology?术语?terms?付款条件?ternary?三进制的?test?测试?testpoint?测试点?text?文本?textport?文本口?texture?纹理?then?然后?thereafter?ad.此后，据此?therefore?ad.因此，所以?thesaurus?词库?thickness?厚度?think?v.考虑，以为，判断?third?a.第三，三分之一?this?此?though?conj.虽然，尽管?thousand?n.(一)千，无数的?thrashing?系统颠簸?thread?线程?three?a.三(的)?threshold?阈值?through?prep.通过，直通?throughout?prep.贯穿，整，遍?throughput?吞吐量?throw?废弃?tick?滴答?ticket?票券?tilde?波浪字符?Tile?阶式?tilt?倾斜?time?时间?timeout?超时?timer?计时器?times?n.次数?timeslicing?时间片?timing?定时?tiny?a.微小的，微量的?tip?倾斜?title?标题?today?n.今天?together?ad.一同，共同，相互?toggle?双向开关?token?令牌?tolerance?容错?tone?n.音调，音色，色调?toner?增色剂?tool?工具?Toolkit?工具箱?top?顶部?topic?题目?topology?拓扑学?tornado?n.旋风，龙卷风?total?总计?touch?接触?toward?prep.朝(着..方向)?tower?塔形?trace?跟踪?traceback?追溯?tracepoint?跟踪点?track?磁道?trademark?注册商标?traditional?a.传统的，惯例的?traffic?通信量?trailer?尾部?trailing?n.尾随的?train?字列?transaction?事务?transceiver?收发器?transcribe?转录?transcriber?转录器?transcript?副本?transducer?变换器?transfer?传送?transform?变换?transformation?变换?transformer?变压器?transient?瞬时?transition?转移?translate?翻译?translation?翻译?translator?转换器?transliterate?直译?transmission?传输?transmit?发送?transmitter?发送器?transparency?透明性?transparent?透明?transport?传送?transportable?可传送的?trap?自陷?traversal?遍历?traverse?v.横渡，横过，横断?tray?托盘?treat?v.处理，加工?treble?高音?tree?树?trend?趋势?trigger?触发器?triplet?三位字节?trouble?n.故障?true?a.真，实，选中?truncate?截断?trunk?总线?try?尝试?trying?a.费劲的，困难的?tube?管子?tuning?调整?tuple?元组?turn?v.圈，匝?turnaround?周转?turning?a.转弯的，旋转的?turnkey?n.总控钥匙?turnover?周转?turquoise?青绿色?tutorial?指导的?twentieth?n.第二十(的)?twice?n.两次，两倍于?twinaxial?双轴?twist?扭曲?two?n.二，两，双?type?类型?typeface?铅字样?typefont?字体?typewriter?n.打字机?typical?a.典型的，标准的?UI?用户界面接口?umlaut?元音变音?unable?无法?Unassign?解除指定?unattached?不连接的?unattended?无人照管?unavailable?a.不能利用的?unbind?切断?unblock?解块?unblocked?非块式?unchanged?a.不变的?unclassified?非保密?unconfigure?无配置?undefine?未定义?undefined?a.未定义的?under?prep.在..下面(之下)?underflow?下溢?underline?下划线?underload?负荷不足?underlying?a.基础的，根本的?underscore?下划线?undershipment?出货不足?understand?v.懂，明白(了)，理解?understanding?n.了解的，聪明的?undesirable?　a.不合乎需要的?undo?取消?undone?a.未完成的?unescaped?非转义?unexport?非输出?unformat?未定格式?unformatted?a.无格式的?unfortunately?ad.不幸，遗憾地?union?联合?unique?唯一的?unit?单元?university?n.(综合性)大学?unknown?a.未知的，无名的?unlabled?无标号的?unless?conj.除非?unlike?a.不象的，不同的?unlink?解链?unload?卸出?unloaded?已卸载?unlock?解锁?unmark?取消标记?unmarked?a.没有标记的?unmarshal?数据编出?unmarshalling?数据编出?unmirror?取消镜象?unmount?卸下?unnecessary?a.不必要的，多余的?unpack?拆开?unpredictable?不可预测?unrecognized?a.未被认出的?unsave?v.?不储存?unshift?v.未移动，不移档?unsigned?a.无符号的?unsuccessful?a.不成功的，失败的?until?prep.到..为止，直到?unused?a.不用的，空着的?unviewable?不可视?unwanted?a.不需要的，多余的?up?向上?upcall?上叫?update?更新?updated?a.适时的，更新的?upgrade?升级?upload?上载?upon?prep.依据，遵照?upper?a.上的，上部的?uppercase?n.大写字母?upserver?更新服务器?upstream?上游?usage?n.应用，使用，用法?use?使用?useful?a.有用的?useless?a.无用的?user?用户?userid?用户标识符?usertime?用户时间?usually?ad.通常，平常，一般?utility?实用程序?utilization?使用率?vacuum?真空?valid?有效的?validate?验证?validation?验证?validity?有效性?valuable?a.有价值的，贵重的?valuator?定值器?value?值?variable?变量?variance?方差?variant?变体?variety?n.变化，种类，品种?various?各种的?vary?转换?varying?a.变化的，可变的?VCR?录像机?vector?向量?vendor?供应商?verb?动词?verification?验证?verifier?校对机?verify?验证?version?版本?vertical?垂直的?vertically?ad.竖直地，直立地?VGA?视频图形适配器?via?prep.经过，经由?vice?n.缺点，毛病，错误?video?视频?videodisc?影碟?view?显示方式?viewable?可视?viewport?观察口?violate?vt.违犯，妨碍，破坏?violation?违反?virtual?虚拟的?virtually?ad.实际上?visibility?可见性?visible?可见的?visitor?访问器?visual?视觉的?vital?a.生动的，不可缺少的?vocabulary?词汇表?vocoder?声码器?void?空?volatile?易失的?volatility?变更率?volt?伏?voltage?电压?volume?音量?vowel?n.元音，母音?wafer?圆片?wait?等待?waiting?a.等待的?want?v.需要，应该，缺少?ware?n.仪器，商品?warehouse?仓库?warn?vt.警告，警戒，预告?warning?警告?warranty?n.保证(书)，授权?watch?n.监视，观测?Watchpoint?检测点?watertight?不漏水的?watt?瓦?waveform?波形?way?n.路线，途径，状态?weatherproof?不受气候影响的?week?周?weight?权?welcome?vt.欢迎?well?n.好，良好?whatever?pron.无论什么?when?当?whenever?ad.随时?whereas?conj.面，其实，既然?whether?conj.无论，不管?whichever?a.无论哪个?whole?整个?wick?油心?widening?扩大?width?宽度?wildcard?通配符?will?将?window?窗口?windowing?开窗口?wire?导线?wiring?接线?withdraw?撤回?within?prep.在..以内?without?prep.没有，在..以外?word?n.著名文字编辑软件?wordperfect?n.一种曾经最流行的文字编辑软件?work?工作?Workarea?工作区?workday?工作日?workgroup?工作组?workshop?实习?workstation?工作站?wrap?环绕?write?写入?writemask?写屏蔽?writer?写入器?year?年?zap?v.迅速离去，击溃?zero?n.零，零位，零点?zeroize?填零?zip?邮递区号?zone?区?zoom?v.变焦距?

一百个绝佳句型????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)1.i’m?an?office?worker.?我是上班族。?2.i?work?for?the?government.?我在政府机关做事。?3.i’m?happy?to?meet?you.?很高兴见到你。?4.i?like?your?sense?of?humor.?我喜欢你的幽默感。?5.i’m?glad?to?see?you?again.?很高兴再次见到你。?6.i’ll?call?you.?我会打电话给你。?7.i?feel?like?sleeping/?taking?a?walk.?我想睡/散步。?8.i?want?something?to?eat.?我想吃点东西。?9.i?need?your?help.?我需要你的帮助。?10.i?would?like?to?talk?to?you?for?a?minute.?我想和你谈一下。?11.i?have?a?lot?of?problems.?我有很多问题。?12.i?hope?our?dreams?come?true.?我希望我们的梦想成真。?13.i’m?looking?forward?to?seeing?you.?我期望见到你。?14.i’m?supposed?to?go?on?a?diet?/?get?a?raise.?我应该节食/涨工资。?15.i?heard?that?you’re?getting?married.?congratulations.听说你要结婚了，恭喜！?16.i?see?what?your?mean.?我了解你的意思。?17.i?can’t?do?this.?我不能这么做。?18.let?me?explain?why?i?was?late.?让我解释迟到的理由。?19.let’s?have?a?beer?or?something.?咱们喝点啤酒什么的。?20.where?is?your?office??你们的办公室在哪？?21.what?is?your?plan??你的计划是什么？?22.when?is?the?store?closing??这家店什么时候结束营业？?23.are?you?sure?you?can?come?by?at?nine??你肯定你九点能来吗？?24.am?i?allowed?to?stay?out?past?10??我可以十点过后再回家吗？?25.the?meeting?was?scheduled?for?two?hours,?but?it?is?now?over?yet.?会议原定了两个小时，不过现在还没有结束。?26.tom’s?birthday?is?this?week.?汤姆的生日就在这个星期。?27.would?you?care?to?see?it/?sit?down?for?a?while??你要不要看/坐一会呢？?28.can?you?cover?for?me?on?friday/help?me/?tell?me?how?to?get?there??星期五能不能????请你替我个班/你能帮我吗/你能告诉我到那里怎么走吗？?29.could?you?do?me?a?big?favor??能否请你帮我个忙？?30.he?is?crazy?about?crazy?english.?他对疯狂英语很着迷。?31.can?you?imagine?how?much?he?paid?for?that?car?你能想象他买那车花了多少钱吗？?32.can?you?believe?that?i?bought?a?tv?for?$25??33.did?you?know?he?was?having?an?affair/cheating?on?his?wife??你知道他有外遇了吗？/欺骗他的妻子吗？?34.did?you?hear?about?the?new?project??你知道那个新项目吗？?35.do?you?realize?that?all?of?these?shirts?are?half?off??你知道这些衬衫都卖半价了吗？?36.are?you?mind?if?i?take?tomorrow?off??你介意我明天请假吗？?37.i?enjoy?working?with?you?very?much.?我很喜欢和你一起工作。?38.did?you?know?that?stone?ended?up?marrying?his?secretary??你知道吗？斯通最终和他的秘书结婚了。?39.let’s?get?together?for?lunch.?让我们一起吃顿午餐吧。?40.how?did?you?do?on?your?test?　你这次考试的结果如何？?41.do?you?think?you?can?come??你认为你能来吗？?42.how?was?your?weekend???你周末过得怎么样？?43.here?is?my?card.?这是我的名片。?44.he?is?used?to?eating?out?all?the?time.?他已经习惯在外面吃饭了。?45.i’m?getting?a?new?computer?for?birthday?present.?我得到一台电脑作生日礼物。?46.have?you?ever?driven?a?bmw??你有没有开过“宝马”？?47.how?about?if?we?go?tomorrow?instead??我们改成明天去怎么样？?48.how?do?you?like?hong?kong??你喜欢香港吗？?49.how?do?you?want?your?steak??你的牛排要几分熟？?50.how?did?the?game?turn?out??球赛结果如何？?51.how?did?mary?make?all?of?her?money??玛丽所有的钱是怎么赚到的？?52.how?was?your?date??你的约会怎么样？?53.how?are?you?doing?with?your?new?boss??你跟你的新上司处得如何？?54.how?should?i?tell?him?the?bad?news??我该如何告诉他这个坏消息？?55.how?much?money?did?you?make?　你赚了多少钱？?56.how?much?does?it?cost?to?go?abroad??出国要多少钱？?57.how?long?will?it?take?to?get?to?your?house??到你家要多久？?58.how?long?have?you?been?here?　你在这里多久了？?59.how?nice/pretty/cold/funny/stupid/boring/interesting.?60.how?about?going?out?for?dinner??出去吃晚餐如何？?61.i’m?sorry?that?you?didn’t?get?the?job.?很遗憾，你没有得到那份工作。?62.i’m?afraid?that?it’s?not?going?to?work?out.?我恐怕这事不会成的。?63.i?guess?i?could?come?over.?我想我能来。?64.is?it?okay?to?smoke?in?the?office??在办公室里抽烟可以吗？?65.it?was?kind?of?exciting.?有点剌激。?66.i?know?what?you?want.?我知道你想要什么。?67.is?that?why?you?don’t?want?to?go?home??这就是你不想回家的原因吗？?68.i’m?sure?we?can?get?you?a?great?/?good?deal.?我很肯定我们可以帮你做成一笔好交易。?69.would?you?help?me?with?the?report??你愿意帮我写报告吗？?70.i?didn’t?know?he?was?the?richest?person?in?the?world.我不知道他是世界上最有钱的人。?71.i’ll?have?to?ask?my?boss/wife?first.我必须先问一下我的老板/老婆。?72.i?take?it?you?don’t?agree.?这么说来，我认为你是不同意。?73.i?tried?losing?weight,?but?nothing?worked.?我曾试着减肥，但是毫无效果。?74.it?doesn’t?make?any?sense?to?get?up?so?early.那么早起来没有任何意义。?75.it?took?years?of?hard?work?to?speak?good?english.?讲一口流利的英语需要多年的刻苦操练。?76．it?feels?like?spring/?i’ve?been?here?before.?感觉好象春天到了/我以前来过这里。?77．i?wonder?if?they?can?make?it.?我在想他们是不是能办得到。　?78．it’s?not?as?cold?/?hot?as?it?was?yesterday.?今天不想昨天那么冷/热。?79.it’s?not?his?work?that?bothers?me;?it’s?his?attitude.?困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。?80.it?sounds?like?you?enjoyed?it.?听起来你好象蛮喜欢的。?81.it?seems?to?me?that?be?would?like?to?go?back?home.?我觉得他好象想要回家。?82.it?looks?very?nice.?看起来很漂亮。?83.is?everything?under?control??一切都在掌握之中吗？?84.i?thought?you?could?do?a?better?job.?我以为你的表现会更好。?85.it’s?time?for?us?to?say?“no”?to?america.?是我们对美国说不的时候了。?86.the?show?is?supposed?to?be?good.?这场表演应当是相当好的。?87.it?really?depends?on?who?is?in?charge.?那纯粹要看谁负责了。?88.it?involves?a?lot?of?hard?work.?那需要很多的辛勤工作。?89.that?might?be?in?your?favor.?那可能对你有利。?90.i?didn’t?realize?how?much?this?meant?to?you.?我不知道这对你的意义有这么大。?91.i?didn’t?mean?to?offend?you.?我不是故意冒犯你。?92.i?was?wondering?if?you?were?doing?anything?this?weekend.?我想知道这个周末你有什么要做。?93.may?i?have?your?attention.,?please??请大家注意一下。?94.this?is?great?golfing?/?swimming/?picnic?weather.?这是个打高尔夫球/游泳/野餐的好天气。?95.thanks?for?taking?me?the?movie.?谢谢你带我去看电影。?96.i?am?too?tired?to?speak.?我累得说不出活来。?97.would?you?tell?me?your?phone?number??你能告诉我你的电话号码吗？?98.where?did?you?learn?to?speak?english??你从哪里学会说英语的呢？?99.there?is?a?tv?show?about?aids?on?right?now.?电视正在播放一个关于爱滋病的节目。?100.what?do?you?think?of?his?new?job/?this?magazine??你对他的新工作/这本杂志看法如何？

李阳英语365句????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)1.absolutely.(用于答话）是这样;当然是;正是如此;绝对如此。2.absolutely impossible!绝对不可能的！3.all i have to do is learning english.我所要做的就是学英语。4.are you free tomorrow?你明天有空吗?5.are you married?你结婚了吗？6.are you used to the food here?你习惯吃这儿的饭菜吗？7.be careful.小心／注意。8.be my guest.请便／别客气。9.better late than never.迟到总比不到好。10.better luck next time.祝你下一次好运。11.better safe than sorry.小心不出大错。12.can i have a day off?我能请一天假吗？13.can i help?要我帮忙吗？14.can i take a message?要我传话吗？15.can i take a rain check?你能改天再请我吗？16.can i take your order?您要点菜吗？17.can you give me a wake-up call?你能打电话叫醒我吗？18.can you give me some feedback?你能给我一些建议吗？19.can you make it？你能来吗？20.can i have a word with you?我能跟你谈一谈吗？21.cath me later.过会儿再来找我。22.cheer up!高兴起来！振作起来！23.come in and make yourself at home.请进，别客气。24.could i have the bill,please?请把账单给我好吗？25.could you drop me off at the airport?你能载我到飞机场吗？26.could you speak slower?你能说得慢一点吗？27.could you take a picture for me?你能帮我拍照吗？28.did you enjoy your flight?你的飞行旅途愉快吗？29.did you have a good day today?你今天过得好吗?30.did you have an ice holiday?你假期过得愉快吗？31.did you have fun？你玩得开心吗？32.dinner is on me.晚饭我请客。33.do you have a room available?你们有空房间吗？34.do you have any hobbies?你有什么爱好？35.do you have some change?你有零钱吗？36.do you mind my smoking?你介意我抽烟吗？37.do you often workout?你经常锻炼身体吗？38.do you speak english?你会说英语吗？39.don't be somodest.别这么谦虚。40.don't bother.不用麻烦了。41.don't get me wrong.别误会我。42.don't give up.别放弃。43.don't jump to conclusions.不要急于下结论。44.don't let me down.别让我失望。45.don't make any mistakes.别出差错。46.don't mention it.不必客气。47.don't miss the boat.不要坐失良机。48.don't take any chances.不要心存侥幸。49.don't take it for granted.不要想当然。50.don't worry about it.别担心。51.easy come,easy go.来得容易，去得快。52.enjoy your meal.请慢慢享用吧。53.easier said than done.说是容易做时难。54.first come,first served.捷足先登。55.for here or to go?再这儿吃还是带走？56.forget it.算了吧。57.forgive me.请原谅我。58.give me a call.给我打电话。59.give my best to your family.代我向你们全家问好。60.have him return my call.让他给我回电话。61.have you ever been to japan?你去过日本吗？62.have you finished yet?你做完了吗？63.have you got any thing larger?有大一点儿的吗？64.have you got that?你明白我的意思吗？65.have you heard from mary?你收到玛丽的来信吗？66.he is in conference.他正在开会。67.help yourself,please.请自己用。68.hold your horses.耐心点儿。69.how can i get in touch with you?我怎样能跟你联络上？70.how do i look?我看上去怎么样？71.how is it going?情况怎么样？72.how late are you open?你们营业到几点？73.how long did it last?持续了多久？74.how long will it take me to get there?到那儿要多长时间？75.how much is it?多少钱？76.how often do you eat out?你个多就在外面吃一次饭？77.i apologize.我很抱歉。78.i appreciate your invitation.感谢你的邀请。79.i as sure you.我向你保证。80.i bet you can.我确信你能做到。81.i can manage.我自己可以应付。82.i can't afford it.我买不起。83.i can't believe it.我简直不敢相信。84.i can't resist the temptation.我不能抵挡诱惑。85.i can't stand it.我受不了。86.i can't tell.我说不准。87.i couldn't agree more.我完全同意。88.i couldn't get through.我打不通电话。89.i couldn't help it.我没有办法。90.i didn't mean to.我不是故意的。91.i don't know for sure.我不能肯定。92.i enjoy your company.我喜欢有你做伴。93.i enjoyed it very much.我非常喜欢。94.i envy you.我羡慕你。95.i feel like having some dumplings.我很想吃饺子。96.i feel terrible about it.太对不起了。97.i feel the same way.我也有同感。98.i have a complaint.我要投诉。99.i have nothing to do with it.那与我无关。100.i haven't the slightest idea.我一点儿都不知道。101.i hope you'll forgive me.我希望你能原谅我。102.i know the feeling.我知道那种感觉。103.i mean what i say.我说话算数。104.i owe you one.我欠你一个人情。105.i really regret it.我真的非常后悔。106.i suppose so.我想是这样。107.i thought so,too.我也这样以为。108.i understand completely.我完全明白。109.i want to report a theft.我要报一宗盗窃案。110.i want to reserve a room.我想预定一个房间。111.i was just about to call you.我正准备打电话给你。112.i was moved.=i was touched.我很受感动。113.i wasn't aware of that.我没有意识到。114.i wasn't born yesterday.我又不是三岁小孩。115.i wish i could.但愿我能。116.i wouldn' tworry about it,if i were you.如果我是你，我就不会担心。117.i'd like a refund.我想要退款。118.i'd like to deposit some money.我想存点儿钱。119.i'd like to make a reservation.我想订票。120.i'll be right with you.我马上就来。121.i'll check it.我去查一下。122.i'll do my best.我将会尽我最大努力。123.i'll get it.我去接电话。124.i'll give you a hand.我来帮助你。125.i'll have to see about that.这事儿我得想一想再定。126.i'll keep my eyes open.我会留意的。127.i'll keep that in mind.我会记住的。128.i'll pick up the tab.我来付帐。129.i'll play it by ear.我将随兴而定。130.i'll see what i can do.我看一看能怎么办。131.i'll show you.我指给你看。132.i'll take care of it.我来办这件事。133.i'll take it.我要了。134.i'll take your advice.我接受你的忠告。135.i'll think it over.我仔细考虑一下。136.i'll treat you to diner.我想请你吃晚饭。137.i'll walk you to the door.我送你到门口。138.i'm broke.我身无分文。139.i'm crazy about english.我非常喜欢英语。140.i'm easy to please.我很随和。141.i'm glad to heart hat.听到这消息我很高兴。142.i'm glad you enjoyed it.你喜欢我就高兴。143.i'm good at it.我做这个很在行。144.i'm in a good mood.我现在心情很好。145.i'm in good shape.我的身体状况很好。146.i'm just having a look.我只是随便看看。147.i'm looking for a part-time job.我正在找兼职工作。148.i'm looking forward to it.我盼望着这件事。149.i'm lost.我给搞糊涂了。150.i'm not feeling well.我感觉不舒服。151.i'm not myself today.我今天心神不宁。152.i'm not really sure.我不太清楚。153.i'm on a diet.我正在节食。154.i'm on my way.我这就上路。155.i'm pressed for time.我赶时间。156.i'm sorry i'm late.对不起，我迟到了。157.i'm sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到很遗憾。158.i'm under a lot of pressure.我的压力很大。159.i'm working on it.我正在努力。160.i've changed my mind.我已经改变主意。161.i've got a headache.我头痛。162.i've got my hands full.我手头正忙。163.i've got news for you.我要告诉你一个好消息。164.i've got no idea.我不知道。165.i've had enough.我已经吃饱了。166.if i were in your shoes.如果我站在你的立场上。167.is that ok?这样可以吗？168.is this seat taken?这位子有人坐吗？169.it all depends.视情形而定。170.it can happen to anyone.这事可能发生在任何人身上。171.it doesn't make any difference.都一样。172.it doesn't matter to me.这对我来说无所谓。173.it doesn't work.它出故障了。174.it drives me crazy.他使我快要发疯了。175.it isn't much.这是微不足道的。176.it really comes in handy.有了它真是方便。177.it slipped my mind.我不留神忘了。178.it takes time.这需要时间。179.it will come to me.我会想起来的。180.it will do you good.这会对你有好处。181.it won't happen again.下不为例。182.it won't take much time.不会发很多时间的。183.it won't work.行不通。184.it's nice meeting you.很高兴认识你。185.it's a deal.一言为定。186.it's a long story.真是一言难尽。187.it's a nice day today.今天天气很好。188.it's a once in a lifetime chance.这是一生难得的机会。189.it's a pain in the neck.这真是苦不堪言。190.it's a piece of cake.这很容易。191.it's a small world.这世界真小。192.it's a waste of time.这是浪费时间。193.it's about time.时间差不多了／是时候了。194.it's all my fault.都是我的错。195.it's awesome.棒极了。196.it's awful.真糟糕。197.it's been a long time.好久不见。198.it's better than nothing.总比没有好。199.it's essential.这是必要的。200.it's hard to say.很难说。201.it's incredible.令人难以置信／不可思议。202.it's just what i had in mind.这正是我想要的。203.it's my pleasure.这是我的荣幸。204.it's no big deal.这没什么大不了的。205.it's not your fault.不是你的错。206.it's nothing.小事情／不足挂齿。207.it's only a matter of time.这只是时间问题。208.it's out of the question.这是不可能的。209.it's time for dinner.该吃晚饭了。210.it's up in the air.尚未决定。211.it's up to date.这个很时兴。212.it's up to you.一切由你决定。213.it's very popular.他很受欢迎。214.it's worth seeing.它绝对值得一看。215.just let it be.就这样吧。216.just to be on the safe side.为安全起见。217.keep the change.不用找了。218.keep up the good work.再接再厉。219.keep your fingers crossed.为成功祈祷吧。220.kill two birds with ones tone.一举两得。221.let me get back to you.我过一会儿打给你吧。222.let me guess.让我猜一猜。223.let me put it this way.让我这么说吧。224.let me see.让我想一想。225.let's call it a day.我们今天就到这儿吧。226.let's celebrate!让我们好好庆祝一下吧！227.let's find out.我们去问一下吧。228.let's get to the point.让我们言归正传。229.let's get together some time.有时间我们聚一下吧。230.let's hope for the best.让我们往好处想吧。231.let's keep in touch.让我们保持联系。232.let's make up.让我们言归于好吧。233.let's go visit them.让我们去拜访他们吧。234.let's talk over dinner.我们边吃边谈吧。235.long time no see.好久不见。236.look before you leap.三思而后行。237.may i ask you a question?我可以问一个问题吗？238.may i have a receipt?我可以要一张收据吗？239.may i have your name,please?请问你叫什么名字？240.may i pay by credit card?我可以用信用卡付款吗？241.may i try it on?我能试穿一下吗？242.may be it will work.也许这个办法会有效。243.may be some other time.也许下一次吧。244.my mouth is watering.我在流口水了。245.my phone was out of order.我的电话坏了。246.no pain,no gain.不劳则无获。247.no problem.没问题。248.nothing is impossible to a willing heart.心之所愿，无事不成。249.pain past is pleasure.过去的痛苦即是快乐。250.please accept my apology.请接受我的道歉。251.please don't blame yourself.请不要责怪你自己。252.please leave me alone.请别打扰我。253.please let me know.请告诉我一声。254.please make yourself at home.请别客气。255.please show me the menu.请把菜单给我。256.probably.可能吧。257.so far,so good.到目前为止还好。258.something must be done about it.必须得想个办法。259.something's come up.发生了一些事。260.storms make trees take deeper roots.风暴使树木深深扎根。261.suit yourself.随你便。262.take care.请多保重。263.take it or leave it.要不要由你。264.take my word for it.相信我的话。265.take your time.慢慢来。266.thank you all the same.不管怎样还是要谢谢你。267.thank you for everything.感谢你做的一切。268.thanks a million.非常感谢。269.thanks for the warning.谢谢你的提醒。270.thanks for your cooperation.多谢合作。271.that couldn't be better.那再好不过了。272.that depends.看情况。273.that makes sense.那可以理解。274.that reminds me.那可提醒我了。275.that rings a bell.我总算想起来了。276.that sounds like a good idea.那听上去是个好主意。277.that's all right.没关系。278.that's disgusting.真讨厌。279.that's fair.那样公平。280.that's for sure.那是肯定的。281.that's good to know.幸好知道了这件事。282.that's just what i was thinking.我也是这么想的。283.that's life.这就是生活。284.that's more like it.那样才像话。285.that's not a problem.那没问题。286.that's not true.那是不对的。287.that's ok.可以。288.that's ridiculous.那太荒唐了。289.that's the way i look at it,too.我也是这么想。290.that's the way it is.就是这么回事。291.that's worth while.那是值得的。292.the same to you.你也一样。293.the shortest answer is doing.最简短的回答是干。294.the sooner,the better.愈快愈好。295.there is a call for you.有你的电话。296.there is no doubt about it.那是毫无疑问的。297.there is nothing i can do.我无能为力。298.there's a possibility.有这个可能。299.these things happen all the time.这是常有的事。300.this soup tastes great.这个汤非常美味。301.time is money.时间就是金钱。302.tomorrow never comes.莫依赖明天。303.two heads are better than one.人多智广。304.we are in the same boat.我们的处境相同。305.we can get by.我们过得去。306.we can work it out.我们可以解决这个问题。307.we have a lot in common.我们有很多相同之处。308.we'll see.再说吧。309.what a coincidence!真是太巧了！310.what a shame!真是遗憾！311.what are you up to?你在忙什么呢？312.what are you talking about?你在说什么?313.what are your plans for the weekend?你周末计划做什么？314.what can i do for you?要我帮忙吗？315.what do you do for relaxation?你做什么消遣？316.what do you recommend?你推荐什么？317.what do you think of my new car?你觉得我的新车怎么样？318.what do you think of it?你觉得怎么样？319.what is it about?这是关于什么的？320.what is it like there?那儿怎么样？321.what makes you say so?你怎么这么说？322.what's going on?发生什么事了？323.what's on your mind?你在想什么呢？324.what's the deadline?截止到什么时候？325.what'sthematterwithyou？你怎么啦？326.what's the purpose of your visit？你来访的目的是什么？327.what's the weather like?天气怎么样？328.what's your favorite food?你最喜欢的食物是什么？329.what's your job?你做什么工作？330.what ever you think is fine with me.我随你。331.when is the most convenient time for you?你什么时候最方便？332.when will it be ready?什么时候能准备好？333.where are you going?你去哪儿？334.where can i check in?在那儿办理登记手续?335.where can i go for help?我该怎么办？336.where do you live?你住在哪儿？337.where have you been?你去哪儿了？338.where is the rest room,please?请问洗手间在哪儿？339.where were we?我们说到哪儿了？340.who is in charge here?这里谁负责？341.would you care for a drink?你要不要来点儿喝的？342.would you do me a favor?你能帮我一个忙吗？343.you are just saying that.你只是说说而已。344.you are kidding.你开玩笑吧。345.you are so considerate.你真有心。346.you can count on me.你可以指望我。347.you can say that again.我同意。348.you can't complain.你该知足了。349.you deserve it.这是你应得的。350.you did a good job.你干得很好。351.you get what you pay for.一分钱一分货。352.you got a good deal.你买得真便宜。353.you need a vacation.你需要休息。354.you never know.世事难料。355.you said it.你算说对了。356.you should give it a try.你应该试一试。357.you should take advantage of it.你应该好好利用这个机会。358.you will be better off.你的状况会好起来的。359.you will have to wait and see.你得等一等看。360.you'll get used to it.你会习惯的。361.you've dialed the wrong number.你拨错电话号码了。362.you've got a point there.你说的有道理。363.you've got it.你明白了。364.you've made a good choice.你的眼力不错。365.your satisfaction is guaranteed.包你满意

托福听力常用短语????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)p.a.?(paper?ass)?没头脑的人?packed?like?sardines?拥挤得象沙丁鱼罐头一样?packed?snow?路上被踩过的雪?paddle?one's?own?canoe?独自闯出自己的前途?pain?in?the?neck?极讨厌的人或物?paint?the?town?red?疯狂地庆祝?particular?about?food?对食物很讲究?pass?away?过世?pass?out?昏倒;分发?pass?over?忽略?past?master?技艺精湛的人?pay?down?(分期付款)付头款?pay?one's?own?way?各自付费?pay?the?price?付出代价;得到报应?penny?for?your?thoughts.?告诉我你想什么?perhaps?some?other?day?改天吧.?Perish?the?thought!?打消这念头!?person?after?my?own?heart?他人的作为符合我的心意?pick?holes?挑毛病?pick?sb?out?看中某人?pick?up?一点点学习?pick-me-up?喝酒、汤等刺激一下神经?pipe?course?容易的课程或工作?pipe?down?安静些?plain?home?cooking?家常便饭?plain?sailing?一帆风顺;轻而易举之事?play?ball?with?与...合作?play?it?straight?诚实?play?truant?逃学?plenty?of?fish?in?the?sea?比喻多得很?plug?along?为生活而拼命工作?poorly?off?穷困潦倒?pot?calling?the?kettle?black?五十步笑百步?pour?oil?on?troubled?waters?平息事态?prices?are?soaring?物价飞涨?pull?a?long?face?拉长脸不悦?pull?a?long?oar?独自去作?pull?no?punches?不客气,动真格的?pull?off?成功;完成?pull?one's?leg?开某人的玩笑?pull?oneself?together?恢复镇定?pull?through?克服困难;恢复健康?push?one's?luck?在已有利情况下做多余冒险?put?an?end?to?结束?put?aside?储蓄?put?heads?together?一起商讨问题?put?heat?on?对某人要求严厉?put?it?on?the?cuff?赊帐?put?it?this?way?这样说;这样做?put?off?延期?put?on?a?show?假装给人家看?put?on?weight?胖了?put?one?out?of?the?way?杀某人?put?one's?foot?down?坚决反对?put?one's?foot?in?it?说错话?put?one's?foot?in?one's?mouth?说错话?put?one's?heart?and?soul?in?sth?全心全意做某事?put?sb?in?charge?of?让某人负责某事?put?sb?in?the?ring?和某人赛一场?put?that?in?one's?pipe?and?smoke?it?威胁别人好好想清楚?put?through?接通电话;做妥一件工作?put?up?举起;住宿?put?up?a?good?show?好好表现自己?put?up?with?忍受?put?your?best?foot?forward?尽量使你的仪容整洁?quality?work?细活儿?queer(strange)?fish?怪人?quit?smocking?戒烟?quite?all?right?没关系?rain?or?shine?不论晴雨?rainy?day?贫苦困难的日子?raise?hell?破口大骂?raise?the?roof?变得异常愤怒?really?something?了不起?red?tape?官样文章?red?tape?繁文缛节?reflect?on?回忆?regular?guy?好人,靠得住的人?released?from,?be?被释放;解脱?remember?sb?to?another?代某人问候别人?right?down?one's?alley?正好是某人所精通的?right?or?wrong?无论如何?right-hand?man?得力的助手?ring?a?bell?with?sb?使某人回忆起某事?road?hog?驾车乱抢路的人?rock?the?boat?破坏别人的计划;使遇到危险?roll?out?the?red?carpet?铺上红色地毯?rotten?to?the?core?腐烂透顶?rough?hours?读书时的艰苦生活?rough?sb?up?对某人粗卤?round-about?way?采用间接的方法?row?in?one?boat?从事相同事业;相同命运?royal?road?容易取得成功的捷径?rubber?check?空头支票?rubber?stamp?人云亦云的人?run?across?偶然碰见?run?down?撞倒;诋毁;破旧的?run?into?突然碰到某人?run?of?the?town?轰动一时的人?run?out?of?sth?用完?run?sb?out?of?the?town?把某人逐出市外?run?up?against?遇到?run?wild?到处跑?sad?dog?放荡的人;易闯祸的人?sad?news?餐厅的帐单?sail?under?false?colors?挂羊头卖狗肉;冒充?salt?of?the?earth(world)?社会中坚?same?old?stuff?陈旧货色?save?lots?of?grief?省掉许多麻烦?save?one's?breath?节省口舌?save?the?day?反败为胜;挽救了大局?save?up?储蓄?say?it?with?flowers?笑容可掬,细生细气?say?no?more.?别再说了.?Says?you!?你是胡扯!?scare?the?devil?out?of?sb?吓得魂不附体?scratch?sb?a?note?写封信给某人?screw-ball?有怪僻的人?search?me.?我不知道.?second?sight?超人的预见力?secret?sorrow?难言之隐?see?after?照顾?see?eye?to?eye?我们意见相同.?see?it?through?使某事顺利通过?see?my?point?了解;明白?see?off?送行?see?to?it?留心、细致地办好某事?see?you?around.?再见.?sell?like?hot?cakes?销售得很快?sell?sb?down?the?river?出卖某人?send?in?提出;交出?serve?sb?right?活该?service?station?加油站?set?about?考虑;留意?set?back?拖延?set?forth?说明?set?my?heart?on?对...倾心?set?the?world?on?fire?震惊天下?settle?down?安定?seventh?heaven?极乐世界?shake?a?leg?跳舞;赶快?shake?and?make?up?言归于好?Shame?on?you!?你真丢脸!?she's?a?smart?dresser.?她是一个注重服饰的人.?she's?been?two-timing?me.?她背着我和其他男人约会.?she's?got?it!?她迷倒了许多人.?she's?not?the?only?fish?in?the?sea.?她并不是世界上唯一的女人.?shed?of?领先?shedding?crocodile?tears?猫哭老鼠?sh*t?of?luck?倒霉?shoe?is?on?the?other?foot?今日不同往昔?show?off?炫耀?show?sb?the?ropes?传授秘诀?show?sb?the(back)?door?下逐客令?show?up?露面;出现;突出?sick?of,?be?讨厌?side?money?外快?side-kick?莫逆之交?sign?up?for?报名参加?sink?in?the?scale?降低?sitting?pretty?过着舒服的生活?sixes?and?sevens?乱七八糟?sixth?sense?第六感?size?up?打量?sleep?in?this?morning?睡个懒觉?slip?one's?memory?一时忘记?slow-poke?行动迟缓的人?slowly?but?surely?稳扎稳打?small?potato?小人物?smoke?like?a?chimney?烟鬼?smoke?o.p.b?吸别人的烟?snake?in?the?grass?隐藏的危险?snap?out?of?it?突然改变情绪;振作起来?snowed.?(学生)被一个问题弄糊涂.?so?that's?it?原来如此?So?what??那又怎么样??soft-soap?谄媚?somehow?or?other?莫名其妙地?sore?spot?伤心事,旧疮疤?sorry?to?have?kept?you?waiting.?抱歉,让您久等了.?sounds?just?like?看样子就象?speak?of?the?devil?说曹操曹操到?speak?the?same?language?志同道合?spell?out?sth?讲清楚?spill?the?beans?露马脚?spoil?the?show?演杂了?sports?bums?吃闲饭的球员?square?deal?公平交易?stab-in-the-back?business?暗箭伤人?stand?a?change?有机会嬴?stand?on?one's?own?feet?独立自主?stand?one?up?失约而使人白等?stand?one's?ground?一步也不退让?stand?sb?up?让某人空等一场?stand?up?for?sth?支持;拥护?standing?ovation?站起来热烈鼓掌?stay?away?from?滚开?stay?out?o.p.b?(other?people's?business)?不要管别人的闲事?stay?up?late?熬夜?steamed?up?怒火中烧?step?on?one's?toes?触怒某人?step?out?出外约会;暂时离开工作?sth?must?be?done?非马上采取点行动?sth?tells?me?我好象感觉?stick?around?在附近等着?stick?your?nose?into?让你忙着?stick-up?抢劫?stomach's?growling?肚子咕噜咕噜地响?stop?by?过来一会?stop?pulling?my?leg?不要开玩笑了?storm?in?a?teacup?大惊小怪?straight?from?the?horse's?mouth?据可靠消息?strike?out?删去;想出?string?sb?along?常常戏弄某人?stuffed?shirt?自命不凡的讨厌鬼?sugar?daddy?老色狼?sugar?report?情书?suit?one's?taste?合某人的胃口?Sunday?dress?最好的衣服?swelled?head?骄傲自大?switch?off?关掉?swith?majors?转系?take?a?back?seat?处于默默无闻的地位?take?a?break?休息一下?take?a?good?look?at?仔细看?take?a?hand?in?插手某事?take?a?look?瞧一瞧?take?a?rain?check?改天吧.?take?advantage?of?欺负;占便宜?take?care?of?sb?later?迟些对付你?take?down?记下?take?for?误认为?take?for?granted?想当然?take?French?leave?不辞而别?take?in?a?movie?看一场电影?take?it?easy?放松;别紧张?take?it?easy.?不要紧张?take?it?or?leave?it.?别讨价还价?take?it?out?to?sb?拿别人出气?take?no?for?an?answer?不许回答“不”字?take?notes?in?outline?form?记大纲式的笔记?take?offense?生气?take?one's?hat?off?to?表示尊敬佩服?take?one's?time?doing?sth?从容不迫;不慌不忙做某事?take?orders?from?听命于?take?sb?for?a?ride?绑架某人?take?sth?for?granted?视为当然?take?sth?up?重提某事?take?sth?upon?oneself?承担一切责任?take?the?lead?in?sth?在某方面领先?take?the?load?off?one's?feet?坐下休息?take?the?words?out?of?one's?mouth?说出心里话?take?things?as?they?come?既来之则安之?take?to?养成喜好;专心于?take?to?one's?heels?溜之大吉?take?up?开始;继续;吸收?take?your?time.?慢慢来.?take?your?word?for?it?相信你的话?talk?big?讲大话?talk?of?the?town?非常流行的东西?talk?one?into?说服?talk?one's?head?off?说得天花乱坠?talk?sb?into?sth?说服某人做某事?talk?sb?out?of?sth?说服某人不要做某事?talk?sense?讲得合情合理?talk?through?one's?hat?说话瞎扯不负责任?talk?through?one's?neck?说话瞎扯不负责任?talk?through?one's?nose?骄傲自大?tall?story?难以置信的故事?teach?sb?a?lesson?教训某人?team?up?with?sb?和某人分为一组?tear?down?拆毁?ten?bucks?十美元?That?dame!?那个女人!?that?depends.?那要看情况.?that?has?a?familiar?ring.?那话听起来很熟悉.?that?I?can't?say?这个我不敢肯定?That?is?so!?是这样吗??that?makes?two?of?us.?英雄所见略同?that?settles?that?已经安排了,那就算了?that?should?be?fun.?那一定会好玩.?that?sounds?better.?这样说才是.?that?what?you?say.?这是你说的.(表怀疑)?that?won't?answer.?这解决不了问题?that's?a?good?one.?无稽之谈?that's?a?promise?i'll?hold?you?to.?是你许下的诺言,我会叫你兑现?that's?a?trade?secret.?这是生意人的秘密.?that's?great.?好极了?that's?it.?就这样?that's?more?like?it.?这才象话.?that's?more?than?i?can?say.?一言难尽?that's?my...?you're?making?cracks?about.?那是我...,请别拿他开玩笑.?that's?nothing.?不要紧;小意思?that's?right?down?my?alley.?那是我最拿手的.?that's?runs?my?electric?bill?up.?使电费增加.?that's?something.?真是了不起.?that's?the?boy.?好小子(赞美).?that's?the?spirit.?真有道理.?that's?the?way?it?is.?事情就是这样的.?that's?the?way?it?with?us.?我们就是这样.?that's?the?whole?damned?trouble.?这就是所有的麻烦.?that's?what?i?came?for.?我就是为这个来的.?that's?what?i'm?here?for.?这是我应该做的.?that's?what?you?think.?只有你自己这么想吧.?that's?your?funeral.?此乃阁下之事.?thaw?out?融化?the?big?time?了不起的事;梦想?the?crack?of?down?破晓?the?dead?of?winter?严冬?the?devil?in?her?eye?她眼神具有魅力?the?die?is?cast.?一切已成定局.?the?God's?truth?说真的?the?hustle?and?bustle?喧嚣气氛?the?line?is?busy?通话中;占线?the?price?isn't?bad.?不贵.?the?whole?world?knows?it.?全世界都知道.?there?goes?your?phone.?你有电话.?there?is?nothing?to?it.?太容易了?there?you?are.?这是你要的.?there?you?go?again.?你又来这一套了.?there's?nothing?i?can?do.?爱莫能助?there's?nothing?wrong?with?me.?我精神很好.?they?will?be?very?put?out.?他们会很生气.?they're?a?drag.?那多讨厌,烦死了.?think?nothing?of?it.?不要放在心上.?this?is?a?small?something?for?you.?小小礼物,不成敬意?this?is?serious.?我是当真的.?this?will?be?my?treat.?这顿饭我请客.?thorn?in?one's?side.?眼中钉肉中刺?thousand?and?one?way?许多办法?three?sheets?in?the?wind?酒醉?threw?a?party?举行一个宴会?thrilled?with,?be?深受感动;非常高兴?throw?cold?water?on?泼冷水?throw?the?bull?胡言乱语?tie?the?knot?结婚?till?the?cows?come?home?很久?times?have?changed.?时代不同了.?to?a?T?恰好地?to?and?fro?到处?to?doctor?it?up?with?用...作料拌起来?to?one's?face?当面?to?the?best?of?my?knowledge?据我所知?today?just?isn't?my?day.?今天运气不佳.?Tom,?Dick?and?Harry?一般的人;普通的人?too?much?for?sb?使某人承受不了?trade?in?以旧换新?treat?sb?请客,招待某人?turn?a?blind?eye?故意视而不见?turn?a?girl's?head?把她说得太好;使她以为了不起?turn?against?sb?与某人做对?turn?down?放低(音量);否决(提案)?turn?in?交还;交出;就寝?turn?one's?back?on?sb?拒绝帮助别人?turn?one's?back?to?sb?不理睬某人?turn?sb?loose?放松;放任?turn?tail?逃跑?turn?the?tables?扭转局势?turn?turtle?(乌龟、汽车)四脚朝天?twist?another?around?one's?little?finger?玩弄于股掌之上?two?heads?are?better?than?one.?一人计短,二人计长?under?the?sun?世界上任何地方?under?the?table?台底交易?under?the?weather?身体不适?under?warranty,?be?在保修期内?under?way?(under?weight)?事情在进展之中?up?and?about?身体复员,可下地走动?up?to?轮到某人?up?to?one's?ears,?be?沉迷;热中?up?to?one's?neck,?be?太忙于做某事?up?to?sth,?be?对某事称职?use?one's?name?as?a?reference?让某人推荐?very?light?in?weight?很轻?very?much?appreciated,?be?很感激?visit?John?上厕所?wage?a?war?on?sth?对某事发动一场战争?walk?sb?home?陪某人回家?walkie-talkie?手提对讲机;搬弄是非的人?walking?dictionary?知识渊博的人?walls?have?ears.?隔墙有耳?wash?one's?dirty?linen?in?public?公开谈论阴私.?wash?out?精疲力竭,脸色苍白?watch?one's?step.?谨慎从事?watch?the?budget?小心预算?watch?with?hard?eye?用注视的目光看人?watch?your?step.?小心走路.?we?just?make?it.?我们刚好赶上.?we?rap?well?together.?我们很合得来.?we'll?in?for?the?night?by?then.?到晚上那时,我们一定已经回去了.?we'll?see?later.?以后再说.?we're?not?pressed?for?time.?我们并不赶时间.?wear?sth?inside?out?把衣服穿反了?wee?hours?凌晨?welcome?to?the?party!?现在你总算懂了!?well?in?advancce?老早?Well,?I?never!?真想不到?What?a?mess!?好乱啊!?What?a?pleasant?surprise!?真想不到的好事?What?a?thing?to?say!?这是什么话!?What?are?we?waiting?for??我们还在等什么??What?are?you?getting?at??你的意思如何??What?are?you?going?to?sell??你这是什么意思??What?are?you?smoking??你这是什么意思??What?are?you?up?to?do??你的意思如何??What?can?you?do?about?it??你有何办法?看你怎样??What?do?you?figure??你的意思如何??What?do?you?give??你有何高见??What?do?you?say??你的意思如何??What?held?you?up??你为什么迟到??What?to?call?it??这叫什么??What?were?you?up?to??你干什么去了??What's?come?over?you??你怎么啦??What's?cooking??发生了什么事??What's?going?on??发生了什么事??What's?it?to?you??这和你有什么关系??What's?on?the?schedule??有什么计划??What's?on?your?mind??有什么事吗??What's?the?big?idea??你这是什么意思??What's?the?catch??你这是什么意思??What's?the?good?word??你有什么好消息??what's?the?matter?到底怎么样?What's?under?your?cat??你这是什么意思??What's?up??发生了什么事??what's?up??什么事??What's?your?pleasure,?Treasure??你喜好什么吃的,富翁(婆)??What's?your?pleasure??你喜欢什么??whatever?made?you...?你为什么...??whatever?you?say.?随你的便.?when?in?Rome?do?as?the?Romans?do?入乡随俗?when?the?doors?open?一开场就进入;太准时?when?there?is?life,?there?is?hope.?活着,就有希望.?When's?the?big?day??哪天办喜事??Where?are?you?heading??你上哪去??white?lie?善意的谎言?Who?are?all?the?characters??那些人是谁??who?said?so?谁说的??Who's?calling,?please??请问您是哪位??Who's?the?lucky?guy??谁是新郎??Why?not?tell?it?to?the?Horse?Marines??你以为有人会相信你这一套吗??wind?up?结束,结果?window?shoping?只看不买地逛商场?wise?up?知道?with?a?long?face?拉长脸?with?flying?colors?成功地?with?open?arms?热烈欢迎?within?an?ace?of?几乎;差一点?without?fail?一定?woman?of?the?world?精通事故的女人?won't?be?long?不会太久的?Wonders?never?cease!?奇怪的事永远不断发生!?words?fail?me?说不出话来?work?a?tight?schedule?时间很紧迫?work?away?连续工作?work?like?a?Trojan?工作勤奋?work?out?计划;想出?Would?there?be?room?enough?for?me??有没有空位让我坐??Would?you?like?to?order?now??现在要点菜了吗??Wouldn't?she?be?nice?to?come?home?to??和她生活在一起,不是很好吗??wouldn't?work?for?me?不适合我?yes-man?唯唯诺诺的人?you?are?a?dead?duck.?你完了.?you?are?a?thoughtful?person.?你真周到?you?are?all?wet.?你完全错了.?you?are?just?being?polite.?你真会说话.?you?are?killing?me.?真是笑死我了.?you?are?your?father's?son.?你长得很象你父亲.?you?ask?for?it.?你自找苦吃.?you?bet?的确?You?bet!?当然啦?you?can?say?it?again.?我同意你的说法.?you?can?set?your?watch?by?him.?他总是很准时.?you?can't?beat?it.?无人匹敌的?you?can't?keep?a?good?man?down.?好人自有出头之日.?you?don't?know?half?of?it.?你知道什么!?you?don't?say?so.?是真的吗??you?get?me?there.?你把我难住了.?you?get?no?say.?你无权说话.?you?got?me?there.?你难住我了,这个我不清楚?you?got?the?picture.?你了解了.?you?have?a?point?there.?你的见解很对.?you?have?outstanding?款还没付清?you?know?something??让我告诉你一件事.?you?leave?me?in?the?cold.?你太令我扫兴了.?you?let?me?down.?你太让我失望了.?you?look?upset.?你好象情绪不好.?you?look?wonderful.?你气色很好.?you?mean?to?say...?你的意思是说...?you?said?a?mouthful.?你说得够多的了.?you?said?it.?我同意你的说法.?You?see?what?I?mean??你明白我的意思了吗??you?should?be?smart?enough.?你应该聪明一点.?you?stay?out?of?this.?不要插手这件事.?you're?all?mixed?up.?你全搞混了.?you're?confusing?your?days.?你把日子弄混了.?you're?putting?me?on.?你在和我开玩笑.?you're?ribbing?me.?你开我玩笑.?you're?thoughtful.?你想得真周到.?you're?way?ahead?of?me.?你讲得那么快,我还没听清呢.?your?timing?is?just?right.?你来得正好.?

校园英语迷你惯用语????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)1.?what?am?i?gonna?do??i'm?gonno?miss?this?curfew.?怎么办!我会赶不上关门(时间的.)?美国口语常用?I'm?gonna?(=going?to)及?I?wanna?(=want?to)?的省略形;听起来虽有亲切感,但应避免在正式的场合中使用.?curfew?是指"关门"之意.?"我赶不上(宿舍等的)关门时间"是?i'm?not?gonna?make?(it?for)?the?curfew.?2.?those?people?hanging?out?next?door?are?so?noisy.?经常聚集在隔壁的那些人吵闹的很.?hang?out?是"经常聚集",?等于hang?around.?"经常流连的场所(名词)"?拼为?hangout.?this?coffee?shop?is?our?favorite?hangout.?(这家咖啡屋是我们最喜欢聚会的地方).?3.?heaven?is?eating?convenience?store?"hotdogs"?in?winter.?冬天吃便利商店的"热狗"真棒?表示"幸福,快乐,真棒"等情况时也可以用漫画里的Snoopy"史奴比"?常说的?happiness?is.....?nothing?is?better?than?eating....?以及?you?can't?beat?eating....都是表示"吃.......最棒"之意.?4.?shoot.?they?cut?my?phone?service?again.?呦!他们(电信局)又切断我的电话了.?也可以说?they?cut?me?off?again.?shoot?(=****)?是"狗屎,胡说"之意;?****一词最好少用,shoot尚可.?service是指"公共事业".?the?postal?service?in?this?country?is?not?so?good.?是(这个国家的邮政事业不太好).?5.?who?am?i?gonna?bum?some?money?from?next??我下一个该向谁借钱呢??bum是"敲竹杠,乞讨",含有"有借无还"的意思,?如:?Can?I?bum?a?cigarette?from/off?you??(我可以向你要一支香烟吗?).?也有?Can?I?hit?you?up?for?1,000?yuan?till?next?month??(我可不可以向你借1,000元,下个月还你?)的说法.?6.?this?room's?starting?to?smell?like?a?compost?heap.?这个房间开始有些(垃圾)臭味了.?compost?heap?是"肥堆",用作"恶臭"之意.?"垃圾"一般称为?trash(英国人称为rubbish),?厨房的"菜屑碎肉之类的垃圾"称作(kitchen)?garbage.?同时,"(不)可燃垃圾"称为(non)?burnable?waste.?7.?that?pervert?again?!?he?gives?me?the?creeps.?那个色狼又出现了!?他让我浑身其鸡皮疙瘩.?pervert?是"变态者","调戏孩子者"称为?child?molester,?"偷窥者"称为peeper.(你这老不正经的!)常用?you?dirty?old?man!?....gives?me?the?creeps?是"....使我起鸡皮疙瘩".?he's?creepy.?是(他令人毛骨悚然)之意.?9.?i?kill?time.?消磨时间.?kill除了有"杀死"的意思以外,还有许多不同的意思.?如:?the?noise?killed?the?music.?是指(噪音吵的听不到音乐)之意.?10.?i?blow-dry?my?hair.?吹干头发.?dry?是"弄干"之意.?"用毛巾擦干"是?towel?oneself,?"用力擦干"就用?towel?away.?11.?缩写表达方式一览表.?英美人士在会话中,常使用缩写的词语,以使会话更为生动.?以下是一些使用频率较高的缩写词句,以供参考.?when's?----?when?is;?he's?----?he?is/?he?has;?kinda?----?kind?of;?it's?been?----?it?has?been;?what're?----?what?are;?what'll?----?what?will;?that'll?----?that?will;?I'd?----?I?would/?I?had;?It'd?(be)?----?It?would?(be);?wanna?----?want?to;?gonna?----?going?to;?I've?gotta?----?I?have?got?to;?C'mon?----?Come?on;?shoulda?----?should?have;?'cause?----?because;?a?lotta?----?a?lot?of;?12.?i?feel?relief?when?i?see?the?questions.?看完题目后方下心.?what?a?relief!?是(多么令人感到欣慰/放心!)的意思.?13.?i?rack?my?brain?trying?to?remember?the?answer.?绞尽脑汁想答案.?rack?one's?brain?是"绞尽脑汁".?也顺便记下?on?the?rack,?意思是"非常痛苦".?14.?i?throw?in?the?towel.?我认输了.?throw?in?the?towel?是"承认败北",?源自拳击比赛时的做法.?也可以说?i?give?up.?15.?i?hope?there're?a?lot?of?decent?guys?in?that?club.?我希望那个社团多数是正派的人.?decent是"得体的,体面的"之意.?decent?guys?通常是指"正派的人".?指"容貌英俊的男孩",可以用?good/decent-looking?guys.?目前一般所谓的"三高",指的就是?a?tall,?high-income,?and?well-educated?man?"高个子,高收入,高学历."?16.?he?says?he's?sick,?but?i?think?he?just?doesn't?wanna?join?us?anymore.?他说他病了,但我想他只是不愿再加入我们的行列.?(他以生病为借口)?是?it's?an?excuse?that?he's?sick.?或?he's?using?sickness?as?an?excuse.?还有?I'm?gonna?call?in?sick?是"(向工作单位等)请病假"之意,?真假的时候都可以说.?17.?no.?a?ratty-haired?bookworm,?in?this?day?and?age??噢!现在都什么时代了,还有这种满头邋遢头发的书呆子??ratty-haired?是"邋遢的头发"之意.?bookworm?如字面所示,是"书虫(书呆子)"的意思.?"用功念书的古怪家伙"在美国俚语中是?nerd,?而英国俚语指猛k(啃)书的人则说?swot.?18.?that?guy!?he?took?our?club's?video?camera?home.?那个家伙!他把我们社团里的摄像机拿回家了.?guy?是"家伙,(男)人之意;在美国还用?jerk?"讨厌鬼"?如:?what?a?gerk!?表示"好家伙!"之意.?you?shouldn't?help?yourself?to?our?club?equipment.?是(你不可将我们的社团公物私用)之意.?19.?i?invite?people?to?join?our?club.?我邀请人来参加社团.?invite...over?是"邀请人来家里"之意.?invitation?是"请柬".?请柬上注明?r.s.v.p.?(法语?repondez?s'il?vous?plait?的简称)时,?表示?please?reply.?(出席与否请复函)之意.?20.?i?agree?grudgingly.?我勉强的同意.?形容词?grudging?是"不情愿的,勉强的"之意.?grudging?praise?是"不情愿说的奉承话".?动词?grudge?是"吝惜"的意思.?21.?i?stretch?to?loosen?up.?我伸展身体.?stretch?是"伸展".?22.?what?is?this??what?kind?of?party?organizer?is?he??搞什么嘛??他算哪种聚会主办人??(酒不够喝)说?there's?not?enough?drinks?to?go?around.?而(点心太差)则说?the?appetizers?are?lousy.?"主办人"称为?party?host/hotess.?what?kind?of...?是"哪一种.."之意.?23.?he?can?really?chug?his?beer.?他可以一口气喝掉他的啤酒.?chug?是?chug-a-lug?(表示"咕噜咕噜"的象声词,为俚语,"一口气喝下去"的意思)?的缩写.?(各位,让我们一口气喝干啤酒吧!)是说?everybody,?get?ready?to?chug?your?beer!.?24.?the?ones?who?get?all?quiet?and?suddenly?throw?up?worry?me?the?most.?有一种人静静的喝酒中间会突然呕吐出来,我最怕这样了.?"呕吐"可以用?throw?up?或?vomit.?俚语中有?puke?(还记得//puke吗?),?barf,heave,upchuck,toss?one's?cookies?等说法.?也有?watch?out!?looks?like?somebody?lost?his?dinner.?(注意!好象有人丢掉了他(吃)?的晚餐)的委婉说法.?25.?i?don't?think?the?wimpy?drinkers?are?gonna?last?long?in?this?club.?我不认为那些酒量差的老兄会在这社团呆的太久.?wimpy?是"窝囊(wimp)的"意思,?如:?what?a?wimp!?(多窝囊啊!).?(他不太会喝酒)是?he's?a?light?drinker.;?(他酒量普通)是?he's?a?social?drinker.;?(他是一个善饮者)则说?he's?a?heavy/hard?drinker.?26.?he?looks?like?he?can?hold?his?liquor.?let's?see?how?long?he?lasts.?他看起来好像海量,让我们看看他能撑到几时.?he?can?hold?his?liquor.?是(他喝酒不醉/海量).?而?he?can't?hold?his?liquor.?则是(他一喝酒就会乱来)之意.?liquor?是"酒精饮料".?在美国,"酒店"称为?liquor?store.?而(我可以把你灌醉)是说?i?can?drink?you?under?the?table.?27.?laugh?while?you?can,?fella.?看你还能得意到几时!小子.?fella?是?fellow?的转化,?以为"男子;家伙".说?out-drink...时是"喝赢.."?的意思.?(让我们看看谁最会喝)是?let's?see?who?can?outdrink?the?others.?或说?let's?see?who?can?last?the?longest.?28.?wow!!?i?lucked?out!?we're?going?back?the?same?way.?哇!!我幸运透了!?我们可以同路回去.?luck?out?是"幸运透了"之意.?he?lucked?out.?he?didn't?get?drafted.?是(他很幸运免服兵役).?(我们住在同一方向/同一条路线)则说?we?live?the?same?way/one?the?same?line.?29.?i've?brought?the?best-looking?girls,?and?this?is?the?best?you?could?do??我邀请了最漂亮的女孩子,而你们只能做到这个程度??best-looking?是"最好看的..."之意.?this?is...?是"只能...吗?".?"最差的男人"可以用dog?(即俚语中"最没魅力的人"来称呼,如:?What?a?bunch?of?dogs!)?(**我分特.早知道dog还有这个意思,我一定不会用?它作昵称的,不过话又说回来了,这个词义你一定记住了.呵呵**)?(没什么?好选的!)可以说?Slim?pickings!?30.?don't?tell?me.?is?he?after?her,?too??不至于吧,他也在追求她?!?don't?tell?me?(that...)?是口语"不至于吧;别开玩笑"之意.?be?after...是"追着...".?the?police?are?after?him.?是(他被警察?追着)的意思,而?what's?he?after??则是(他想要追求什么?)之意.?31.?they?are?in?their?own?world.?他们沉浸在自己的天地里.?be?in?one's?own?world?是"沉浸在自我的世界"之意.?也可以用在指爱情?以外的情形.?(他们相互恋爱着)可以说?they're?completely?in?love?with?each?other.,?或是俚语用法的?they're?crazy/mad/nuts?about?each?other.?32.?he?was?more?interesting?than?i?expected.?他比我想像的还风趣.?i?never?would?have?guessed?he?would?be?so?interesting.?是(我从未想到?他是如此风趣)之意.?相反的,(我不知道他是这样的一个土包子)则说?i?didn't?know?he?was?such?a?jerk.?33.?yuck!?the?guy's?wearing?a?tux.?呦!?那位仁兄穿起晚礼服来了.?it's?yucky!?是稚语的(糟糕了!)之意.?tuxedo?在口语中只说?tux即可.?而(我不知道要穿正式礼服)是?i?didn't?know?i?had?to?dress?up.,?或说?i?didn't?know?this?was?gonna?be?a?dress-up?party.?34.?they're?gonna?be?rolling?in?it.?他们会赚死了.?he's?rolling?in?it/money.?是(他正在大赚其钱)的常用句.?make?a?big?profit?on...也是"大赚..."之意.如:?they?must?have?made?a?big?profit?on?this?party.?是(他们在这次聚会上,一定大赚一笔).?35.?i?round?up?the?gang.?聚了一帮人.?i?drink?to?a?toast.?干杯.?在欧洲,干杯时常说?cheers!?或?mud?in?the?eye!?i?reach?for?some?snacks?and?munchies.?伸手抓点心吃.?动词munch?是"嘎之?嘎之的咬/嚼"之意.munchies是名词点心.?36.?i?gorge?myself?on?the?food.?狼吞虎咽的吃.?gorge?oneself?是"狼吞虎咽"之意.?i?come?on?strong?and?try?to?pick?up?a?girl.?为亲近那女孩猛灌迷魂汤.?come?on?strong?是"侃侃而谈",?此处含有"猛灌迷魂汤"之意.?pick?up?a?girl?在此处是指"拍女孩,找个女孩交朋友"之意.?make?a?smooth?pick?up?是"很顺利就交上(女朋友)"的意思.?i?jeer?and?start?yelling.?喝倒彩.?i?do?an?impersonation.?做模仿表演.?37.?i?get?dead?drunk.醉倒了.?翌日醒来再喝酒,"以酒攻酒"?称为?a?hair?of?the?dog.?古时候人们认为被哪只狂犬咬着,就用它的毛来治疗.?有这个传说转意而来就有了"以毒攻毒"的意思.?i?take?care?of?someone?who?has?passed?out.?照顾一个醉倒的人.?请注意,passed?out?而不是?passed?away.呵呵.?38.?i?wonder?if?two?crates?of?cabbage?is?enough.?我不知道两箱包心菜够不够.?crate?是指"(运送,打包用的)箱柜,竹笼"等.?cabbage?是"包心菜".?此处将?two?crates?of?cabbage?当作一个整体,所以动词用单数?is.?如果说?Shall?I?go?and?get?another?crate,?just?in?case??是指?(是要我再去拿一箱,以防万一吗?)?39.?well,?since?he's?making?such?a?fuss,?guess?i'll?just?have?to.?好吧!因为他很罗嗦,我想只好就听他的吧!?since?是"因为",用来表示"理由".?make?a?fuss(about?.....)?是"小题大作;罗里罗唆"之意.?just?have?to?(do?so)?是"只好听他"之意.?(哼,她总是独断专行)可以用?gosh,?she?always?has?her?own?way.?(怕怕的问,?is?she?Angel???:-P)?40.?hey,?there're?some?cute?girls?over?there.?let's?go!?嘿,那边有些漂亮女孩.我们去吧!?cute?girl?是"可爱的女孩".美国俚语也用?chick?"妞"或?babe?(=baby)?"可人儿"来称呼女孩子.?美国的棒球王?babe?ruth?是因他长的?一副娃娃脸而被大家称为?babe.?41.?these?guys?think?they're?really?great,?don't?they??这些家伙以为他们真的很了不起,不是吗??"自我满足"是?self-satisfaction,?也可以用?complacency.?(无聊!胡说八道!废话!)等说法可以用?Nonsense!?(笨得无可救药!)可以说?a?fool?remains?a?fool?until?he?dies.?42.?i?thought?she?was?just?a?rich?princess,?but?it?looks?like?we?have?a?lot?in?common.?我以为她不过是千金小姐,但看来我们有许多共同点.?带着轻蔑口吻的"千金小姐,阔少爷"常用?spoiled?rich?kid/brat.?have?a?lot?in?common?是"有许多共同之处".?we?have?good?chemistry.?是一句俗语,意味(我们很谈的来).?43.?i'm?glad?i?got?it?off?my?chest.?我很高兴自己把心事讲出来.?got?it?off?my?chest?是"把心事吐露出来".?(为什么不把心事讲出来??你会觉得舒服的多)是?Why?don't?you?get?it?off?your?chest??You'll?feel?much?better;?相反的,想说(我有心事)可以用?I?have?something?on?my?mind.?44.?she?always?says,?"i?don't?know?what?to?do...",?but?she's?just?showing?off.?她总是说"我不知道该怎么办",....但她只是为了要炫耀自己.?show?off...是"炫耀......"之意.?"夸耀"可用?brag?或?boast,?如:?she's?always?bragging/going?on?about?her?boyfriend.?(她经常夸耀她的男友).?45.?we've?been?through?a?lot?but?we're?still?together.?it?must?be?fate.?我们历尽沧桑后仍在一起,必定是命中注定的.?we've?been?through?a?lot?是(我们一起历尽沧桑)之意.?it?must?be?fate.?是说(一定是命中注定的)之意.?(我想我们是命中注定在一起)可以说?I?guess?we're?meant?to?be?stuck?with?each?other.?46.?i?guess?sometimes?people?hit?it?right?off.?我想有时候人们初次见面就会很投缘.?hit?it?off?(well)?是"很投缘"之意.?i?hit?it?off?well?with?him.?或?he?and?i?hit?it?off?(well)?together?(with?each?other).?是指(我和他非常投缘,我们很谈的来)之意.?right含有"开始就...."之意.?47.?we?talked?so?long,?i?ended?up?missing?class.?我们谈了好久,把课都给误了.?end/wind?up?doing...?是"结果....."之意.?(今天逃课算了!)是用?i'm?gonna?miss/cut/ckip?class?today.?俚语也可以说?i'm?gonna?play?hooky.?48.?since?she?started?college,?all?of?a?sudden?she's?miss?glamor.?她上了大学后,一下子变得很时髦.?英语的?glamor?含有"妩媚,魅力"之意.?(她看起来非常耀眼,)可以说?she?looks?too?flashy.?或?her?outfit?is?a?bit?too?much.?(她的穿着太过分了.)?49.?next?to?her,?anybody?would?look?good.?谁只要在她的旁边,看上去都长得不错.?"难看"是?ugly/ugly-looking,?俚语也用?dog,?可用于男女.?i?am?not?here?just?to?make?her?look?better.?是(我不在这里只是?为了让她好看些的).?50.?i?confide?a?secret?to?a?friend.?向朋友吐露密秘.?confide...to..是"向...吐露..";?confide?in...?则是"吐露秘密给..."的意思.能够吐露秘密或心事的朋友称为?confidant?"密友,心腹".?i?break?off?a?relation.?跟她断交.?break?off?是"分离,离开".?patch?up?原意为"补缀"之意,?此处是指"言归于好"的意思.?51.?she's?real?pretty,?but?i?bet?she?has?a?boyfriend.?她真漂亮,但我打赌她已经有男朋友了.?此外,?she's?a?beauty/fox.?和?she's?so?hot/cute.?等也是同样的意思.?i?bet?(that)...?是"我相信......"?52.?looks?like?those?two?are?up?to?something,?huh??最近那两人好象怪怪的,关系暧昧.?和?looks?like?something's?going?one?there.?相同.?be?up?to...是"从事于......,企图于....."之意.如:?what's?she?up?to??(她想做什么事?).?而?they?can?come?in?the?open.?是(他们可以大大方方的交往)之意.?53.?girls?just?love?hanging?out?in?the?bathroom.?女孩子喜欢在洗手间里磨蹭.?love?doing/to?do...是"非常喜欢做....."?hang?out?是"徘徊".?而?I?was?just?touching?up?my?make?up/powdering?my?nose?in?the?ladies?room.?是(我刚在女用化妆室补妆)之意.?54.?i?lose?my?mind?just?standing?next?to?him.?和他站在一起就使我意乱情迷.?lose?one's?mind?是"失神,忘形"之意.?have?butterflies?in?one's?stomach?是"意乱情迷",如:?he?gives?me?butterflies.?(我不禁微笑)则说?i?just?can't?keep?from?smiling.?55.?too?much!?matching?outfits!?太过分了!?情侣装!?too?much!?是(太过分!).?matching?是"相配的".?their?clothes?matches.?是(他们的衣服相配)之意.?outfit?是指"(全套)服装".?nice?outfit!?是(好棒的打扮!).?56.?i'd?never?try?to?woo?someone?with?fine?cars?or?gifts.?我决不会用香车和礼物来求婚.?woo...是"求爱,求婚"之意.?也可以用?try?to?win?over?a?girl's?heart的说法.?fine?是"豪华的".?想开玩笑说(他是我的司机)就说?he's?just?my?chauffer.,?或?he's?just?my?wheels/transportation.?57.?he?said?he?wouldn't?try?anything,?but?come?on....?他说他不会做任何事,但说归说...?i?wouldn't?come?on?to?you.?是(我不会逼迫你的)之意.?i?wouldn't?do?anything?funny.?是(我不会乱来的).?此处的?but?come?one?是接近于"够了,够了",也可用?give?me?a?break.?含义相似.?i?can?read?you?like?a?book.?是(我深知你心)之意.?58.?we?are?kind?of?stuck?in?a?rut.?我们有点陷入固定(乏味)的生活方式.?rut?是"车痕;常规;惯例".?be/get?stuck?in?a?rut?是"陷于同一种模式,?惯例"之意.?与?be/get?in?the?same?old?routine.?同义.?(是该分手的时候了)是说?time?to?call?it?quits.?59.?i?wonder?if?there's?an?easy?way?to?break?up?and?still?be?friends.?我在想有没有既能分手又能彼此做朋友的简便方法.?"分手"可说?break?up?或split?up,?如:?she?broke?up?with?him.?(她和他分手了).?想要彻底分手时,可以说?let's?not?make?it?messy.?(我们不要拖泥带水的分手.).?也可以说?let's?make?a?clean?break.?(让我们彻底的分手.)?60.?isn't?that?something?how?he?left?me?after?four?years??交往了4年之后,他这样离开我不是太过分了吗??isn't?that?something...??是"...不是太过分了吗?"?俗语说?he?dumped/dropped?me.?是(他甩了我)的意思.?he?turned?me?down.?则是(他拒绝了我).?61.?i?pretend?to?give?him?the?cold?shoulder.?我故意假装冷落他.?give?someone?the?cold?shoulder?是"冷落某人"之意,此处的?shoulder是由从前对讨厌的客人露出肩膀,表示厌恶引申来的.?cold?turkey?是指"冷漠的人".?62.?i?played?the?field.?和很多异性交往.?相反的,如果"只和某一特定对象交往"时,则说:go?steady.?i?fly?into?a?rage.?很生气?rage?是"盛怒"之意.?fly?into?raptures?是"兴高采烈".?i?assume?a?defiant?attitude.?采取倨傲的态度.?63.?i?suggest?we?make?a?clean?break.?我建议我们干干净净的分手吧!?夫妻或情侣要分手时,也可以用?break?up?表示.?64.?being?a?tutor?for?slow?learners?is?really?a?drag.?身为反映迟钝学生的家庭教师真累人.?being....是用动名词为主语的句型.?tutor?是"家庭教师,(英国)大学的导师".?slow?learner?是"反映迟钝的学生",?drag?是"累赘"之意.?反过来说?being?a?tutor?for?quick?learners?is?duck?soup/a?soft?job.?是(作为头脑灵敏学生的家庭教师真情松).?65.?that?guy?has?connections?in?lots?of?shady?jobs.?那家伙在很多不正经的工作方面都有人际关系.?此处的connections?是指"关系,门路,社会关系"等义.?shady?是"可疑的".?he?has?powerful?connections?in?the?publishing?world?是(他在出版界有强而有力的社会关系).?after?all,?connections?talk.?是(终究还是有门路才行的通).?66.?yeah,?working?conditions?matter,?but?i?want?a?job?where?there're?lots?of?babes.?是啊,虽然工作条件很重要,但我想要在有很多侨妞的地方工作.?yeah?是?yes?的口语说法.?yeah....是自言自语的口气,?表示?"虽然...."之意.?working?conditions?是"工作条件".?此处的?matter?做动词用,表示"非常重要"之意.?67.?uh-oh,?this?looks?like?an?underworld?operation.?哎呀!这地方看起来象是黑道经营的场所.?this?(=this?place)?是"这里,此处"的意思.?underworld?指黑社会.?operation?是"事业,经营".?i'd?better?wash?my?hands?of?the?underworld?and?go?straight?as?soon?as?possible.?是(我最好尽早改邪归正).?68.?come?to?think?of?it,?i've?been?working?here?for?five?years.?想起来,我在这地方已工作五年了.?come?to?think?of?it?的意思是"来想想看".也就是?when/now?that?i?come?to?think?of?it?的简略.?此句用现在完成进行式?have?been....ing?表示"持续..".?it's?about?time?i?left?this?job?是(是我该离开这职务的时候了!)之意.?69.?now?that?i'm?out?on?errands,?they'll?never?know?whether?i?am?working?or?not.?由于我在外面跑腿,他们永远也不知道我是否在工作.?now?that?(=since)...是"由于....."之意.?out?on?errands?是"在外当跑腿".?he?is?always?going?on/running?errands?for?his?girlfriend.?是(他总是替他女朋友跑腿).?70.?gross.?that?cook?doesn't?even?wash?his?hands?after?he?goes?to?the?bathroom.?好可怕哦....那厨师上完洗手间后,连手也不洗.?gross?是"哎呀!",表示"好可怕"之意.?not?even..."连...也不...".?bathroom?是"洗手间",在公共场所也可以称为?lavatory,?restroom?washroom?等.?i?want?to?work?in?a?clean,?tidy?kitchen.?是(我想在一个清洁,干净的厨房工作).?71.?i?always?wanted?to?wear?this?uniform.?我一直想穿这套制服.?也可以改用现在完成式,而说?i've?always/long?wanted?to...?wearing?an?italian?tomato's?uniform?has?been?my?long-cherished?desire.?是"穿着意大利番茄的(餐厅)制服,是我长久以来的梦想".?72.?this?manager's?such?a?lech!?这个经理真是好色之徒.?lech?是"好色之徒,色狼".?have?you?suffered?sexual?harrassment??时(你有没有?受到过性骚扰?).?huh,?i'd?like?to?be?seduced?by?such?a?handsome?manager.?是(哦,我倒也想要被这样英俊的经理诱拐).?73.?i?still?have?to?keep?a?smile?on?my?face,?even?to?this?strange?customer??对这种怪客人,我还得强颜欢笑吗??美国俗话中的?turkey?是指"无聊的家伙",左句也可以改用?even?to?this?turkey.?my?fact?got?tense?from?smiling?all?the?time.?是(我总是笑着,把脸都笑僵了.)?74.?i?was?only?a?little?late.?don't?have?a?fit?about?it.?我只不过是迟到了一会儿,不要发火嘛!?a?little?late?是"稍稍迟到".?"...迟到"是?be?late?for....?"及时赶上"是?be?in?time?for...?have?a?fit/forty?fits?是"勃然大怒".?don't?be?fussy?about?trifles.?是(不要大惊小怪)之意.?75.?god,?i've?had?it?with?this?job!?天啊!这种工作我真是受够了.?have?had?it?是"吃不消,厌烦了"之意.?和?i've?had?enough?of?it!?同义.?i?am?done?with?it.?是(我不干了).?you're?fired.?是(你被解雇了.)?(我被解雇了)可以说?i?was?fired/got?it?in?the?neck.?76.?i?scrunch?up?my?nose?at?the?sight?of?(table)?scraps?in?the?garbage.?残羹剩菜使我掩鼻.?scrunch?压迫,挤压,?捏成一团,揉成一团.?scraps?是"不可吃的残羹剩饭",而?leftovers?则是"可以再吃的剩菜".?78.?i?wonder?if?there?are?any?alumni?of?my?school?at?this?company.?不知道这家公司里有没有我们学校的校友.?alumni?是?alumnus?的复数形式,是指"毕业生,校友".?女子大专的毕业生其复数?形式为alunma.?"同学会"是?alumni?association;?"同学的聚会,聚餐"则称为?alumni?metting.?wonder?if...从功能上讲相当于疑问句,所以句中使用any.?79.?i?guess?the?whole?world?runs?on?connections.?我想全世界还是靠人际关系运作的啦.?run?on?是"用...运转/开动",如?this?toy?runs?on?batteries.?(这玩具使用电池开动的).?how?can?i?find?a?job?without?connections??是(没有人际关系我怎么能找到工作呢?)?80.?working?for?a?foreign?company'd?be?glamorous.?在外商公司工作会很神气.?"外商"也称为?foreign?affiliate.?glamorous?是指"(工作等)富有魅力的,迷人的"?之意;在此处也可以用?stylish?"时髦的"加以代替.?working?for?a?local?govern-?ment?might?be?good.?是(在地方政府机关工作也并不坏)的意思.?81.?looks?like?i'm?gonna?have?to?buy?a?winter?suit,?too.?看来我也得去买一套冬季西装.?suit?/sju:t/?是"(上下成套的)西装",而suite?/swi:t/?是饭店的"套房",?请注意拼写及发音的差异.?如果说?in?one's?birthday?suit?则是指"裸体"的意思.?82.?god,?we?look?like?sheep---we're?all?carrying?the?same?folders.?天啊!我们都带着同样的文件夹,看起来一模一样.?sheep?是"绵羊",单复数同,此处指"模仿别人着,盲从者",?含有轻蔑的意思.?they?are?all?sheep,?looking?just?alike.?是说(他们这群人相互模仿,看起来一模一样).?83.?i'd?like?to?stay?away?from?jobs?that?are?demanding,?dirty,?or?dangerous.?我想避开劳累,污秽或危险的工作.?stay?away?from?...是"离开...".?英语中所谈到的"工作上的三d"是指?demanding?"苛求的;劳累的",?dirty?"污秽的,肮脏的",?dangerous?"危险的".?相反的,?can?you?imagine?an?easy,?clean?and?safe?job??则是(你能想象安逸,干净而安全的工作吗?)?84.?that?guy?checks?out?every?lead?he?lays?his?hands?on.?那老兄只要一得到消息,就去应聘.?此处的?lead?是"线索".?lay?one's?hands?on?则是"抓住,得到,找出"等意.?does?it?increase?job?chances?in?any?way??是(那样会增加就业的机会吗?)之意.?85.?shoot!?i?forgot?to?take?off?my?nail?polish.?糟糕!我忘了擦掉指甲油.?take?off?(=remove)?是"除去".?nail?polish?(=manicure)是"指甲油",?而脚趾则涂?pedicure?"脚指甲油".(她那样涂着红指甲油,大概不会被录取的)是说?she?won't?be?employed,?with?that?red?nail?polish.?86.?i?am?a?shoo-in?for?a?job?at?this?company.?我可以轻而易举的取得这家公司的工作.?shoo-in?是指在选举竞赛时,"轻易可以获胜,为有力的候补"之意.?i'm?at?best?a?dark?horse.?是(我最多是一匹黑马而已).?shoot,?some?guys?can't?even?be?in?the?running.?则意味(哦..?有人连候补都当不成).?87.?it's?their?treat.?might?as?well?get?something?expensive,?since?i'm?not?taking?this?job?anyway.?这是他们(公司)请客,反正我不想在这里工作,不妨叫贵一些的吧!?此处的?treat?当名词用,?表示"请客"之意.?he?treated?me?to?a?steak.?的treat做动词用,?表示(他请我吃牛排).?might?as?well...?是"不妨.....".?take?a?job?是"就业".而?anyway?是"不管怎样"的意思.?88.?are?they?really?gonna?throw?their?drinks?in?my?face?if?i?renegue??如果我回绝的话,他们会不会生气??throw...in?my?face?是"向我丢.....".?renegue?/ri'ni:g/?是"食言,背弃(诺言等)"?Will?they?sue?me?for?breaches?of?contract??是(他们会不会为了我的毁约而?控告我?)之意.?89.?i?put?on?just?a?little?makeup.?稍微化妆.?完全没化妆用?wear?no?makeup?即可.?i?choose?a?tie?that?goes?with?my?suit.?选择搭配西装的领带.?此处的go?用来表示"相配"之意.?soy?sauce?doesn't?go?well?with?wine.?是(酱油和酒是不能调在一起的).?90.?i?make?a?slip?and?say?more?than?i?should.?说溜了嘴而话多.?make?a?slip?是"说溜了嘴".?而?a?slip?of?the?pen?是"多写了不必写的事情"之意.?i?congratulate?my?friend?who?has?make?it.?向被录取的朋友祝贺.?congratulations!?是(恭喜).?含有"努力后得到"之意,因此在对新娘祝贺时?最好不用.?也不用做新年贺词.?

洋话连篇????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)1、I'm?not?myself?我烦透了?2、Don't?bother?me！?别烦我！?3、Give?me?five?more?minutes?please。?再给我五分钟时间好吗？?4、How?did?you?sleep??你睡的怎么样？?5、Don't?hog?the?bathroom!?别占着卫生间了！?6、don't?hog?the?shower.?别占着浴室了！?7、don't?hog?my?girlfriend.?别缠着我的女朋友了！?8、Get?outta?there!?快出来！?9、I?will?treat?you?。?我请客。?10、What?are?you?in?the?mood?for??你想吃什么？?11、Whois?gonna?drive??谁来开车？?????Who's?driving??12、You?know?what?I?mean??你明白我的意思吗？?13、Could?you?run?that?by?me?again??你能再说一遍吗？?14、so?what?you?are?trying?to?say?is...?那么，你想说的是...?15、Whadja?do?last?night??昨晚你干嘛去了？?????Whadja=What?did?you?16、Didja?have?a?good?time??玩的开心吗？?????didja=did?you?17、Where?wouldja?like?to?go?tonight??今晚你想上哪儿？?????Wouldja=Would?you?18、i?am?running?late.?我要迟到了。?19、i've?gotta?get?outta?here.?我得离开这儿了。?20、i've?gotta?catch?the?bus.?我要去赶公共汽车了。?21、gotta=got?to?????wanna=want?to?????gonna=going?to?22、Yo__taxi!?嗨，出租车！?23、Where?to???（你）要去哪儿？?24、i?want?to?go?to...?我要到...地方去。?25、What?do?I?owe?you???我该付你多少钱？?26、let?me?out?here.?让我在这儿下车。?27、HI!?What's?up,?buddy??嗨！?还好吗？，伙计？?28、What'cha?been?doing??这些日子在干什么呢？?????What'cha=What?have?you?29、How?ya'?been??这些日子过的怎么样？?????HOw?ya'?been=How?have?you?been??30、i'm?fine.?我很好。?31、Do?I?have?any?messages??有人给我留言吗？?32、What's?on?the?schedule?for?today??今天有那些日程安排？?33、Has?the?boss?come?in?yet??老板来了吗？?34、Hello!?This?is?Hogan,is?William?in??????你好！?我是Hogan,请问William?在吗？?35、may?i?take?your?message??he?is?not?in.?????他现在不在。我可以为你留言吗？?36、i'm?really?busy.?can?i?call?you?back?later??????我现在真的很忙，我晚点给你打过去，行吗？?37、Thank?you?for?your?time,goodbye!?????占用您的时间了，谢谢您。再见！?38、Are?you?doing?anything?tonight/this?weekend/tomorrow??????你今晚/周末/明天有空吗？?39、If?you?are?not?busy?tonight,?would?you?like?to?go?out?with?me??????如果你今晚有空的话，愿不愿意和我一起出去？?40、mayby?we?can?get?together?sometime.?????也许今后我们有机会在一起。?41、you?look?beautiful?tonight.?????今晚你看上去真美啊！?42、i've?really?had?a?good?time?tonight.?今晚我过的很开心。?43、i'd?like?to?see?you?again?sometime.?希望能再见到你。?44、How?was?your?day??今天过的怎么样？?45、HOw?are?things?at?work??今天工作进行的怎么样了？?46、How?are?things?at?the?office??今天在公司怎么样？?47、How?are?thing?at?school??今天在学校（过的）怎么样？?48、you'll?never?believe?what?happened?to?me?today?at?shool/work.?你永远也猜不到今天我在学校/工作中遇上了什么事！！?49、YOu?look?great!?Have?you?been?working?out??你气色真好，你经常锻炼吗？?50、i?need?to?get?back?in?shape.?我要减回到原来的身材。?51、What?do?you?do?for?exercise??你经常做写什么运动呀？?52、You?are?something?else!?你真是出类拔萃！?53、You?are?out?of?sight!?你真优秀！?54、You?rule!?你太牛了！?55、i've?got?to?cram?for?a?test?tomorrow.?为了明天的考试，我得背多少东西呀！?56、Hey,How?did?your?English?test?go??嗨，你英语考的怎么样？57、Wow!?Holy?cow!?That's?great!?哇噻！太好了！真棒！?58、oh!?No!?That's?terrible!?噢，太糟糕了！?59、What?the?heck?is?that??究竟是怎么一回事？?60、Hey,what?the?heck?is?going?on??嗨，究竟发生了什么事？?61、Darn?it?all!?Gush!?Darn?it!?该死的!?62、get?to?the?point.?言归正传。?63、as?a?matter?of?fact?事实上?64、to?get?cold?feet?吓的毛发直竖。?65、to?give?someone?the?cold?shoulder?冷落某人?66、How?did?you?say?this?word??这个单词该怎么发音?67、i?don't?understand.?我不知道。?68、What's?for?breakfast??早餐有些什么？?69、What?do?you?want?to?have?for?breakfast??你早餐想吃什么？?70、Would?you?like?some?coffee,juice?or?milk??你想喝咖啡、果汁或者牛奶？?71、step?into?my?office?到我办公室来！?72、Can?I?see?you?in?my?office??到我办公室来一下好吗？?73、Can?I?talk?with?you?for?a?little?while??我能和您谈谈吗？?74、I?am?a?little?a?bit?busy?right?now,can?we?talk?later??我现在比较忙，可不可以待会儿再谈？?75、Sure,no?problem,right?away!?没问题，马上就来！?76、What?is?it?you?wanted?to?talk?to?me?about??你想和我谈什么？?77、What?is?it??你向谈什么？?78、thank?you?very?much?for?your?time.?多谢您能抽空和我谈话。?79、Can?you?give?me?a?hand??能帮帮我吗？?80、sure,no?porblem.?当然，没问题。?81、now's?a?bad?time.?can?we?do?it?later??现在不太方便，能不能等一会儿？?82、thanks?for?the?hand.?谢谢您帮忙！?83、Can?I?buy?you?a?drink??我能请您喝一杯吗？?84、this?one's?on?me?.?我请客。?85、I'll?drink?to?that!?我同意！?86、Would?you?like?another?round??想再喝一圈吗？?87、i've?had?a?hard?day.?我今天过的真糟糕。?88、i'm?fed?up?with...?我实在难以忍受...?89、i'm?sick?and?tired?of?...?我受不了...?90、i've?had?it?up?to?here?with...?我真受不了...?91、i?really?wish...?我多么希望...?92、Catch?you?later,buddy!?再见，老兄！?93、Take?care!?保重！?94、See?ya'?later!/See?ya'!/Later!?再见！?95、再见的几种用法(在美国很流行哦)?Adios!?西班牙语?Ciao!?意大利语?Au?revoir!?法语?96、i?didn't?sleep?a?wink.?我简直没合过眼。?97、i?slept?like?a?log.?我睡的真沉！?98、my?job?is?a?nightmare.?我的工作（不好）真是噩梦啊！?99、Is?your?friend?available??你的朋友有男朋友吗？?100、oh!?she?is?already?taken.?哦！她已经有男朋友了。?101、Do?you?think?she?is?my?type???你觉得她合适我吗？?102、i'm?gonna?go?for?it.?我要去追！?103、she?is?available.?她没男朋友。?104、sorry,i'm?all?tied?up?right?now.?对不起，我现在很忙。?105、all?right.maybe?some?other?time.?好吧，那就下次吧。?106、i'm?sorry,i've?already?got?plans.?对不起，我已经和别人约好了。?107、that'll?be?the?day.?不可能。（说的是反话）（语气上扬，若是肯定则语气下降）?108、don't?bet?on?it.?不可能。?109、oh?that's?a?great?idea.?哦，你这主意真够傻的。（语气上扬）?110、now?that?was?a?great?meal.?这顿饭真够丰盛！?111、Are?you?up?for?some?dessert??你要不要来点甜食？?112、i?couldn't?eat?another?bite.?我实在吃不下了。?113、the?toilet?is?backed?up.?厕所堵上了。?114、the?bulb?is?burnt?out.?灯泡烧坏了。?115、to?blow?a?fuse.?保险丝烧断了。?116、you?look?sick.?how?are?you?feeling??你看起来不太舒服，你感觉怎么样？?117、i'm?as?sick?as?a?dog.?我病的很重。?118、i'm?a?little?under?the?weather.?我有点不舒服。?119、i?hope?you?get?better?soon.?我希望你很快好起来。120、I've?been?studing/working?my?tail?off!?我学习/工作太紧张了！

至理名言????????Back To TOP(回到顶部)no?matter?how?old?you?get,?hug?and?kiss?your?mother?whenever?you?greet?her.?不管你有多大，向母亲致意的最好方法就是，投入她的怀抱，亲吻她的脸颊。?temper,?if?ungoverned,?governs?the?whole?man.?放纵性情，失去自我。?the?best?remedy?for?a?short?temper?is?a?long?walk.?慢行降急火。?trust?is?the?single?most?important?factor?in?both?personal?and?professional?relationships.?为人做事，信任至上。?if?someone?says?something?unkind?about?you,?you?must?live?so?that?no?one?will?believe?it.?照样生活，谣言自破。?when?you?make?your?mark?in?the?world,?watch?out?for?the?envious?with?erasers.?当你致力于成功时，小心嫉妒者的破坏。?things?that?are?what?they?seem?to?be,?are?so?rare?that?you?cannot?recognize?them?when?you?see?them.?事情往往不象你看到的那么简单易认。?be?open?and?accessible.?the?next?person?you?meet?could?become?your?best?friend.?开放自我而易于接近，下一个见到的人可能成为你最好的朋友。?the?man?who?never?has?enough?time?to?do?a?job?properly?always?has?enough?time?to?do?it?over?again.?工作没做完，总得从头来。?there's?no?use?going?back?for?a?lost?opportunity?-?someone?else?has?already?found?it.?机会错过不再有，有人已捡走。?a?man?will?always?remember?his?enemies,?but?he?will?sometimes?forget?his?friends.?人不要牢记敌人，忘记朋友。?refuse?to?share?personal?and?financial?information?unless?you?feel?it?is?absolutely?essential.?除非最基本的，不要告诉他人有关你自己的个人和财经信息。?when?you?find?something?you?really?want,?don't?let?a?few?dollars?keep?you?from?getting?it.?如果发现真爱，别让不太多的钱成为阻碍。?in?prosperity,?prepare?for?change;?in?adversity,?hope?for?one.?顺境中虑及变故，逆境中有信心克服。?you?may?be?fortunate?and?make?a?lot?of?money.?but?be?sure?your?work?involves?something?that?enriches?your?spirit?as?well?as?your?bank?account.?你可能很幸运而赚了好多钱，但应确保你的工作给你带来了同样多的精神享受。?the?greatest?achievements?are?those?that?benefit?others.?最伟大的成就是那些有益于他人的。?let?your?children?see?you?do?things?for?your?wife,?that?lets?them?know?how?much?you?love?and?treasure?her.?让孩子们看到你为妻子效劳，让他们感觉到你对妻子的爱和珍惜。?make?a?habit?of?reading?something?inspiring?and?cheerful?just?before?going?to?sleep.?睡前读点令人鼓舞和愉快的。?the?secret?of?happiness?is?learning?to?accept?the?impossible,?do?without?the?indispensable,?and?bear?the?intolerable.?承认你曾认为不可能发生的事实，去做而不需要别人认为不可缺少的条件，忍受那些被视为无法忍受的变故，这就是快乐的秘诀。?all?the?art?of?living?lies?in?a?fine?mingling?of?letting?go?and?holding?on.?生活的艺术在于对坚持与放弃的合理调配。?success?is?a?ladder?that?cannot?be?climbed?with?your?hands?in?your?pockets.?成功是得靠你自己双手攀登的阶梯。?people?tend?to?rise?to?accomplishments?they?thought?were?beyond?them?if?you?show?them?by?your?confidence?that?they?can?do?it.?如果你充满信心地引导，他们能取得超出他们想象的成功。?it?isn't?always?best?to?be?in?a?rush.?for?while?it?is?true?that?the?early?bird?gets?the?worm,?it's?also?a?fact?that?the?second?mouse?gets?the?cheese.?不用总赶急，早起的鸟有虫吃不假，第二支老鼠吃到奶酪也真。?you?never?get?a?second?chance?to?make?a?good?first?impression.?得到好的第一印象的机会就一次。?let?your?handshake?be?as?binding?as?a?signed?contract.?与人握手时，给人信任感。?change?worry?time?into?planning?time.?不要无谓忧虑，去做进一步打算。?nostalgia?is?a?file?that?removes?the?rough?edges?from?the?good?old?days.?怀旧之情能使美好的旧时光更美好。?if?you?stay?focused?on?yourself,?you?are?going?to?be?miserable.?只关心自己会使你变得可怜。?the?two?hardest?things?to?handle?in?life?are?failure?and?success.?人生最难处理的两件事，就是成功和失败。?you?shouldn't?look?back?except?to?learn.?除了知新，还应温故。?there?are?two?very?difficult?things?in?the?world.?one?is?to?make?a?name?for?oneself?and?the?other?is?to?keep?it.?世界上有两件事情很不一样，扬名立万和保持声誉。?the?reason?ideas?die?quickly?in?some?people's?heads?is?that?they?can't?stand?solitary?confinement.?有的人信念丧失，只因为孤独环绕。?what?the?world?needs?is?an?amplifier?for?the?still,?small?voice.?应让世上更多的人听到那平静而微弱的声音。?happiness?is?not?the?absence?of?conflict,?but?the?ability?to?cope?with?it.?快乐不意味着没有分歧，而是有能力解决分歧。?may?your?dreams?never?disappear?with?age,?but?may?they?continue?as?alive?and?as?beautiful?as?you?with?the?knowledge?that?they?will?someday?come?true.?愿梦想不因岁月而流逝！愿她永远那么生动、永远那么美丽！因为你知道有美梦成真的一天。?

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Where must the puma have come from?

Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.

The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

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美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。

搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。

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Lesson 2

Thirteen equals one

十三等于一

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why?

Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.

One night, however, our vicar work up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.

'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?' asked the vicar in surprise.

'I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill. 'I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'

'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'

That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it."

We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar. "Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'

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我们教区的牧师总是为各种各样的事筹集资金。但始终未能筹足资金把教堂的钟修好。教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜打点报时，但很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。

一天夜里，我们的牧师突然被惊醒了，大钟又在“打点”报时了！他一看表，才1点钟，可是那钟一边敲了13下才停。牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。借着电筒光。他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店主经比尔.威尔金斯。

“你究竟在这上面干什么，比尔？”牧师惊讶地问。

“我想把这口钟修好，”比尔回答说。“好几个星期了，我天天夜里到钟楼上来。嗯，我是想让你大吃一惊。”

“你确实使我大吃了一惊！”牧师说，“也许同时你把村里所有的人都吵醒了。不过，钟又能报时了，我还是很高兴的。”

“问题就在这里，牧师，”比尔回答说。“不错，钟能报时了，但是，恐怕每到1点钟，它总要敲13下，对此我已无能为力了。”

“大家慢慢就习惯了，比尔，”牧师说。“13下是不如1下好，但总比1下也不敲强。来，咱们下楼去喝杯茶吧。”

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Lesson 3

An unknown goddess

无名女神

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?

Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.

The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

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不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。一个美国考古队在阿伊亚.依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，房子一般有3层楼高，用石块修建。里面房间很大，墙壁装饰华丽。城里甚至还敷设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制作的排水管道。

考古工作者考察的这座庙宇从公元前15世纪直到罗马时代一直是祭祀祈祷的场所。在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15尊陶雕像的碎片。每一尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上过色。其中有一尊雕像，她的躯体是在公元前15世纪的历史文物中发现的，而她那身异处的脑袋却碰巧是在公元前5世纪的文物中找到的。她的脑袋一定是在古希腊罗马时代就为人所发现，并受到精心的保护。却使在当时，它也属历史悠久的珍奇之物。考古工作者把这些碎片重新拼装起来后，惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。她身高3英尺，双手叉腰。身穿一条拖地长裙，尽管上了年纪，但体态确实优美。不过，考古工作者至今未能确定这位女神的身份。

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Lesson 4

The double life of Alfred Bloggs

阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did Alf want a white-collar job?

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.

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如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。

艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班，然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。

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Lesson 5

The facts

确切数字

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the consequence of the editor's insistence on facts and statistics?

Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.

The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but the took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.

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报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后，编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。”编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。

记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。

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Lesson 6

Smash-and-grab

砸橱窗抢劫

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How did Mr. Taylor try to stop the thieves?

The expensive shops in a famous near Piccadilly were just "opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.

The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its home blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweller's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stocking over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr. Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr. Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.

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皮卡迪利大街附近的一条著名拱廊街道上，几家高档商店刚刚开始营业。在早晨的这个时候，拱廊街上几乎空无一人。珠宝店主泰勒先生正在欣赏新布置的橱窗。他手下两名店员从早上8点就开始忙碌，这时刚刚布置完毕。钻石项链、戒指漂亮地陈列在黑色丝绒上面。泰勒先生站在橱窗外凝神欣赏了几分钟就回到了店里。

宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街，在珠宝店门口停了下来。一人留在驾驶座上，另外两个用黑色长筒丝袜蒙面的人跳下车来。他们用铁棒把商店橱窗的玻璃砸碎。这开始发生时，泰勒先生正在楼上。他与店员动手向窗外投掷家具，椅子，桌子飞落花流水在拱廊街上。一个窃贼被一尊很重的雕像击中，但由于他忙着抢钻石首饰，竟连疼痛都顾不上了。这场抢劫只持续了3分钟，因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车，以惊人的速度开跑了。就在轿车离开的时候，泰勒先生从店里冲了出来，跟在车后追赶，一边还往车上扔烟灰缸、花瓶。但他已无法抓住那些窃贼了。他们已带着价值数千镑的首饰逃之夭夭了。

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Lesson 7

Mutilated ladies

残钞鉴别组

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did Jane cook John's wallet?

Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? People who live in Britain needn't despair when they made mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog. Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money!

A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business. John had very good day and put his wallet containing $3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping. Then he and Jane went horse-riding. When they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it, cooked her fiancé's wallet as well. Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash! John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilate Ladies! They examined the remain and John got all his money back. 'So long as there's something to identify, we will give people their money back,' said a spokeswoman for the Bank. 'Last year, we paid $1.5m on 21,000 claims. Damaged bank notes. The Queen's head appears on English bank notes, and 'lady' refers to this.

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这种事情在你身上出现过吗？你有没有把裤子塞洗衣机，然后又想在裤子的后兜有一张大面值的纸币？当你把裤子抢救出来时，你有没有发现那张纸币已经变得比白纸还白？当英国人犯这种错误时，他们不必感到绝望（而许多国家的人都有这种绝望的感觉）。对英国人来说，值得庆幸的是英国银行有一个残钞鉴别组，负责理那些把钱塞进机器或塞给狗的人提出的索赔要求。看起来，狗很喜欢咀嚼钱币。

最近的一个案例与简.巴特林有关，她的未婚夫约翰拥有一家生意兴隆家具店。有一天约翰的生意很好，他把一只装有3,000 英镑的钱包放进微波炉内保存。然后，他和简一起去骑马。回家后，简用微波炉煮了晚饭，无意中之中把她未婚夫的钱包也一起煮了。可以想像他们发现一只煮得很好看的钱包，钞票已化成灰时的沮丧心情。约翰去找银行经理，经理把约翰的钱包和纸币的残留物送到英国银行在纽卡斯尔的一个专门部门——残钞鉴别组。他们鉴定了这些残留物。约翰拿回了他损失的全部数额。“只要有东西可供识别，我们会把钱还给人家的，”银行的一位女发言人说。“去年，我们对21，000 起索赔要求支付了150万英镑。”

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Lesson 8

A famous monastery

著名的修道院

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What are the St. Bernard dogs used for?

The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, witch was founded in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel ahs been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.

During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to -- 30 o and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.

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圣伯纳德大山口连接着瑞士与意大利，海拔2,473O米，是欧洲最高的山口。11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。那些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。如今由于山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。但每年还要派狗到雪山地里去帮助那些遇到困难的旅游者，尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口。

夏天的几个月里，修道院十分忙碌，因为有成千上万的人驾车通过山口，顺道来修道院参观。由于来人太多，狗被关在专门的围栏里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活则是另一番景象。气温下降到零下30度，试图跨越山口的人寥寥无几。修道士们喜欢冬天，而不太喜欢夏天。因为在冬天，他们可以更多地过无人打扰的生活。狗也比较自由，被放出围栏，四处遛达。冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。这些热爱高山清静环境的年轻人每年都受到圣伯纳德道院的热烈欢迎。

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Lesson 9

Flying cats

飞猫

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How do cats try to protect themselves when falling from great heights?

Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. They can be friendly and affectionate towards humans, but they lead mysterious lives of their own as well. They never become submissive like dogs and horses. As a result, humans have learned to respect feline independence. Most cats remain suspicious of humans all their lives. One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is the popular belief that they have nine lives. Apparently, there is a good deal of truth in this idea. A cat's ability to survive falls is based on fact.

Recently the New York Animal Medical Center made a study of 132 cats over a period of five months. All these cats had one experience in common: they had fallen off high buildings, yet only eight of them died from shock or injuries. Of course, New York is the ideal place for such an interesting study, because there is no shortage of tall buildings. There are plenty of high-rise windowsills to fall from! One cat, Sabrina, fell 32 storeys, yet only suffered from a broken tooth. 'Cats behave like well-trained paratroopers.' a doctor said. It seems that the further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves. In a long drop, they reach speeds of 60 miles an hour and more. At high speeds, falling cats have time to relax. They stretch out their legs like flying squirrels. This increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact when they hit the ground.

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猫总能引起人们的极大兴趣。它们可以对人友好，充满柔情。但是，它们又有自己神秘的生活方式。它们从不像狗和马一样变得那么顺从。结果是人们已经学会尊重猫的独立性。在它们的一生中，大多数猫都对人存有戒心。最使我们感兴趣的一件事情就是一种通俗的信念——猫有九条命。显然，这种说法里面包含着许多真实性。猫在跌落时能够大难不死是有事实作为依据的。

最近，纽约动物医疗中心对132只猫进行了为期5个月的综合研究。所有这些猫有一个共同的经历：它们都曾从高层建筑上摔下来过，但只有其中的8只猫死于震荡或跌伤。当然，纽约是进行这种有趣的试验的一个理想的地方，因为那里根本不缺乏高楼大厦，有的是高层的窗槛从上往下坠落。有一只叫萨伯瑞的猫从32层楼上掉下来，但只摔断一颗牙。“猫就像训练有素的跳伞队员，” 一位医生说。看起来，猫跌落的距离越长，它们就越不会伤害自己。在一个长长的跌落过程中，它们可以达到每小时60里甚至更快的速度。在高速下落中，猫有时间放松自己。它们伸展四肢，就像飞行中的松鼠一样。这样就加大了空气阻力，并减少了它们着地时冲击力带来的震动。

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Lesson 10

The loss of the Titanic

“泰坦尼克”号的沉没

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?

The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.

---

巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮的水面上。然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。

“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然，了望员发现一座冰山。警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。突然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。

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Lesson 11

Not guilty

无罪

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the Customs Officer looking for?

Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned form abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.

'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, looking me in the eye.

'No', I answered confidently.

'Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?'

'Not at all,' I answered.

The Officer went through the case with great care. All the thing I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up. He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.

'Perfume, eh?' he asked sarcastically. 'You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt from import duty.'

'But it isn't perfume,' I said. 'It's hair gel.' Then I added with a smile, 'It's a strange mixture I make myself.'

As I expected, he did not believe me.

'Try it!' I said encouragingly.

The officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage.

---

现在的海关官员往往相当宽容。但是，当你通过绿色通道，没有任何东西需要申报时，他们仍可以拦住你。甚至是最诚实的人也常弄得觉得有罪似的，而老练的职业走私犯却使手提箱里藏着500只金表，却也处之泰然。最近一次，我也出国归来，碰上一位特别好管闲事的年轻海关官员，他显然把我当成走私犯。

“您有什么需要申报的吗？”他直盯着我的眼睛问。

“没有。”我自信地回答说。

“请打开这只手提箱好吗？”

“好的。”我回答说。

那位官员十分仔细地把箱子检查了一遍。所有细心包装好的东西一会儿工夫就乱成一团。我相信那箱子再也关不上了。突然，我看到官员脸上露出了得意的神色。他在我的箱底发现了一只小瓶，高兴地一把抓了起来。

“香水，嗯？”他讥讽地说道，“你刚才应该申报，香水要上进口税的。”

“不，这不是香水，”我说，“是发胶。”接着我脸带微笑补充说：“这是一种我自己配制的奇特的混合物。”

“你就闻一闻吧！”我催促说。

海关官员拧开瓶盖，把瓶子放到鼻子底下。一股怪味袭来，使他相信了我说的真话。几分钟后，我终于被放行，手提划着宝贵的粉笔记号的行李，匆匆离去。

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Lesson 12

Life on a desert island

荒岛生活

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was exceptional about the two men's stay on the desert island?

Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island. We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines. Life there is simple and good. Ripe fruit falls from the trees and you never have to work. The other side of the picture is quite the opposite. Life on a desert island is wretched. You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe, Waiting for a boat which never comes. Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures, but few us have had the opportunity to find out.

Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer. They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired. During the journey, their boat began to sink. They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy with food, matches, and cans of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island. There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem. The men collected rainwater in the rubber dinghy. As they had brought a spear gun with them, they had plenty to eat. They caught lobster and fish every day，and, as one of them put it 'ate like kings'. When a passing tanker rescued them five days later, both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.

---

我们许多人对于荒岛生活有一种不切实际的想法。我们有时想象荒岛是阳光终日普照的天堂。在那里，生活简单又美好。成熟的水果从树上掉下来，人们根本无需劳动。另一种想法恰恰相反，认为荒岛生活很可怕，要么饿死，要么像鲁滨孙那样，天天盼船来，却总没见船影。也许，这两种都像都有可信之处。但很少有人能有机会去弄个究竟。

最近有两个人在一座珊瑚岛上呆了5天，他们真希望在那儿再多呆一些日子。他们驾着一条严重损坏的小船从维尔京群岛阿密修理。途中，船开始下沉，他们迅速把食物、火柴、罐装啤酒往一只救生筏上装。然后在加勒比海上划行了几英里，到了一座珊瑚岛上。岛上几乎没有一颗树，也没有淡水，但这不算什么问题。他们用像皮艇蓄积雨水。由于他们随身带了一支捕鱼枪，因此，吃饭不愁。他们天天捕捉龙虾和鱼，正如其中一位所说，吃得“像国王一样好”。5天后，一条油轮从那儿路过，搭救了他们。这二位不得不离开那个荒岛时，还真的感到遗憾呢！

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Lesson 13

"It's only me'

“是我，别害怕”

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What did the man expect to find under the stairs?

After her husband had gone to work. Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy-dress part with her husband. She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective. After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.

Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dinning room, there was a knock on the front door. She knew that it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs. She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the storeroom was opened and a man entered. Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the metre. She tried to explain the situation, saying 'It's only me', but it was too late. The man let out cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.

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理查兹夫人等丈夫上班走后，把孩子送去上学，然后来到楼上自己的卧室。那天上午，她兴奋得什么家务活都不想做，因为晚上她要同丈夫一起参加一个化装舞会。她打算装扮成鬼的模样。头天晚上她已把化装服做好，这时她急于想试试。尽管化装服仅由一个被单制成，却十分逼真。理查兹夫人穿上化装服后下了楼，想看穿起来是否舒服。

理查兹夫人刚刚走进餐厅，前门就传来敲门声。她知道来了一定面包师。她曾告诉过面包师，如果她不去开门，他可直接进门，把面包放在厨房的桌上。理查兹夫人不想吓唬这个可怜人，便赶紧躲到了楼梯下的小储藏室里。她听见前门被打开，走廊里响起重重的脚步声。突然贮藏门开了，一个男人走了进来。理查兹夫人这才想到一定是供电局来人查电表了。她说了声“是我，别怕！”然后想进行一番解释，但已来不及了。那人大叫了一声，惊退了几步。理查兹夫人朝他走去，只见他“砰”的一声关上门逃走了。

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Lesson 14

A noble gangster

贵族歹徒

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How did Haywood make in times of peace?

There was a tine when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago that to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection.' If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.

Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured with as dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'

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曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:"人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.

600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意大利各城邦之间打伏,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。他80岁那年死去时,佛罗伦萨人为他举行了国葬,并为他画像以纪念这位"骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领袖乔凡尼.阿库托先生."

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Lesson 15

Fifty pence worth of trouble

五十便士的麻烦

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Did George get anything for his fifty pence? What?

Children always appreciate small gifts of money. Mum or dad, of course, provide a regular supply of pocket money, but uncles and ants are always a source of extra income. With some children, small sums go a long way. If fifty pence pieces are not exchanged for sweets, they rattle for months inside money boxes. Only very thrifty children manage to fill up a money box. For most of them, fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar of chocolate.

My nephew, George, has a money box but it is always empty. Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way there. I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him to save it. Instead he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble. On his way to the sweet shop, he dropped his fifty pence and it bounced along the pavement and then disappeared down a drain. George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves and pushed is right arm through the drain cover. He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere, and what is more, he could no get his arm out. A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbed his arm with soap and butter, but George was firmly stuck. The fire brigade was called and two fire fighter freed George using a special type of grease. George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with large box of chocolates.

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孩子们总是喜欢得到一些零花钱。爸爸妈妈当然经常给孩子零花钱，但是，叔舅婶姨也是孩子们额外收入来源。对于有些孩子来说，少量的钱可以花很长一段时间。如果50便士不拿来换糖吃，则可以放在储蓄罐里叮当响上好几月。但是能把储蓄罐装满的只有屈指可数的几个特别节俭的孩子。对大部分孩子来说，用50便士来买一大块好的巧克力，是算不了什么的。

我的外甥乔治有一个储蓄罐，但总是空空的。我给了不少50便士的硬币，但没有几个存到储蓄罐里。昨天，我给了他50便士让存起来，却拿这钱给自己买了50便士的麻烦。在他去糖果店的路上，50便士掉在地上，在人行道上跳了几下，掉进了阴沟里。乔治脱掉外套，卷起袖子，将右胳膊伸进了阴沟盖。但他摸了半天也没找到那50便士硬币，他的胳膊反倒退不出来了。这时在他周围上了许多人，一位女士在乔治胳膊上抹了肥皂，黄油，但乔治的胳膊仍然卡得紧紧的。有人打电话叫来消防队，两位消防队员使用了一种特殊的润滑剂才使乔治得以解脱。不过，此事并没使乔治过于伤心，因为糖果店老板娘听说了他遇到的麻烦后，赏给他一大盒巧克力。

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Lesson 16

Mary had a little lamb

玛丽有一头羔羊

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Was Dimitri right to apologize to his neighbour? Why not?

Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen.

When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the little black lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain!

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玛丽与丈夫迪米特里住在希腊南部一个叫波拉考拉的小村庄里。玛丽最珍贵的财产之一就是丈夫送给她的一只白色小羔羊。白天，玛丽把羔羊拴在地里的一颗树上，每天晚上把它牵回家。可是，一天晚上，那只小羔羊失踪了。绳子被人割断，很明显小羔羊是被人偷走了。

迪米特里从地里回来，妻子把情况跟他一说，他马上出去找偷羔羊的人。他知道在这样一个小村庄里抓住小偷并不困难。把失窃的事告诉几个朋友后，迪米特里发出他的邻居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。迪米特里立刻去了阿列科家，气呼呼地指责他偷了羔羊，告诉他最好把羊交还，否则就去叫警察。阿列科不承认，并把迪米特里领进院子。不错，他的确刚买了一只羔羊，阿列科解释说，但他的羔羊是黑色的。迪米特里为自己的鲁莽而感到不好意思，向阿列科道了歉，说是错怪了他。就在他俩说话的时候，天下起了雨，迪米特里便呆在阿列科家里避雨，一直等到雨停为止。半小时后，当他从屋里出来时，他惊奇地发现小黑羔羊全身几乎都变成白色。原来羊毛上染的黑色被雨水冲掉了！

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Lesson 17

The longest suspension

bridge in the world

世界上最长的吊桥

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How is the bridge supported?

Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme. He described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.' Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.

The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms make of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer's dream to create 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'.

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1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：“地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。

维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26，108股钢绳组成。据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而，这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的梦想。

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Lesson 18

Electric currents in modern art

现代艺术的电流

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How might some of the exhibits have been dangerous?

Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more. The idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places. Strange forms stand in gardens, and outside buildings and shops. We have got quite used to them. Some so-called 'modern' pieces have been on display for nearly eighty years.

In spite of this, some people -- including myself -- were surprise by a recent exhibition of modern sculpture. The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice which said: 'Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!' The objects on display were pieces of moving sculpture. Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody. These objects, however, were different. Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. The spheres had been magnetized and attracted or repelled each other all the time. In the centre of the hall, there were a number of tall structures which contained coloured lights. These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily. It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment. These peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well!

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现代雕塑不再使我们感到惊讶了。那种认为现代艺术只能在博物馆里才能看到的观点是错误的。即使是对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会注意到在公共场所展示的现代艺术品。公园里、大楼和商店外竖立着的奇形怪状的雕塑，对这些，我们已经司空见惯了。有些所谓的“现代”艺术品在那里已经陈列了近80年了。

尽管如此，最近举办的一次现代雕塑展览还是使一些人（包括我在内）大吃了一惊。走进展厅首先看到的是一张告示，上面写着“切勿触摸展品，某些展品有危险！”展品都是些活动的雕像。人们所熟悉的是悬挂在天花板上、造型奇特、随风飘荡的雕塑品。这些展品却使人大开眼界。靠墙排列着许多细长的电线，而电线又连着金属球。金属球经过磁化，互相之间不停地相互吸引或相互排斥。展厅中央是装有彩色灯泡的许多高高的构件，灯泡一刻不停地闪烁着，就像失去了控制的红绿灯。小黑盒子里迸出火花，红色灯泡发怒似地忽明忽暗。这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。好像设计这些奇形怪状的展品不仅是为了给人感情上的强烈刺激，而且还想给人以电击似的！

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Lesson 19

A very dear cat

一条贵重的宝贝猫

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why was Rastus 'very dear' in more ways than one?

Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay's cat. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years. Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o'clock. One evening, however, he failed to arrive. Mrs. Ramsay got very worried. She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.

There days after Rastus' disappearance, Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter. The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of $1,000. Mrs. Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door. At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again -- the letter had made that quite clear -- she changed her mind. She withdrew $1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper's instructions. The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word. Sure enough, Rastus arrived punctually at seven o'clock that evening. He looked very well though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk. The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done. She explained that Rastus was very dear to her. Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!

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绑架者很少对动物感兴趣。最近，绑架者却盯上了埃莉诺.拉姆齐太太的猫。埃莉诺.拉姆齐太太是一个非常富有的老妇人，多年来，一直同她养的猫拉斯一起住在一所公寓里。拉斯特斯生活很有规律，傍晚常常出去溜达一会儿，并且总是在7点钟以前回来。可是，有一天晚上，它出去后再也没回来。拉姆齐太太急坏了，四处寻找，但没有找着。

拉斯特斯失踪3天后，拉姆齐太太收到一封匿名信。写信人声称拉斯特斯安然无恙，只要拉姆齐太太愿意支付1,000 英镑赎金，可以立即将猫送还。他让拉姆齐太太把钱放在一个纸盒里，然后将纸盒放在门口。一开始拉姆齐太太打算报告警察，但又害怕再也见不到拉斯特斯——这点，信上说得十分明白——于是便改变了主意。她从银行取出1,000 英镑，并照绑架者的要求做了。第二天早晨，放钱的盒子不见了。但拉姆齐太太确信绑架者是会履行诺言的。果然，当天晚上7点正，拉斯特斯准时回来了。它看上去一切正常，只是口渴得很，喝了半瓶牛奶。拉姆齐太太把她所做的事告诉了警察，警察听后大为吃惊。拉姆齐太太解释说她心疼她的猫拉斯特斯。想到她所花的那笔钱，她的心疼就具有双重意义了。

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Lesson 20

Pioneer pilots

飞行员的先驱

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the name of the first plane to fly across the English Channel?

In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of $1,000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel. Over a year passed before the first attempt was made. On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the 'Antoinette IV.' He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on sea. The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.

Two days alter, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'. Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his lattes model. A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles. Latham, however, did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new??'Antoinette'. It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough, After making a short test flight at 4,15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later. His great flight lasted thirty-seven minutes. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman. Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again. His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.

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1908年，诺斯克利夫勋爵拿出1,000英镑，作为对第一个飞越英吉利海峡的人的奖励。然而一年多过去了才有人出来尝试。1909年7月19日凌晨，休伯特.莱瑟姆驾驶“安特瓦特4号”飞机从法国海岸起飞，但他只在海峡上空飞行7英里，引擎就发生了故障，他只好降落在海面上。“安特瓦特”号飞机在海上漂浮，后来有船经过，莱瑟姆方才获救。

两天之后，路易斯.布莱里奥驾驶一名为“11号”的飞机来到加来附近。布莱里奥从1905年起便开始研制飞机，“11号”飞机是他制作的最新型号。一周以前，他曾成功地进行了一次26英里的陆上飞行。但是莱瑟姆不肯轻易罢休。同一天，他驾驶一架新的“安特瓦特”号飞机来到了加来附近。看来会有一场激烈的飞越英吉利海峡的竞争。两天飞机都打算在7月25日起飞，但莱瑟姆那天起床晚了。布莱里奥凌晨4点15分作了一次短距离试飞，半小时后便正式出发了。他这次伟大的飞行持续37分钟。当他在多佛着陆后，第一个迎接他的是当地一名警察。莱瑟姆一周以后也作了一次尝试，飞到离多佛不到半英里的地方。这次他又遭厄运，因引擎故障第二次降落在海面上。

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Lesson 21

Daniel Mendoza

丹尼尔.门多萨

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How many unsuccessful attempts did Mendoza make before becoming Champion of all England?

Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. Because of this, they were known as 'prizefighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for these were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.

One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In this day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.

Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as $100 for a single appear one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as $100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.

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两百年前，拳击比赛在英国非常盛行。当时，拳击手们不戴手套，为争夺奖金而搏斗。因此，他们被称作“职业拳击手”。不过，拳击是十分野蛮的，因为当时没有任何比赛规则，职业拳击手有可能在比赛中受重伤，甚至丧命。

拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨，他生于1764年。1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击比赛制定了规则，拳击比赛这才用上了手套。虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面，他作出了重大贡献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。门多萨在的全盛时期深受大家欢迎，无论是富人还是穷人都对他祟拜备至。

门多萨在14岁时参加一场拳击赛后一举成名。这引起当时英国拳坛名将理查德.汉弗莱斯的注意。他主动提出教授门多萨，而年少的门多萨一学就会。事实上，门多萨不久便名声大振，致使汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。两个人争吵不休，显而易见，只有较量一番才能解决问题。于是两人在斯蒂尔顿设下赛场，厮打了一个小时。公众把大笔赌注下到了门多萨身上，但他却输了。后来，门多萨与汉弗莱斯再次在拳击场上较量，门多萨又输了一场。直到1790年他们第3次对垒，门多萨才终于击败汉弗莱斯，成了全英拳击冠军。同时，他建立了一所拳击学校，办得很成功，连拜伦勋爵也成了他的学生。门多萨挣来大笔大笔的钱，一次出场费就多可达100英镑。尽管收入不少，但他挥霍无度，经常债台高筑。他在被一个叫杰克逊绅士的拳击手击败后很快被遗忘。他因无力还债而被捕入狱，最后于1836年在贫困中死去。

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Lesson 22

By heart

熟记台词

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Which actor read the letter in the end, the aristocrat or the gaoler?

Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end, In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case.

A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.

One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his bands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'. And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire, I must get my glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusem*nt, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter with he proceeded to read to the prisoner.

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有些剧目十分成功，以致连续上演好几年。这样一来，可怜的演员们可倒霉了。因为他们需要一夜连着一夜地重复同样的台词。人们以为，这些演员一定会把台词背得烂熟，绝不会临场结巴的，但情况却并不总是这样。

有一位名演员曾在一出极为成功的剧目中扮演一个贵族角色，这个贵族已在巴士底狱被关押了20年。在最后一幕中，狱卒手持一封信上场，然后将信交给狱中那位贵族。尽管那个贵族每场戏都得念一遍那封信。但他还是坚持要求将信的全文写在信纸上。

一天晚上，狱卒决定与他的同事开一个玩笑，看看他反复演出这么多场之后，是否已将信的内容记熟了。大幕拉开，最后一幕戏开演，贵族独自一人坐在铁窗后阴暗的牢房里。这时狱卒上场，手里拿着那封珍贵的信。狱卒走进牢房，将信交给贵族。但这回狱卒给贵族的信没有像往常那样把全文写全，而是一张白纸。狱卒热切地观察着，急于想了解他的同事是否记熟了台词。贵族盯着纸看了几秒钟，然后，眼珠一转，说道：“光线太暗，请给我读一下这封信。”说完，他一下子把信递给狱卒。狱卒发现自己连一个字也记不住，于是便说：“陛下，这儿光线的确太暗了，我得去眼镜拿来。”他一边说着，一边匆匆下台。贵族感到非常好笑的是：一会儿工夫，狱卒重新登台，拿来一副眼镜以及平时使用的那封信，然后为那囚犯念了起来。

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Lesson 23

One man's meat is

another man's poison

各有所爱

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was it about snails that made the writer collect them for his friend on that in particular?

People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat -- the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.

No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.

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在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候，人们往往变得不合情理。比如，如果你住在地中海地区，你会把章鱼视作是美味佳肴，同时不能理解为什么有人一见章鱼就恶心。另一方面，你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反胃，但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹任方法。不无遗憾的是， 我们中的大部分人，生来就只吃某几种食品，而且一辈子都这样。

没有一种生物所受到的赞美和厌恶会超过花园里常见的蜗牛了。蜗牛加酒烧煮后，便成了世界上许多地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不计其数的人们从小就知道蜗牛可做菜。但我的朋友罗伯特却住在一个厌恶蜗牛的国家中。他住在大城市里的一所公寓里，没有自己的花园。多年来，他一直让我把我园子里的蜗牛收集起来给他捎去。一开始，他的这一想法没有引起我多大兴趣。后来有一天，一场大雨后，我在花园里漫无目的散步，突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠的蠕动着。我一时冲动，逮了几十只，装进一只纸袋里，带着去找罗伯特。罗伯特见到我很高兴，对我的薄礼也感到满意。我把纸袋放在门厅里，与罗伯特一起进了起居室，在那里聊了好几个钟头。我把蜗牛的事已忘得一干二净，罗伯特突然提出一定要我留下来吃晚饭，这才提醒了我。蜗牛当然是道主菜。我并不喜欢这个主意，所以我勉强跟着罗伯特走进了起居室。使我们惊愕的是门厅里到处爬满了蜗牛：它们从纸袋里逃了出来，爬得满厅都是！从那以后，我再也不能看一眼蜗牛了。

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Lesson 24

A skeleton in the cupboard

“家丑”

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Who was Sebastian?

We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton in the cupboard'. At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined. The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.

It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very pound of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. I once spend an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house. George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang one of the tow suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. A skeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than "a terrible secret'; this was a read skeleton! But George was unsympathetic. 'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. 'That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'

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在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，却有着某种多年不为人所知的骇人听闻的秘密。英语中有一个生动的说法来形容这种情况。惊人的秘密称作“柜中骷髅”。在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。当读者到小说最后几页了解到书中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可爱的老妇人年轻时一连毒死了她的5个丈夫时，不禁会毛骨悚然。

这种事发生在小说中是无可非议的。尽管我们人人都有各种大小秘密。连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道， 但我们当中极少有人有柜中骷髅。我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷嵝的人便是乔治.卡尔顿，他甚至引以为自豪。乔治年轻时学过医，然而，他后来没当上医生，却成了一位成功的侦探小说作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，过得很不愉快。这事我永远不会忘记。乔治把我领进客房，说这间很少使用。他让我打开行装后下楼吃饭。我将衬衫、内衣放进两个空抽屉里，然后我想把随身带来的两套西服中的一套挂到大衣柜里去。我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下惊呆了。一具骷髅悬挂在眼前，由于柜门突然打开，它也随之轻微摇晃起来，让我觉得它好像马上要跳出柜门朝我扑过来似的。我扔下西服冲下楼去告诉乔治。这是比“骇人听闻的秘密”更加惊人的东西，这是一具真正的骷髅啊！但乔治却无动于衷。“噢，是它呀！他笑着说道，俨然在谈论一位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是学医的了。”

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Lesson 25

The Cutty Sark

“卡蒂萨克”号帆船

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What piece of bad luck prevented the Cutty Sark from winning the race?

One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greewich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.

The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. These is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.

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人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船，在蒸汽船取代帆船之前。“卡蒂萨克”号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。“卡蒂萨克”号是帆船制造史上建造的最快的一艘帆船。唯一可以与之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”号帆船。两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。这场比赛持续了整整4个月，是这类比赛中的最后一次，它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。

比赛开始后，“赛姆皮雷”号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，“卡萨萨克”号驶到了前面。看来，它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了，但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。8月份“卡蒂萨克”号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。船身左右摇晃，无法操纵。船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位，这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。因为这个缘故，“卡蒂萨克”号落到了后面。跨越赤道后，船长将船停靠在一个港口，在那儿换了一只舵。但此时，“赛姆皮雷”号早已在500多英里之遥了。尽管换装新舵时分秒必争，但“卡蒂萨克”号已经不可能取胜了，它抵达英国时比“塞姆皮雷”号晚了1个星期。但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，这个成绩也已很不容易了。毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵， “卡帝萨克”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。

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Lesson 26

Wanted: a large biscuit tin

征购大饼干筒

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Listen who the prize for biggest biscuit?

No one can avoid being influenced by advertisem*nts. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.

Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing. An advertisem*nt which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.

During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory. They offered to pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener. The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. It weighed nearly 500 pounds. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed. The largest was 713 pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, or they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.

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没有人能避免受广告的影响。尽管我们可以自夸自己的鉴赏力如何敏锐，但我们已经无法独立自主地选购自己所需的东西了。这是因为广告在我们身上施加着一种潜移默化的影响。做广告的人在力图劝说我们买下这种产品或那种产品之前，已经仔细地研究了人的本性，并把人的弱点进行了分类。

做广告的人们多年前就发现我们大家都喜欢免费得到东西。凡是用“免费”这个神奇的词开头的广告很少会失败的。目前，做广告的人不仅提供免费样品，而且还提供免费汽车，免费住房，免费周游世界。他们设计数以百计的竞赛，竞赛中有人可赢得巨额奖金。电台、电视使做广告的人可以用这种手段吸引成百万人的注意力。

有一次，在电台播放的节目里，一个生产饼干的公司请听众烘制饼干送到他们的工厂去。他们愿意以每磅10美元的价钱买下由听众烘制的最大的饼干。这次竞赛在听众中引起极其热烈的反响。不久，形状各异，大小不一的饼干陆续送到工厂。一位女士用手推车运来一个饼干，重达500磅左右。相隔不一会儿，一个男子也带来一个大饼干，那个饼干把汽车的行李箱挤得满满的。凡送来的饼干都仔细地称量。最重的一个达713磅，看来这个饼干获奖无疑了。但就在竞赛截止时间将到之际，一辆卡车驶进了工厂，运来了一个特大无比、重达2,400磅的饼干。它是由一个大学生烘制的，用去1,000多磅的面粉、800磅食糖、200磅动物脂肪及400磅其他各种原料。饼干份量太重了，用了一台起重机才把它从卡车上卸下。饼干公司不得不付出比他们预计多得多的钱，因为为买下那学生烘制的饼干他们支付了24,000美元。

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Lesson 27

Nothing to sell

and nothing to buy

不卖也不买

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What is the most important thing for a tramp?

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but his is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or stead occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of my even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

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据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。

在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？

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Lesson 28

Five pound too dear

五磅也太贵

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why was even five pounds 'too dear'?

Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board and the decks were son covered with colourful rugs from Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware. It was difficult not to be tempted. Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decide not to buy anything until I had disembarked.

I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring. I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds. Some of them were as big as marbles. The man went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real. As we were walking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I examined one of the pens closely. It certainly looked genuine. At the base of the gold cap, the words 'made in the U.S.A' had been nearly inscribed. The man said that the pen was worth $50, but as a special favour, he would let me have it for $30. I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay $5. Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually reduced the price to $10. Shrugging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands. Though he kept throwing up his arms in despair, he readily accepted the $5 I have him. I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain -- until I got back to the ship. No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a single world!

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当一艘大型班船进港的时候，许多小船载着各种杂货快速向客轮驶来。大船还未下锚。小船上的人就纷纷爬上客轮。一会儿工夫，甲板上就摆满了色彩斑斓的波斯地毯。印度丝绸。铜咖啡壶以及手工制作的漂亮的银器。要想不为这些东西所动心是很困难的。船上许多游客开始同商贩讨价还价起来，但我打定主意上岸之前什么也不买。

我刚下船，就被一个人截住，他向我兜售一枚钻石戒指。我根本不想买，但我不能掩饰这样一个事实：其钻石之大给我留下了深刻的印象。有的钻石像玻璃球那么大。那人竭力想证明那钻石是真货。我们路过一家商店时，他将一颗钻石使劲地往橱窗上一按，在玻璃上留下一道深痕。我花了半个多小时才摆脱了他的纠缠。

向我兜售的第二个人是卖名贵钢笔和手表的。我仔细察看了一枝钢笔，那看上去确实不假，金笔帽下方整齐地刻有“美国制造”字样。那人说那支笔值50英镑，作为特别优惠，他愿意让我出30英镑成交。我摇摇头，伸出5根手指表示我只愿出5镑钱。那人激动地打着手势，仿佛我的出价使他不能容忍。但他终于把价钱降到了10英镑。我耸耸肩膀掉头走开了。一会儿，他突然从后追了上来，把笔塞到我手里。虽然他绝望地举起双手，但他毫不迟疑地收下了我付给他的5镑钱。在回到船上之前，我一直为我的绝妙的讨价还价而洋洋得意。然而不管我如何摆弄，那枝漂亮的钢笔就是吸不进墨水来。直到今天，那枝笔连一个字也没写过！

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Lesson 29

Funny or not?

是否可笑？

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What is the basis of 'sick' humour?

Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on were we have been brought up. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke witch would make an Englishman laugh to tears.

Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from the U.S., has recently come into fashion. It is called 'sick humour'. Comedians base their jokes on tragic situation like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you to judge for yourself.

A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital. Though the doctors did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. On Christmas Day, the man still had his right leg in plaster. He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. The good. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Years' Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.

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我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。

大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。它被叫作“病态幽默”。喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。

圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。

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Lesson 30

The death of a ghost

幽灵之死

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did the two brothers keep the secret?

For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was hunted. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox. They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story. Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight. Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned. A farm worker, who stayed up all night claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. In time, it became an accepted fact the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.

No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen. This was indeed the case. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man. After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years.

Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War. As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war. Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well. His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action. The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob. They did not even tell their wives. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse. He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

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多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场在闹鬼。恩得利农场属于乔.考科斯和鲍勃.考科斯兄弟俩所有。他们雇了几个农工，但谁也不愿意在那儿长期工作下去。每次雇工辞职后都叙述着同样的故事。雇工们说，常常一早起来发现有人在夜里把活干了，干草已切好，牛棚也打扫干净了。有一个彻夜未眠的雇工还声称他看见一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。随着时间的流逝，考科斯兄弟雇了一个尽心尽责的鬼，他们家的活大部分都让鬼给干了，这件事成了公认的事实。

谁也没想到农场竟会有一个从未露面的人。但事实上确有此人。不久之前，村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了。大家都去参加了葬礼，因为那“鬼”不是别人，正是农场主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。人们以为埃里克年轻时就死了。葬礼之后，乔和鲍勃透露了他们保守了长达50多年的秘密。

埃里克是这家长子。年龄比他两个弟弟大很多，第二次世界大战期间被迫参军。他讨厌军旅生活，决定逃离所在部队。当他了解自己将被派遣出国时，他逃回农场，父亲把他藏了起来，直到战争结束。由于害怕当局，埃里克战后继续深藏不露。他的父亲告诉大家，埃里克在战争中被打死了。除此之外，只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。父亲死后，他们兄弟俩认为有责任继续把埃里克藏起来。这些年来，埃里克过着隐士生活，白天睡觉，夜里出来干活，一点不知道自己已成了恩得利家场的活鬼。他死后，他的弟弟们才觉得无法再保守这个秘密了。

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Lesson 31

A lovable eccentric

可爱的怪人

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did the shop assistant refuse to serve Dickie?

True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary. This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.

Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town. He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life. He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.

Dickie disliked snobs intensely. Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot. Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella. One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower. He wanted to buy a $300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition than an assistant refused to serve him. Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag. As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter. The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager. Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, the presented the assistant with the cloth bag. It contained $300 in pennies. He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left -- 30,000 pennies in all! On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings. This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie. It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.

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真正古怪的人从不有意引人注意。他们不顾社会习俗，意识不到自己所作所为有什么特殊之处。他们总能赢得别人的喜爱与尊敬，因为他们给平淡单一的日常生活增添了色彩。

理查德.科尔森生前是我们镇上最有名望的人之一。他是个精明能干、有钱的商人，但镇上大部分人对他生活中的这一个方面几乎一无所知。大家都管他叫迪基。早在他去世前很久，他的古怪行为就成了传奇故事了。

迪基痛恨势利小人。尽管他有一辆豪华小轿车，但却很少使用，常常喜欢以步代车。即使大雨倾盆，他也总是拒绝带伞。一天，他遇上一场瓢泼大雨，淋得透湿。他走进一家高级商店，要为妻子买一块价值300英镑的手表。但店员见他浑身泥水的样子，竟不肯接待他。迪基二话没说就走了。一会儿，他带着一个大布口袋回到店里。布袋很沉，他重重地把布袋扔在柜台上。店员让迪基走开，他置之不理，并要求见经理。经理认出了这位顾客，表示了深深的歉意，还严厉地训斥了店员。店员为迪基拿出了那块手表，迪基把布口袋递给他，口袋里面装着300镑的便士。他坚持要店员点清那些硬币后他才离去。这些硬币加在一起共有30,000枚！ 还有一次，他邀请一些著名评论家来参观他私人收藏的现代画。这次展览引起报界广泛注意，因为这些画名义上是名家的作品，事实上是迪基自己画的。他花了4年时间策划这出精心设计的闹剧，只是想证明评论家们有时并不解他们所谈论的事情。

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Lesson 32

A lost ship

一艘沉船

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Did the crew of the Elkor find what they were looking for? Why?

The salvage operation had been a complete failure. The small ship, Elkor, which had been searching the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home. A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's captain instructing him to give up the search. The captain knew that another attempt would be made later, for the sunken ship he was trying to find had been carrying a precious cargo of gold bullion.

Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more. The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board went a chest was raised from the bottom. Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. What they had in fact found was a ship which had been sunk many years before.

The chest contained the personal belongings of a seaman, Alan Fielding. There were books, clothing and photographs, together with letters which the seaman had once received from his wife. The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck. Nothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be of great interest. From a heavy gun that was raised, the captain realized that the ship must have been a cruiser. In another chest, which contained the belongings of a ship's officer, there was an unfinished letter which had been written on March 14th, 1943. The captain learnt from the letter that the name of the lost ship was the Karen. The most valuable find of all was the ship's log book, parts of which it was still possible to read. From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come to light. The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine. This was later confirmed by naval official at the Ministry of Defiance after the Elkor had returned home. All the items that were found were sent to the War Museum.

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打捞工作彻底失败了。小船“埃尔科”号在巴伦支海搜寻了几个星期之后，正在返航途中。返航前，该船船长收到了大陆发来的电报，指示他们放弃这次搜寻。船长知道日后还会再作尝试，因为他试图寻找的沉船上载有一批珍贵的金条。

尽管船长接了电报，他还是决定再试一试。他们用结实的网把海床搜索了一遍。当一只箱子从海底被打捞上来时，甲板上人们激动不已。船员们开始认为沉船找着了，但海底沉箱内的物品证明他们弄错了。事实上，他们发现的是另一艘沉没多年的船。

木箱内装有水手艾伦.菲尔丁的私人财物，其中有书箱、衣服、照片以及水手收到的妻子的来信。“埃尔科”号船长命令船员们尽量从沉船中打捞物品，但没发现什么值钱的东西，不过打捞出来的众多的物品还是引起了大家极大的兴趣。从捞起的一门大炮来看，船长认为那艘船一定是艘巡洋舰。另一只海底沉箱中装的是船上一位军官的财物，其中有一封写于1943年3月14日的信，但没有写完。从这封信中船长了解到沉船船名是“卡伦”号。打捞到的东西中最有价值的是船上的航海日志，其中有一部分仍然清晰可读。据此，船长可以将所有的那些已经搞清的材料拼凑起来。“卡伦”号当年在为其他船只护航驶往俄国的途中突然遭到敌方潜水艇鱼雷的袭击。这一说法在“埃尔科”号返航后得到的国防部一位海军官员的证实。那次打捞到的所有物品均被送往军事博物馆。

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Lesson 33

A day t remember

难忘的一天

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What incident began the series of traffic accidents?

We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment. It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings and this marks the prelude to an unforeseen series of catastrophes. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, smashing half your best crockery and cutting himself in the process. You hang up hurriedly and attend to baby, crockery, etc. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.

Things can go wrong on a big scale, as a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney. During the rush hour one evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue. The woman immediately behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car. This made the driver following her brake hard. His wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake. As she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road. Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a sudden. The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road. This led to yet another angry argument. Meanwhile, the traffic piled up behind. It took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the lorry driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake. It was just one of those days!

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我们大家都有过事事不顺心的日子。一天开始时，可能还不错，但突然间似乎一切都失去了控制。情况经常是这样的，许许多多的事情都偏偏赶在同一时刻出问题，好像是一件无关紧要的小事引起了一连串的连锁反应。假设你在做饭，同时又在照看孩子。这时电话铃响了。它预示着一连串意想不到的灾难的来临。就在你接电话时，孩子把桌布从桌子上扯下来，将家中最好的陶瓷餐具半数摔碎，同时也弄伤了他自己。你急急忙忙挂上电话，赶去照看孩子和餐具。这时，饭又烧糊了。好像这一切还不足以使你急得掉泪，你的丈夫接着回来了，事先没打招呼就带来3个客人吃饭。

就像许多人最近在悉尼郊区帕拉马塔发现的那样，有时乱子会闹得很大。一天傍晚交通最拥挤时，一辆汽车撞上前面一辆汽车，两个司机争吵起来。紧跟其后的一辆车上的司机碰巧是个初学者，她一惊之下突然把车停了下来。她这一停使得跟在后头的司机也来个急刹车。司机妻子正坐在他身边，手里托着块大蛋糕。她往前一冲，蛋糕从挡风玻璃飞了出去掉到马路上。此时，一辆卡车正好从后边开到那辆汽车边上，司机看见一块蛋糕从天而降，紧急刹车。卡车上装着空啤酒瓶。成百只瓶子顺势从卡车后面滑出车外落在马路上。这又引起一场唇枪舌剑的争吵。与此同时，后面的车辆排成了长龙，警察花了将近一个小时才使车辆又开起来。在这段时间里，卡车司机不得不清扫那几百只破瓶子。只有两只野狗从这一片混乱中得到好处，它们贪婪地吃掉了剩下的蛋糕。这就是事事不顺心的那么一天！

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Lesson 34

A happy discovery

幸运的发现

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the 'happy discovery'?

Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people. The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place. But no one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious antique shop. There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that little the floors.

No one discovers a rarity by chance. A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it. To do this, he must be at least as knowledgeable as the dealer. Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.

My old friend, Frank Halliday, is just such a person. He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere $50. One Saturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood. As he had never been there before, he found a great deal to interest him. The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor. The morning passed rapidly and Frank just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it. Frank begged him to do so and the dealer reluctantly prised it open. The contents were disappointing. Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of it broken. Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box an suddenly noticed a miniature painting at the bottom of the packing case. As its composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it. Glancing at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth $50. Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for he knew that he had made a real discovery. The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.

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古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。而对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用壮着胆子才敢往里进。人们还常常有希望在发霉、阴暗、杂乱无章、迷宫般的店堂里，从杂乱地摆放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各样的破烂货里找到一件稀世珍品。

无论是谁都不会一下子就发现一件珍品。一个到处找便宜的人必须具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品时要有鉴别珍品的能力。要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。他必须像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家那样抱有这样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会取得丰硕的成果。

我的老朋友弗兰克.哈利戴正是这样一个人。他多次向我详细讲他如何只花50英镑便买到一位名家的杰作。一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。由于他从未去过那儿，结果他发现许多有趣的东西。上午很快过去了，弗兰克正准备离去，突然看见地板上放着一只体积很大的货箱。古董商告诉他那只货箱刚到不久，但他嫌麻烦不想把它打开。经弗兰克恳求，古董商才勉强把货箱撬开了。箱内东西令人失望。除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外，货箱内装满陶器，而且大部分都已破碎裂。弗兰克轻轻地把陶器拿出箱子，突然发现在箱底有一幅微型画，画面构图与纸条使他想起一幅他所熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定将画买了下来。古董商漫不经心看了一眼那幅画，告诉弗兰克那画值50英镑。弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己兴奋的心情，因为他明白自己发现了一件珍品。那幅不大的画原来是柯勒乔的一幅未被发现的杰作，价值几十万英镑。

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Lesson 35

Justice was done

伸张正义

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

The word 'justice' is given two different meanings in the text. What is the distinction between them?

The word justice is usually associated with courts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.

There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept. Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. At such times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like 'it serves him right', we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circ*mstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.

When a thief was caught on the premises of large jewellery store on morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right.' The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffed cry coming from behind on of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade. The cry had certainly come form one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the fire fighters could not be certain which one it was. They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries. After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney. As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the fire fighters were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall. The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.

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“正义”这个词常常是同法庭连在一起的。当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。正义是复杂的法律机器组成部分。那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路，从来没有把握他们最终将到正义。法官无论如何聪明与有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。

在个别情况下，正义不再是一种抽象概念。奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。在这种时候，正义像一种有生命的力量行使其职能。当我们说“他罪有应得”这句话的时候，我们部分承认了某种特定的环境使得正义自动地起了作用。

一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：“他罪有应得。”那是一座老式的、经过改造的房子，店里有许多废置不用的大壁炉和又高又窄的烟囱。快到中午的时候，一个女售货员听见从一堵墙里传出一种闷声闷气的叫声。由于这种喊叫声重复了几次，她跑去报告经理，经理当即给消防队挂了电话。喊叫声肯定是从烟囱里传出来的，然而，因为烟囱太多，消防队员无法确定到底是哪一个。他们通过叫击烟囱倾叫声而确定传出声音的那个烟囱。他们凿透了18英寸厚的墙壁，发现有个人卡在烟囱里。由于烟囱太窄，那人无法动弹。消防队员在墙上挖了个大洞，才终于把他解救出来。那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。他已经在烟囱里被困了将近10个小时。甚至在那人还没被送交给警察之前，正义就已得到了伸张。

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Lesson 36

A chance in a million

百万分之一的机遇

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the chance in a million?

We are less credulous than we used to be. In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences -- most of them wildly improbable. Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was really the hero's mother. A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive all the time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall. And so on. Modern readers would find such naive solution totally unacceptable. Yet, in real life, circ*mstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.

When I was a boy, my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years before. While on a walking tour with his wife, he stooped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman commented on the workman's close resemblance to her husband and even suggested that he might be his brother. Franz poured scorn on the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war. Though Mrs. Busssman fully acquainted with this story, she thought that there was a chance in a million that she might be right. A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman. Needless to say, the man's name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz's long-lost brother. When the brothers were reunited, Hans explained how it was that he was still alive. After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit. The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed. Hans returned to his family home, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew what had become of the inhabitants. Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since.

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我们不再像以往那样轻易相信别人了。在19世纪，小说家常在小说结尾处给读者准备一系列的巧合——大部分是牵强附会，极不可能的。当时的读者却愉快地接受这样一些事实，一个低贱的女佣实际上是主人公的母亲；主人公一位长期失散的兄弟，大家都以为死了，实际上一直活着，并且正在策划暗算主人公；如此等等，现代读者会觉得这种天真的结局完全无法接受。不过，在现实生活中，有时确实会出现一些巧合，这些巧合除了19世纪小说家外谁也不会相信。

当我是个孩子的时候，我祖父给我讲了一位德国出租汽车司机弗朗兹。巴斯曼如何找到了据信已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。一次，他与妻子徒步旅行。途中，停下来与一个工人交谈，接着他们继续往前走去。巴斯曼夫人说那工人与她丈夫相貌很像，甚至猜测他可能就是她丈夫的兄弟。弗朗兹对此不屑一顾，指出他兄弟已经在战争中阵亡了。尽管巴斯曼夫人熟知这个情况，但她仍然认为自己的想法仍有百万分之一的可能性。几天后，她派了一个男孩去问那人是否叫汉斯.巴斯曼。不出巴斯曼夫人所料，那人的名字真是汉斯.巴斯曼，他确实是弗朗兹失散多年的兄弟。兄弟俩团聚之时，汉斯说明了他活下来的经过，战争即将结束时，他负伤被送进医院，并与部队失去联系。医院遭到轰炸，汉斯步行回到了西德。与此同时，他所在部队被击溃，他的所有档案材料全部毁于战火。汉斯重返故里，但他的家已被炸毁，左邻右舍谁也不知原住户的下落，汉斯以为全家人都在空袭中遇难，于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下来，直至当日。

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Lesson 37

The Westhaven Express

开往威斯特海温的快车

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the mistake the author made?

We have learnt to expect that trains will be punctual. After years of conditioning, most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetables. Ships may be delayed by storms; flights may be cancelled because of bad weather, but trains must be on time. Only an exceptionally heavy snowfall might temporarily dislocate railway services. It is all too easy to blame the railway authorities when something does go wrong. The truth is that when mistakes occur, they are more likely to be ours than theirs.

After consulting my railway timetable, I noted with satisfaction that there was an express train to Westhaven. It went direct from my local station and the journey lasted mere hour and seventeen minutes. When I boarded the train, I could not help noticing that a great many local people got on as well. At the time, this did not strike me as odd. I reflected that there must be a great many local people besides myself who wished to take advantage of this excellent service. Neither was I surprise when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny station a few miles along the line. Even a mighty express train can be held up by signals. But when the train dawdled at station after station, I began to wonder, It suddenly dawned on me that this express was not roaring down the line at ninety miles an hour, but barely chugging along at thirty. One hour and seventeen minutes passed and we had not even covered half the distance. I asked a passenger if this was the Westhaven Express, but he had not even heard of it. I determined to lodge a complaint as soon as we arrived. Two hours later, I was talking angrily to the station master at Westhaven. When he denied the train's existence, I borrowed his copy of the timetable. There was a note of triumph in my voice when I told him that it was there in black and white. Glancing at it briefly, he told me to look again. A tiny asterisk conducted me to a footnote at the bottom of the page. It said: 'This service has been suspended.'

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我们已经习惯于相信火车总是准点的。经过多年的适应，大多数人对火车时刻表产生了一种不可动摇的信念。轮船船期可能因风暴而推延，飞机航班可能因恶劣天气而取消，唯有火车必然是准点的。只有非同寻常的大雪才可能暂时打乱铁路运行。因此，一旦铁路上真出了问题，人们便不加思索地责备铁路当局。事实上，差错很可能是我们自己，而不是铁路当局的。

我查看了列车时刻表，满意地了解到有一趟去威斯特海温的快车。这是趟直达车，旅途总共才需1小时17分钟。上车后，我不禁注意到许多当地人也上了车。一开始，我并不感到奇怪，我想除我之外，想利用快车之便的也一定大有人在。火车开出几英里即在一个小站威德里停了下来。对此，我不觉得奇怪，因为即便是特别快车也可能被信号拦住。但是，当火车一站接着一站往前蠕动时，我便产生了怀疑。我突然感到这趟快车并没以时速90英里的速度呼啸前进，而是卟哧卟哧地向前爬行，时速仅30英里。1小时17分过去了，走了还不到一半路程。我问一位乘客，这是不是开往威斯特海温的那趟快车，他说从未听说过有这么一趟快车。我决定到目的地就给铁路部门提意见。两小时后，我气呼呼地同威斯特海温站站长说起此事。他说根本没有这趟车。于是我借他本人的列车时刻表，我带着一种胜利者的调子告诉他那趟车白纸黑字。明明白白印在时刻表上。他迅速地扫视了一眼，让我再看一遍。一个小小的星形符号把我的目光引到了那页底部一个说明上。上面写着：“此趟列车暂停运行。”

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Lesson 38

The first calender

最早的日历

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What is the importance of the dots, lines, and symbols engraved on some, bones and ivory?

Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times. They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates. What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word. Films, videos, CDs and CD-ROMS are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have. They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action. But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task. He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available. Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.

Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.

Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths. The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C. By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code. They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar. It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls were not simply a form of artistic expression. They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing. It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them. It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.

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未来的历史学家在写我们这一段历史的时候会别具一格。对于逐渐积累起来的庞大材料，他们几乎不知道选取哪些好，而且，也不必完全依赖文字材料。电影、录像、光盘和光盘驱动器只是能为他们提供令人眼花缭乱的大量信息的几种手段。他们能够身临其境般地观看我们做事，倾听我们讲话。但是，历史学家企图重现遥远的过去可是一项艰巨的任务，他们必须根据现有的不充分的线索进行推理。即使看起来微不足道的遗物，也可能揭示人类早期历史的一些有趣的内容。

历史学家迄今认为日历是随农业的问世而出现的，因为当时人们面临着了解四季的实际需要，但近期科学研究发现，好像这种假设是不正确的。

长期以来，历史学家一直对雕刻在墙壁上、骨头上、古代长毛象的象牙上的点、线和形形色色的符号感到困惑不解。这些痕迹是游牧人留下的，他们生活在从公元前约35，000年到公元前10，000年的冰川期的末期，以狩猎、捕鱼为生。历史学家通过把世界各地留下的这种痕迹放在一起研究，终于弄懂了这种费解的代码。他们发现代码与昼夜更迭和月亮圆缺有关，事实上是一种最原始的日历。大家早就知道，画在墙上的狩猎图景并不是单纯的艺术表现形式，它们有着一定的含义，因为它们已接近古代人的文字形式。有时，这种图画与墙壁上的刻痕共存，它们之间可能有一定的联系。看来人类早就致力于探索四季变迁了，比人们想像的要早20,000年。

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Lesson 39

Nothing to worry about

不必担心

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the difference between Bruce's behaviour and that of other people?

The rough across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from. Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes, Bruce was not in the least perturbed. Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away. It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties. He simply had no sense of danger at all. No matter what the conditions were, he believed that a car should be driven as fast as it could possibly go.

As we bumped over eh dusty track, we swerved to avoid large boulders. The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car. We felt sure that sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine. Because of this, we kept looking back, wondering if we were leaving a trail of oil and petrol behind us.

What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared, giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes. But there was worse to come. Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure. In response to renewed pleadings, Bruce stopped. Though we all got out to examine the fissure, he remained in the car. We informed him that the fissure extended for fifty years and was tow feet wide and four feet deep. Even this had no effect. Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed, keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zigzag course. Before we had time to worry about what might happen, we were back on the plain again. Bruce consulted the map once more and told us that the village was now only fifteen miles away. Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across. Bruce charged at it, but in the middle, the car came to a grinding half. A yellow light on the dashboard flashed angrily and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine!

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穿越平原的道路高低不平，开车走了不远，路面愈加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开回我们出发的那个村庄去。尽管路面布满石头，坑坑洼洼，但布鲁斯却一点儿不慌乱。他瞥了一眼地图，告诉我们前面再走不到20英里就是一个村庄。这并不是说布鲁斯总是低估困难，而是他压根儿没有一点儿危险感。他认为不管路面情况如何，车必须以最高速度前进。

我们在尘士飞扬的道路上颠簸，车子东拐西弯，以躲开那些大圆石。车轮搅起的石块锤击车身，发出不祥的锤击声。我们想念迟早会飞起一个石块把油箱砸开一个窟窿，或者把发动机砸坏。因此，我们不时地掉过头，怀疑车后是否留下了机油和汽油的痕迹。

突然大石块不见了，前面是一片平地，唯一的障碍只有一簇簇灌木丛。这使我们长长地松了口气。但是更糟糕的事情在等着我们，离我们不远处，出现一个大裂缝。我们再次央求布鲁斯小心，他这才把车停了下来。我们纷纷下车察看那个大裂缝，他却呆在车上。我们告诉他那个大裂缝长50码，宽2英尺，深4英尺。这也没有对他产生任何影响。布鲁斯挂上慢档，把两只前轮分别搁在裂缝的两边，顺着弯弯曲曲的裂缝，以发疯的速度向前开去。我们还未来得及担心后果，车已重新开上了平地。布鲁斯又看了一眼地图，告诉我们那座村庄离我们只有15英里了。下一个障碍是一片约半英里宽的浅水塘。布鲁斯向水塘冲去，但车开到水塘当中，嘎吱一声停住了。仪表盘一盏黄灯闪着刺眼的光芒，布鲁斯兴致勃勃地宣布发动机里没油了！

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Lesson 40

Who's who

真假难辨

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

How did the policeman discover that the whole thing was a joke?

It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.

When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.

The student did in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen. He threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.

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谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧——戏弄人。请消防队来扑灭一场根本没有的大火是一种低级骗局，有自尊心的大学生决不会去做。大学生们常常做的是制造一种可笑的局面，使大家笑上一场，当然受害者是笑不出来的。

最近有个学生看见两个工人在学校门外用风钻干活，马上打电话报告警察，说有两个学生装扮成工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。挂上电话后，他又马上来到工人那儿，告诉他们若有个警察来让他们走开，不要把他当回事，还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。警察与工人都对那个学生事先通报情况表示感谢。

那个学生躲在附近一拱形的门廊里，在那儿可以看见、听到现场发生的一切。果然，警察来了，不礼貌地请工人离开此地；但其中一个工人粗鲁地回了几句。于是警察威胁要强行使他们离开。工人说，悉听尊便。警察去打电话叫人。一会儿工夫，又来了4个警察，规劝工人离开。由于工人拒绝停下手中的活，警察想夺风钻。两个工人奋力抗争，其中一个发了火，威胁说要去叫警察。警察听后讥讽地说，这大可不必，因为他俩已被逮捕了。其中一个工人装模作样地问道，在被带往警察局之前，是否可以打一个电话。警察同意了，陪他来到一个投币地电话前，当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成一场骗局的受害者。

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Lesson 41

Illusions of Pastoral peace

宁静田园生活的遐想

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What particular anxiety spoils the country dweller's visit to the theatre?

The quiet life of the country ahs never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of hem has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living. Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first co*ckcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.

If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably lie nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home. The cit dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisem*nts on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me who city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country.

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宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样了，或偶尔周末去游玩一下景象。我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一个人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。

如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发出城市可以为你提供生活最美好的东西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。物品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。

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Lesson 42

Modern cavemen

现代洞穴人

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

With what does the writer compare the Gouffre Berger?

Cave exploration, or pot-holing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.

Exploring really deep caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the pot-holer. The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3,723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunneled a course through a flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateau in the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered has not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French pot-holer, Berger. Since its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers' Everest. Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored.

A team of pot-holers recently went down the Gouffre Berger. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools. Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side. To protect themselves from the icy water, they had to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by the water. In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave. Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall. After switching on powerful arc lights, they saw great stalagmites -- some of them over forty feet high -- rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspended from the roof. Round about, piles of limestone glistened in all the colours of the rainbow. In the eerie silence of the cavern, the only sound that could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above them.

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洞穴勘查——或洞穴勘探——是一项比较新的体育活动。寻求独处的愿望或寻求意外发现的机会的欲望吸引人们来到地下深处。要想对洞穴探险者的动机作出满意的解释是不可能的。对洞穴探险者来说，洞穴有一种特殊的魅力，就像高山对登山者有特殊魅力一样。为什么洞空能引发人的那种探险本能，人们对此只能有一种模模糊糊的理解。

探测非常深的洞穴不是那些在星期日下午漫步的人所能胜任的。这种活动需要有军事行动般的周密布署和预见能力。有时需要花费整整8天时间来搭起绳梯，建立供应基地，然后才能到一个很深的洞穴里。作出这样的准备是必要的，因为无法预见到洞穴探险者究竟会遇到什么性质的困难。世界上最深的洞穴是格里诺布尔附近的高弗.伯杰洞，深达3,723英尺。这个深邃的洞穴是由一条地下暗泉冲刷岩石中的缝隙并使之慢慢变大而形成的。此洞的洞口在丹芬阿尔卑斯山的高原上，仅6英尺宽，很难被发现。若不是法国著名洞穴探险家伯杰由于偶然的机会发现了这个洞口的话，这个洞也许不会为人所知。自从被发现以后，这个洞成了洞穴探险者的珠穆朗玛峰，人们多次进入洞内探险，但至今尚有不少东西有待勘探。

最近，一队洞穴探险者下到了高弗.伯杰洞里。他们从高原上的窄缝进去，顺着笔直陡峭的洞壁往下爬。来到一条狭窄的走廊上。他们不得不侧着身子往前走，有时过浅溪，有时游过深潭。突然，他们来到一道瀑布前，那瀑布奔泻而下，注入洞底一处地下湖里。他们跳入湖中，把各种器具装上一只充气的橡皮艇，听任水流将他们带往对岸。湖水冰冷刺骨，他们必须穿上一种特制的橡皮服以保护自己。在湖的尽头，他们见到一大堆一大堆由湖水冲刷上岸的碎石。在这儿，他们可以听见一种连续不断的轰鸣声。后来他们发现这是由山洞顶部的一个小孔里喷出的水柱跌落到水潭中发出的声音。洞穴探险者从岩石缝里挤身过去，来到一个巨大的洞里，其大小相当于一个音乐厅。他们打开强力弧光灯，看见一株株巨大的石笋，有的高达40英尺，像树干似地向上长着，与洞顶悬挂下来的钟乳石相接。周围是一堆堆石灰石，像彩虹一样闪闪发光。洞里有一种可怕的寂静，唯一的可以听见的声响是高高的圆顶上不间断地滴水的嘀嗒声。

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Lesson 43

Fully insured

全保险

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Who owned the pie and why?

Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything. Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries in the world. If, however, you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather. Needless to say, the bigger the risk an insurance company takes, the higher the premium you will have to pay. It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for cost of salvaging a sunken ship. But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a sunken pie dish must surely be unique.

Admittedly it was an unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet long and six feet wide. It had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could be baked for an annual fair. The pie committee decided that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they insured it for the trip. Shortly after it was launched, the pie committee went to a local inn to celebrate. At the same time, a number of teenagers climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear, for during the party it capsized and sank in seven feet of water.

The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery truck to salvage the pie dish. Shivering in their wet clothes, the teenagers looked on while three men dived repeatedly into the water to locate the dish. They had little difficulty in finding it, but hauling it out of the water proved to be a serious problem. The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to attach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it. Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was put into operation. The dish rose to the surface and was gently drawn towards the canal bank. For one agonizing moment, the dish was perched precariously on the bank of the canal, but it suddenly overbalanced and slid back into the water. The men were now obliged to try once more. This time they fixed heavy metal clamps to both sides of the dish so that they could fasten the chains. The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting against the side of the canal. The winch was again put into operation and one of the men started up the truck. Several minutes later, the dish was again put into operation and one of the water. Water streamed in torrents over its sides with such force that it set up a huge wave in the canal. There was danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the bank and send the dish plunging into the water again. By working at tremendous speed, the men managed to get the dish on to dry land before the wave returned.

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保险公司一般说来愿意承保一切东西。承办公共财产或私人财产保险是世界上大部分国家的正常业务。如果你要举办一次露天游园会或盛宴，为避免碰上不好的天气而遭受损失也同样可以保险，不用说，保险公司承担风险越大，你付的保险费也就越高。航运公司为打捞沉船而提出索赔，这是常有的事，但某地当局为打捞一只焙制馅饼的盘子提出索赔，倒是件新鲜的事儿。

这个馅饼盘子确实少见，有18英尺长，6英尺宽。某地方当局买下它用来焙制一个巨大的馅饼为一年一度交易会助兴。馅饼委员会确认运输这只盘子的最佳方案是通过运河水运。于是，他们对这只盘子的运输安全投了保。盘子下水后不久，馅饼委员会成员们来到当地一家小酒店庆贺。就在这个时候，许多十几岁的孩子爬盘子举行他们自己的集会。他们跳起了舞，盘子难以承受。舞会进行过程中，盘子倾覆，沉入了7英尺深的水中。

馅饼委员会给当地汽车修理库老板打电话，他闻讯后开着一辆急修车前来打捞盘子。那些孩子们穿着湿衣服哆嗦，看着3个工人轮潜入水中以确定盘子的位置。他们没费多大事儿就找到了盘子。可是把盘子捞出却是一个很大的难题。盘子四边十分光滑，要在盘边拴上绳索或链条而同时又不损坏它是很难办到的。不过，他们终于将链条固定在盘子的一端，一台大功率的绞车开动起来。盘子慢慢浮出水面，被轻轻地拽向运河岸边。在令人忐忑不安的瞬间，盘子晃晃悠悠地上了岸，但它突然失去了平衡，又跌回水中。工人们只得再来一次。这次，他们用沉重的金属夹子把盘子夹住，以便往盘子上安装铁链。这次，盘子必须垂直吊出水面，因为盘子的一边紧靠着运河河岸。绞盘机再次启动，一位工人发动了急修车的引擎。几分钟后，盘子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪从盘子两侧急涌而出，在运河里掀起一股大浪。但是当波浪从河对岸折回来时，就有再次把盘子拖进水里的危险。工人们动作迅速，终于赶在那股大浪返回之前把盘子拽到了岸上。

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Lesson 44

Speed and comfort

又快捷又舒适

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Which type of transport does the writer prefer, do you think?

People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling, or fumbling to find you ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on roads with few service stations and too much traffic. By comparison, ferry trips or cruises offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food -- always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travlling by sea.

Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the disadvantage of being an expensive form of transport. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a film and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.

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See Also
the twins often fight改为一般疑问句,英文高频词

出远门的人常常需要决定是走旱路、水路，还是坐飞机。很少有人能够真正喜欢坐几个小时以上的火车。车厢很快就变得拥挤、闷热，想摆脱开旅途的困扰是很难的。看书只能解决部分问题。车轮与铁轨间单调的嘎喳声很快就会送你进入梦乡。白天是忽睡忽醒，到了夜晚，你真想睡了，却很难入睡。即使你走运弄到一个卧铺，夜间有一半时间你会盯着车顶那盏小蓝灯而睡不着觉；要不然就为查票摸索你的车票。一旦抵达目的地，你总是疲惫不堪。乘汽车作长途旅行则更加不舒服，因为连看书都几乎不可能。在公路上还好，你至少能以相当快的速度安全地向前行。但旅行的大部分时间都花在路上，而且只有很少的服务设施，交通也很拥挤。相比之下，坐船旅行或环游可以得到文明世界的各种享受。你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戏，还能也很见到各种有趣的人，能享用各种美味佳肴——当然，这一切只有在大海风平浪静的情况下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起来，你就可能晕船，那种难受劲儿是任何一种别的旅行的方式都不会带来的。即使风平浪静，坐船旅行也要占用很长时间。没有多少人会为享受坐船旅行的乐趣而牺牲假期的时间。

飞机以危险而著称，连老资格的旅行者也怕飞机。飞机另一个缺点是昂贵。但就速度与舒适而言，飞机是无与伦比的。腾云驾雾，在30，000 英尺高空以500英里的时速旅行，这种经历令人心旷神怡。你不必想办法去摆脱旅途的困扰，因为飞机会迅速地把你送到目的地。几小时之内，你躺在扶手椅上，享受着旅途的欢乐。真正会享受的人还可以在某些航班上看一场电影和喝香槟。即使没有这些消遣条件，也总是有事可做。飞机上，你可以观察世界上非同寻常的奇妙的美景。你毫不费劲地飞越高山幽谷，你确能饱览大地的风貌。如果这种景色被遮住了，你可以观赏一下展现在你面前的、一望数英里的、连绵不断的云海，同时阳光灿烂，天空清澈明朗。旅途平稳，丝毫不妨碍你阅读或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨时间，有件事是可以肯定的，即当你抵达目的地时，你感到精神焕发，毫无倦意，用不着因为漫长的旅途的辛苦而花几天时间休息来恢复精神。

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Lesson 45

The power of the press

新闻报道的威力

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Does the writer think the parents where lucky or unlucky to gain prosperity in this way? Why?

In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can easily be abused. Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events. Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves. Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives. Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.

The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press. The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23,000 inhabitants in South Dakota. As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty. They were expecting their sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic problems. If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity. But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and photographers.

The rise to fame was swift. Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country. Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs. Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but room baby food and soap manufacturers who wished to advertise their products. The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by new $500,000 home. Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences. While the five babies were babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in hospital nursery, their parents were paying the price for fame. It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives. They had become the victims of commercialization, for their names had acquired a market value. Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.

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在民主国家里，任何限制新闻自由的企图都理所当然地受到谴责。然而，这种自由很容易被滥用。常人轶事往往比政治事件更能引起公众注意。我们都喜欢看关于别人生活的报道，但是否同样喜欢看关于自己生活的报道，就很难说了。记者按事实至上的论点行事，发表有关别人生活的细节，有时会给当事人造成极大的痛苦。新闻具有巨大的威力。它们不仅可以给寻常人家的生活带来重大的变化，甚至还能推翻一个政府。

下面这户穷人一夜之间出名发财的故事戏剧性地说明了新闻报道威力。这户人家住在南达科他州一个人口为23，000 的小镇上，镇名为阿拜丁。家里已有5个孩子，全家人常年在贫困中挣扎。第6个孩子即将问世，他们面临着更为严峻的经济问题。如果他们只添了1个孩子，这件事本来就不会引起任何人的注意。这家人会继续为克服经济上的拮据而奋斗，并默默无闻地活下去。但是他们出人意料生了个五胞胎，4女1男。这事使他们的生活发生了根本的变化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飞机飞抵阿拜丁，随机带来60名记者与摄影师。

这一家迅速出了名。电视摄像机和报纸把消息传送到全国。报纸、杂志出高价向他们购买文字、图片的独家报道权。不但素昧平生的人寄来了大量的礼物，而且婴儿食品、婴儿肥皂制造厂商为了替自己产品做广告也寄来了大量的礼物。这家人住的旧家舍将由一座价值50万美元的新住宅所取代。由于记者纷纷要求会见，他们不得不请了律师充当他们家的发言人举行记者招待会。眼下，五胞胎还静静地躺在医院婴儿室的氧气帐里，他们的父母却为这名声付出了代价，他们再也无法过正常的生活。他们成了商业化的受害者，因为他们的名字具有了市场价值。这些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5个新的家庭成员。

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Lesson 46

Do it yourself

自己动手

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Did the writer repair his lawn mower in the end? Why/Why not?

So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour. No one can plead ignorance of a subject any longer, for these are countless do-it-yourself publications. Armed with the right tools and materials, newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes. Men, particularly, spend hours of their leisure time installing their own fireplaces, laying out their own gardens; building garages and making furniture. Some really keen enthusiasts go so far as to build their own computers. Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by running special advisory services for novices, but by offering consumers bits and pieces which they can assemble at home. Such things provide an excellent outlet for pent up creative energy, but unfortunately not all of us are born handymen.

Some wives tend to believe that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and can fix anything. Even men who can hardly drive a nail in straight are supposed to be born electricians, carpenters, plumbers and mechanics. When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or vacuum cleaners fail to operate, some woman assume that their husbands will somehow put things right. The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is that sometimes even men live under the delusion that they can do anything, even when they have repeatedly been proved wrong. It is a question of pride as much as anything else.

Last spring my wife suggested that I call in a man to look at our lawn mower. It had broken down the previous summer, and though I promised to repair it, I had never got round to it. I would not hear of the suggestion and said that I would fix it myself. One Saturday afternoon, I hauled the machine into the garden and had a close look at it. As far as I could see, it needed only a minor adjustment: a turn of a screw here, a little tightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be as good as new. Inevitably the repair job was not quite so simple. The mower firmly refused to mow, so I decided to dismantle it. The garden was soon littered with chunks of metal which had once made up a lawn mower. But I was extremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble. One of links in the chain that drives the wheels had snapped. After buying a new chain I was faced with the insurmountable task of putting the confusing jigsaw puzzle together again. I was not surprised to find that the machine still refused to work after I had reassembled it, for the simple reason that I was left with several curiously shaped bits of metal which did not seem to fit anywhere. I gave up in despair. The weeks passed and the grass grew. When my wife nagged me to do something about it, I told her that either I would have to buy a new mower or let the grass grow. Needless to say our house is now surrounded by a jungle. Buried somewhere in deep grass there is a rusting lawn mower which I have promised to repair one day.

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现在我们自己动手做事的热情很高，结果对于专业工人的依赖越来越少了。由于出版了不计其数的教人自己动手做事的书报杂志，没有人再能说对某事一无所知。新婚夫妇找来合适的工具和材料，喜气洋洋地开始布置新房。特别是男人，常利用空闲时间安装壁炉、布置花园、建造车库、制作家具。有些热衷于自己动手的人甚至自己组装电脑。为了满足自己动手热的需要，商店不仅为初学者提供专门的咨询服务，而且为顾客准备了各种零件，供他们买回家去安装。这些东西为人们潜在的创造力提供了一个绝妙的用武之地。但不幸的是，我们并非人人都是能工巧匠。

妻子常常认为她们的丈夫无比聪明能干。甚至那些连一枚钉子都钉不直的男人都被认为是天生的电工、木匠、水管工和机械师。每当电灯保险丝烧断、家具榫头松动、管道堵塞、吸尘器不动时，有些妻子认为丈夫总有办法。自己动手的例子中最糟糕的是，有时甚至是男人尽管接连失败却还误以为自己什么都行，原因就是要面子。

今年春天，妻子让我请人检查一下我家的割草机。那台割草机去年夏天就坏了，尽管我答应修，但一直没抽出时间，我不愿听妻子的建议，说我自己会修。一个星期六的下午，我把割草机拉到了花园里，仔细检查了一番。在我看来，只需稍加调整即可。这儿紧紧螺丝，那儿固定一下，再加几滴油，就会像新的一样了。事实上，修理工作远不是那么简单。修完后割草机还是纹丝不动。于是，我决定把它拆开。一会儿工夫，割草机便被拆成一个个金属零件，乱七八糟地堆在花园里。但我却非常高兴，因为我找到了毛病所在。驱动轮子的链条断了一节。我买来一根新链条后，面临的就是如何把这些令人眼花缭乱的拼板重新组装起来。等我装完后，那台割草机仍然一动不动，对此我倒并不感到吃惊。原因很简单，因为还剩下几个形状奇特的零件似乎哪里也装不上去。我无可奈何，只好罢休。几个星期过去了，草长了起来。妻子喋喋不休让我想点办法。我告诉她，要么买一台新割草机，要么让草长下去。不用说，我家现在已被丛林包围。深草丛中的某个地方有一台正在生锈的割草机，那就是我曾答应某日要修理的割草机。

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Lesson 47

Too high a price?

代价太高？

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What does the writer describe as an 'amusing old-fashioned source of noise'?

Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it. We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.

Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water!

However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones, especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.

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污染就是我们为这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有4种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。我们一直在试这4种方式，但是，我们在世界范围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险。

然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品——牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食物我们付出代价已经太高了：牛肉中的疯牛病，鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者，那么你可以两者择一：或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜，或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜或饮用一杯无害的水的时候，实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。

但是，还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染，它专门影响城镇地区，侵袭我们的日常生活，那就是噪音。防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来，它的作用只是骚扰过路行人，而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上，汽车的防盗警报不断对我们吼叫，这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因，最近一个有关噪音的作用的调查（令人吃惊地）指出，夜间连续不断的狗叫声，在一个从1级至7级刻度表上应列为最严重的噪间污染。这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源：夏天呜呜作响的割草机，公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，大声吵闹的邻居，各式各样的车辆，特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车，从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机，被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。许多人都反对移动式电话，特别是在如饭店，公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路，破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸首。调查指出，20%的35岁左右的男人打鼾；而到60岁这个年龄段，这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。与这些数字相比，只有5% 的女性经常打鼾；而其余则经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来自何方，有一点是肯定的：看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。

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Lesson 48

The silent village

沉默的村庄

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why was the village silent?

In this much-travelled world, there are still thousands of places which are inaccessible to tourists. We always assume that villagers in remote places are friendly and hospitable. But people who are cut off not only from foreign tourists, but even from their own countrymen can be hostile to travellers. Visits to really remote villages are seldom enjoyable -- as my wife and I discovered during a tour through the Balkans.

We had spent several days in a small town and visited a number of old churches in the vicinity. These attracted many visitors, for they were not only of great architectural interest, but contained a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well. On the day before our departure, several bus loads of tourists descended on the town. This was more than we could bear, so we decided to spend our last day exploring the countryside. Taking a path which led out of the town, we crossed a few fields until we came to a dense wood. We expected the path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way through the trees. We tramped through the wood for over two hours until we arrived at a deep stream. We could see that the path continued on the other side, but we had no idea how we could get across the stream. Suddenly my wife spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep. We gently woke him up and asked him to ferry us to the other side. Though he was reluctant to do so at first, we eventually persuaded him to take us.

The path led to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a mountain. The place consisted of a straggling unmade road which was lined on either side by small houses. Even under a clear blue sky, the village looked forbidding, as all the houses were built of grey mud bricks. The village seemed deserted, the only sign of life being an ugly-looking black goat on a short length of rope tied to a tree in a field nearby. Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field, we opened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch. All at once, I noticed that my wife seemed to be filled with alarm. Looking up I saw that we were surrounded by children in rags who were looking at us silently as we ate. We offered them food and spoke to them kindly, but they remained motionless. I concluded that they were simply shy of strangers. When we later walked down the main street of the villager, we were followed by a silent procession of children. The village which had seemed deserted, immediately came to life. Faces appeared at windows. Men in shirt sleeves stood outside their houses and glared at us. Old women in black shawls peered at us from doorways. The most frightening thing of all was that not a sound could be heard. There was no doubt that we were unwelcome visitors. We needed no further warning. Turning back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made our way rapidly towards the stream where we hoped the boatman was waiting.

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在这个旅游频繁的世界上，仍有成千上万个游人足迹未至的地方。人们总是以为偏僻的地方的村民们热情好客。但是，那些不但与外国旅游者隔绝，而且与本国同胞隔绝的人们有可能对游客抱有敌意。到真正偏僻的村庄去旅游并不是一件愉快的事情。我与妻子在一次周游巴尔干半岛时对此深有体会。

我们在一座小镇上逗留了几天，参观了附近的许多古老的教堂。这些教堂吸引大量游客，不仅是因为建筑风格奇特，而且还有大量保存完好的壁画。我们离开小镇的前一天，镇上来了几辆满载游客的公共汽车。人多得使我们难以忍受，于是我们决定利用最后一天去乡间一游。我们走上了一条出镇的小路，穿过几块农田，来到一片茂密的树林。我们原以为小路会到此突然终止。没想到它到树林中继续向前延伸。我们在树林中跋涉了两个多小时，到了一条深溪边。我们可以看到小路在深溪对岸继续向前伸展，但却不知如何越过这道深溪。突然，妻子发现岸边泊着一条小船，船上有一船夫在呼呼大睡。我们轻轻地把他唤醒，请他把我们摆渡过溪。一开始，他很不愿意，但经劝说，终于同意了。

顺着小路，我们来到一个座落在陡峭山坡上的小村庄。这儿有一条未经修筑的弯弯曲曲的道路，路两边排列着一些矮小的农舍。农舍全用灰色的土坯建成，因此，即使在晴朗的蓝天底下，村庄看上去也会令人感到难以亲近。村里似乎无人居住，唯一的生命迹象是附近田里一只面目可憎的黑山羊，用一截短绳拴在一棵树上。我们在田边一堵东倒西歪的篱笆墙上坐下来，打开几听沙丁鱼罐头，吃了一顿野外午餐。突然，我注意到妻子十分惊恐。我抬头一看，发现我们被一群衣衫褴褛的小孩团团围住了，他们在默不作声地看着我们吃饭。我们给他们东西吃，客客气气地同他们交谈，但他们却一动也不动。我认为这不过是他们在陌生人面前表现出的害羞。后来，我们在村里的主要街道上行走的时候，一队默不作声的孩子跟在我们后头。刚才还似乎空荡荡的村庄一下子活跃了起来，窗口露出了一张张面孔，只穿着衬衣的男人们站在屋子外面凶狠地盯着我们，披黑纱巾的老妇人站在门口偷偷地瞅着我们。最令人害怕的是到处没有一点声音。毫无疑问，我们的来访是不受欢迎的。我们不需要进一步的警告了。便掉转身子，沿着那条主要街道加快步伐，快速地朝深溪边走去，希望船夫还在那儿等着我们。

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Lesson 49

The ideal servant

理想的仆人

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

It is a good thing my aunt Harriet died years ago. If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants. Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do housework. She had a huge, rambling country house called 'The Gables'. She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death. Before she grew old, Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly. I often visited The Gables when I was boy. No matter how many guests were present, the great house was always immaculate. The parquet floors shone like mirrors; highly polished silver was displayed in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle's huge collection of books was kept miraculously free from dust. Aunt Harriet presided over an invisible army of servants that continuously scrubbed, cleaned, and polished. She always referred to them as 'the shifting population', for they came and went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their names. Though my aunt pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in that she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day, she was extremely difficult to please. While she always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the ideal servant to the end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie.

Bessie worked for Aunt Harriet for three years. During that time she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff. Aunt Harriet could not find words to praise Bessie's industriousness and efficiency. In addition to all her other qualifications, Bessie was an expert cook. She acted the role of the perfect servant for three years before Aunt Harriet discovered her 'little weakness'. After being absent from the Gables for a week, my aunt unexpectedly returned one afternoon with a party of guests and instructed Bessie to prepare dinner. No only was the meal well below the usual standard, but Bessie seemed unable to walk steadily. She bumped into the furniture and kept mumbling about the guests. When she came in with the last course -- a huge pudding -- she tripped on the carpet and the pudding went flying through the air, narrowly missed my aunt, and crashed on the dining table with considerable force. Though this caused great mirth among the guests, Aunt Harriet was horrified. She reluctantly came to the conclusion that Bessie was drunk. The guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessie opened the door for them and, long before the final catastrophe, had had a difficult time trying to conceal their amusem*nt. The poor girl was dismissed instantly. After her departure, Aunt Harriet discovered that there were piles of empty wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had once been Bessie's wardrobe. They had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!

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我的姑妈哈丽特好多年前就去世了，这倒是件好事。如果她活到今天，她将不能就她热衷的话题“佣人”发表意见了。哈丽特生活在一个悠闲的年代，家务事都由雇来的佣人代劳。她在乡下有一幢巨大杂乱的房子，叫作“山墙庄园”。她对这幢房子在感情上难舍难分。房子实在太大了，但在丈夫去世多年后，她仍然执意长年住在那儿。哈丽特姑妈年轻时，喜欢大摆宴席，招待宾客。我小时候常去“山墙庄园”作客。不管去多少宾客，大房子里总是收拾得干干净净。镶木地板洁如明镜，擦得发亮的银器陈列在明亮的玻璃柜里，连姑夫的大量藏书也保存得很好，奇迹般地一尘不染。哈丽特姑妈统率着一支看不见的佣人大军，他们不停地擦拭、清扫、刷洗。她称这些佣人叫“流动人口”，因为他们来匆匆，所以我甚至都没有机会知道他们的姓名。姑妈待佣人在当时算是开明的，从来不让佣人每天工作超过8小时，但他们很难使她称心如意。她一方面总是批评人的本性朝三暮四，另一方面她又持之以恒地寻找一个理想的佣人。即使在贝西大大地伤她的心之后，她还在找，一直到她死去。

贝西在哈丽特家干了3年。在此期间，她赢得了姑母的赏识，甚至当上了大管家。哈丽特不知该用什么言辞来赞扬贝西的勤奋与高效。贝西除了有各种本领以外，还是一个烹饪大师。她担任“理想仆人”角色3年之后，哈丽特终于发现她有“小小的弱点”。一次，姑妈有一个星期没在“山墙庄园”住。一天下午，她出其不意地回来了，带来一大批客人，吩咐贝西准备晚饭。结果，不仅饭菜远不如平时做得好，而且贝西走起路来似乎东倒西歪。她撞到了家具上，嘴里还不断咕咕哝哝议论客人。当她端着最后一道菜——一大盘布丁——走进屋来时，在地毯上绊了一跤。布丁飞到半空，从姑母身边擦过，然后狠狠地砸在餐桌上。这件事引起了客人们的欢笑，但哈丽特却着实吓了一跳。她不得不认定贝西是喝醉了。客人们自然从贝西为他们开门那一刻起就看出来了，在好长一段时间里，即最后这个乱子发生前，他们努力克制才没笑出声来。贝西当即被解雇了。贝西走后，哈丽特姑妈发现在贝西以前用过的衣柜里整整齐齐地放着一堆堆形状各导、大小不一的酒瓶子。这些酒瓶神不知鬼不觉地从酒窖来到了这里。

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Lesson 50

New Year resolutions

新年的决心

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What marked the end of the writer's New Year resolutions?

The New Year is a time for resolutions. Mentally, at least, most of us could compile formidable lists of 'dos' and 'don'ts'. The same old favorites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity. We resolve to get up earlier each morning, eat less, find more time to play with the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house, be nice to people we don't' like, drive carefully, and take the dog for a walk every day. Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments are beyond attainment. If we remain inveterate smokers, it is only because we have so often experienced the frustration that results from failure. Most of us fail in our efforts at self-improvement because our schemes are too ambitious and we never have time to carry them out. We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our bad old ways. Aware of these pitfalls, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions to myself. I limited myself to two modest ambitions: to do physical exercise every morning and to read more of an evening. An all-night party on New Year's Eve provided me with a good excuse for not carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year, but on the second, I applied myself assiduously to the task.

The daily exercises lasted only eleven minutes and I proposed to do them early in the morning before anyone had got up. The self-discipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier than usual was considerable. Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two days before anyone found me out. After jumping about on the carpet and twisting the human frame into uncomfortable positions, I sat down at the breakfast table in an exhausted condition. It was this that betrayed me. The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance. That was really unsettling, but I fended off the taunts and jibes of the family good-humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea. However, my enthusiasm waned. The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished. Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero. By January 10th, I was back to where I had started from. I argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning, I would keep my mind fresh for reading when I got home formwork Resisting the hypnotizing effect of television, I sat in my room for a few evenings with my eyes glued to book. One night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen. I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute. Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!

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新年是下决心的时候，至少在大多数人的心里会编排出一份“应做什么”和“不应做什么”的令人生畏的单子。相同的决心以单调的规律年复一年地出现。我们决心每天早晨起得早些；吃得少些；多花点时间与孩子们一起做游戏；做大量的家务；对不喜欢的人友善一些；小心驾车；每天都要带着狗散步；等等。以往的经验告诉我们有些事是办不到的。如果我们烟瘾大，戒不掉，那是因为屡戒屡败，失去信心。我们大多数人想自我完善却遭到失败，这是因为我们的规划过于宏大，而又根本没有时间去实施。我们还犯有一个根本性的错误，即把我们的决心向大家宣布。这样一旦滑回到那些老习惯上去，我们在别人的眼里会显得更加难堪。我深知这些问题，于是，今年我对自己的计划要严加保密，只给自己定下两项适中的任务；每天早上锻炼身体，每天晚上多看点书。新年除夕举办的一次通宵晚会，使我理直气壮地在新年头一天免去了这两项任务。不过，新年第二天，我全力以赴地照着去做了。

早锻炼一共只有11分钟，我打算在别人起床之前进行。这就要求我比平时早11分钟把自己从床上拽起来，这种自我约束是很艰苦的。不过开头两天我还是成功地蹑手蹑脚地来到楼下起居室，被谁也没发现。我在地毯上跳来蹦过去，扭曲身子，摆出各种姿势，弄得浑身不舒服，然后坐到桌边吃早饭，一副筋疲力尽的样子。正是这副模样泄露了我的秘密。第二天早晨全家人结队来到起居室看我表演。这真叫人不好意思，但我心平气和地顶住全家人的嘲笑和奚落。不久，大家对我习以为常了，而这时我的热情却减退了。我花在锻炼上的时间逐渐减少，慢慢地从11分钟减到了零。到了1月10日，我恢复了原来的作息时间。我辩解说，早晨少耗费精力锻炼，晚上下班回家看书时头脑更清醒些。有几天晚上，我极力摆脱了电视的诱惑，坐在自己的房间里，两眼盯在书上。可是，有一天夜里，我感到又冷又孤单，便来到楼下坐在电视机前假装看书。这下我可完了，因为不一会儿，我就恢复了以前的坏习惯，在屏幕前打起瞌睡来。但我还没有放弃多看些书的决心。事实上，我刚买来一本叫《一分钟读一千字的诀窍》的书。也许这本书能解决我的问题，但我一直还没时间去看这本书！

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Lesson 51

Predicting the future

预测未来

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What was the 'future' electronic development that Leon Bagrit wasn't able to foresee?

Predicting the future is notoriously difficult. Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in people's homes as TV sets? In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines. Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software. Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.

In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA. It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future. This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple. In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer. This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied. From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today.

Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today. Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days. Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work. All these computer uses have become commonplace. Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks. Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to. Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable. If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.

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众所周知，预测未来是非常困难的。举个例子吧，在20世纪70年代中叶又有谁能想得到在20世纪末的时候，家庭用的计算机会像电视机一样普遍？在70年代，计算机已经相当普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部门和大的组织之中，它们被称为主机。计算机主机确实很大，常常占据了装有空调的多间房间，雇用专职的技师，而且得用专门编写的软件才能运行。虽然这种大计算机仍然存在，但它们的许多功能已被体积小但功能齐全的个人电脑——即我们常说的PC机——所代替了。

1975年，美国推出了一台被称为“牛郎星”的原始机型。严格地说起来，它可以被称为第一台“家用电脑”，而且它也指了今后的方向。70年代末，在牛郎星之后又出现了一种被称为“苹果”的机型。80年代初，计算机行业的王牌公司美国国际商用机器公司（IBM）生产出了世界上第一台个人电脑。这种电脑采用了一种被称为磁盘操作系统（DOS）的工作程序，而这种程序是由当时规模不大的微软公司生产的。IBM的个人电脑被大规模地模仿。从那些简陋的初级阶段，我们看到了现在都已普及的、使用简便的家用电脑和多媒体的微机的发展。

想一想这些发展的时间多么短，就更觉得英国人莱昂.巴格瑞特有着非凡的能力。他在60年代就能预言我们今天知道的计算机的一些用途。巴格瑞特根本不接受计算机可以学会自己去“思考”和计算可以“统治世界”这种想法，而这种想法是当时的人们都愿意相信的。巴格瑞特预示有一天计算机可以小到拿在手上，计算机可以使办公室人员和会计免除那些枯燥、重复的劳动。计算机的所有这些功能现在都变得很平常。当然了，莱昂.巴格瑞特根本没有可能预测到国际交互网——就是把计算机连结到电话线路上，以便和世界上任何一个地方的人立即进行联系的一个世界范围的通讯系统——的发展。他也无法预测到我们可以利用国际交互网获取有关任何已知专题的信息，以便在家里的屏幕上阅读，如果愿意的话甚至可以将其打印出来。计算机已经变得体积越来越小，功能越来越多，价格越来越低，这就是莱昂.巴格瑞特的预测非凡的地方。如果他或是像他的什么人今天还活着的话，他大概可以告诉我们下一个50年后会发生什么事情。

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Lesson 52

Mud is mud

实事求是

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did Harry decide to give up his little game?

My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study. Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, grayish substance. If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud. If you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin. This brief experiment would dispel any further doubts you might have. The bottle really does contain perfumed mud. How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating. Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.

Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist. He would invent fanciful names on the spot. On entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'. If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out. He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did. How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite beyond me.

Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud. One day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite', the shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable. When the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles. This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf. She produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements. When Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him. Intoxicated by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud. He expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment. However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect. For once, Harry had to admit defeat. He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price. He was glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his arm. From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive. The curious bottle, which now adorns the bookcase in his study, was his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics.

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我的堂兄哈里在他的书房里一直摆着一只形状古怪的大瓶子。尽管那只瓶子呈淡绿色，但细心的客人很快就会发现瓶里装的是一种看上去黏稠，颜色发灰的东西。要是你问哈里瓶里装着什么，他会告诉你是香水泥。如果你表示怀疑或惊奇，他会立即请你闻一闻，然后取出一些抹在你的皮肤上。这一简单的试验会消除你可能存有的一切疑虑。瓶里装的的确是香水泥。哈里如何得到这种稀奇古怪的东西的，这里有个有趣的故事，而且他挺爱把它讲给别人听。此外，得到这瓶香水泥还治好了他多年的一个坏习惯。

哈里曾认为走进一家名贵化妆品商店，荒唐地提出要买一种根本不存在的商品是件开心的事儿。他会当场编造出一些稀奇古怪的货名。他走进商店后，会提出要一种名叫“香影”的新型香水或什么“不溶浴皂”。要是女售货员告诉他从未听说过这些东西，他会装出十分遗憾和不安的样子。他爱听售货员说他想像出来的那种东西暂时脱销，于是他就煞有介事地许诺改天再来光顾。当然，他再也不会来了。我实在想像不出哈里在这些表演中是怎样装出一本正经的样子的。

毋须暗示哈里就会向你讲起他买下那瓶珍贵香水泥的经过。一天，他去伦敦一家高级商店要买一种叫“密诺莱特”的东西，店员露出诧异的神色。哈里又慢慢地，一字一顿说了一遍这个词，那个女售货员还是迷惑不解地摇了摇头。哈里便进一步解释“密诺莱特”是一种质地坚硬、状似琥珀的东西，可以用来除去雀斑。他的解释显然对女售货员有些启示。她一个货架接着一个货架地寻找，拿出各种各样稀奇古怪的化妆品，但没有一样能够符合哈里的要求。哈里装出不高兴的样子时，女售货员答应为他定货。哈里为他的骗术而感到洋洋得意，又提出要买香水泥。他原想女售货员会惊奇地望着他，不知所措，没料到这回该轮到他自己吃惊了。因为那女售货员听完哈里的话后，马上眼睛一亮，拿出几瓶东西放在柜台上让哈里挑选。哈里只好认输。他挑出一个看上去最小的瓶子，谨慎地问了价。他庆幸自己只破费了20英镑便得以脱身。他把那宝贵的瓶子放在腋下夹着，溜之大吉。从那以后，他认识到自己发明的小小恶作剧是要付出很大的代价的。在他书房的书柜里摆着那瓶形状古怪的香水泥就是他第一次也是最后一次购买的稀有化妆品。

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Lesson 53

In the public interest

为了公众的利益

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What could not be reported in the official flees?

The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from highhanded or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.

The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law the altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.

A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his layers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.

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斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。

是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务而把事情做过了头。早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。此人官衔为“司法特派员”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”，即“司法特派员”。司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。由于意见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律师作他的助手协助工作，每封信都详细批阅。司法特派员的工作没有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公开的，供公众监督。如果公民的意见正确，司法特派员便为他伸张正义。司法特员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至向议会提议修改某项法律。下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。

一个住在瑞典乡村的外国人写信给司法特派员，抱怨说他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因为他是个外国人。司法特派员立即写信给当地警察局长，请他寄送与此事有关的材料。材料中没有任何文字记载证明外国人所说的情况符合事实，警察局长矢口否认这一指控。司法特派员难以处理。但是，当他又收到住在同一村庄的另一个外国人写的一封内容类似的投诉信时，他立即派出一位律师前去调查。律师证实有个警察确实多次粗鲁地对待外国人。警察歧视外国人的事在官方档案中不可能加以记载，司法特派员只有派他的代表去核对事实才能了解真相。当事的警察受到严厉的斥责，并被告知，如果再有人投诉他，他将受到起诉。司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件，不然这件事可能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。

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Lesson 54

Instinct or cleverness?

是本能还是机智

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Was the writer successful in protecting his peach tree? Why not?

We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat ageist our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?

Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed tat the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tin insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though if failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids. The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time. I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!

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我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。它们无缘无故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的，但去无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道（但愿如此）我们就在它们身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢？

去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了24小时。我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。在很长一段时间里，我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地（同时惊奇地）发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转。无能为力。第二天早上，我起床后希望看见蚂蚁已因无望而放弃了尝试，结果却发现它们又找到一条新的路径。它们正在顺着房子的外墙往上爬，然后爬上树叶。我懊丧地感到败在了足智多谋的蚂蚁的手下。蚂蚁已很快找到了相应的对策，来对付我那套完全不科学的办法！

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Lesson 55

From the earth: Greetings

来自地球的问候

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Which life forms are most likely to develop on a distant planet?

Recent developments in astronomy have made it possible to detect planets in our won Milky Way and in other galaxies. This is a major achievement because, in relative terms, planets are very small and old not emit light. Finding planets is proving hard enough, but finding life on them will prove infinitely more difficult. The first question to answer is whether a planet can actually support life. In our won solar system, for example, Venus is far too hot and Mars is far too cold to support life. Only the Earth provides ideal conditions, and even here it has taken more than four billion years for plant and animal life to evolve.

Whether a planet can support life depends on the size and brightness of its star, that is its 'sun'. Imagine a star up t twenty times larger, brighter, brighter and hotter than our own sun. A planet would have to be a very long way from it to be capable of supporting life. Alternatively, if the star were small, the life-supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop. But how would we find such a planet? At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life. The development of such a telescope will be one of the great astronomical projects of the twenty-first century.

It is impossible to look for life on another planet using earth-based telescopes. Our own warm atmosphere and the heat generated by the telescope would make it impossible to detect objects as small as planets. Even a telescope in orbit round the earth, like the very successful Hubble telescope, would not be suitable because of the dust particles iron solar system. A telescope would have to be as far away as the planet Jupiter to look for life in outer space, because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system. Once we detected a planet, we would have to find a way of blotting out the light from its star, so that we would be able to 'see' the planet properly and analyze its atmosphere. In the first instance, we would be looking for plant life, rather than 'little green men'. The life forms most likely to develop on a planet would be bacteria. It is bacteria that have generated the oxygen we breathe on earth. For most of the earth's history they have been the only form of life on our planet. As Earth-dwellers, we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them. But this hope is always in the realms of science fiction. If we were able to discover lowly forms of life like bacteria on another planet, it would completely change our view of ourselves. As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed, 'Finding life elsewhere would change everything. No human endeavor or thought would be unchanged by it."

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天文学方面最新发展使得我们能够在银河系和其他星系发现行星。这是一个重要的成就，因为相对来说，行星很小，而且也不发光。寻找行星证明相当困难，但是要在行星上发现生命会变得无比艰难。第一个需要解答的问题是一颗行星是否有能够维持生命的条件。举例来说，在我们的太阳系里，对于生命来说，金星的温度太高，而火星的温度则太低。只有地球提供理想的条件，而即使在这里，植物和动物的进化也用了40亿年的时间。

一颗行星是否能够维持生命取决于它的恒星——即它的“太阳”——的大小和亮度。设想一下，一颗恒星比我们的太阳还要大，还要亮，还要热20倍，那么一颗行星为了维持生命就要离开的它的恒星非常远。反之，如果恒星很小，维持生命的行星就要在离恒星很近的轨道上运行，而且要有极好的条件才能使生命得以发展，但是，我们如何才能找到这样一颗行星呢？现在，没有一台现存的望远镜可以发现生命的存在。而开发这样一台望远镜将会是21世纪天文学的一个重要的研究课题。

使用放置在地球上的望远镜是无法观察到其他行星的生命的。地球周围温暖的大气层和望远镜散出的热量使得我们根本不可能找到比行星更小的物体。即使是一台放置在围绕地球的轨道上的望远镜——如非常成功的哈勃望远镜——也因为太阳系中的尘埃微粒而无法胜任。望远镜要放置在木星那样遥远的行星上才有可能在外层空间搜寻生命。因为我们越是接近太阳系的边缘，尘埃就越稀薄。一旦我们找到这样一颗行星，我们就要想办法将它的恒星射过来的光线遮暗，这样我们就能彻底“看见”这颗行星，并分析它的大气层。首先我们要寻找植物，而不是那种“小绿人”。行星上最容易生存下来的是细菌。正是细菌生产出我们在地球上呼吸的氧气。在地球上发展的大部分进程中，细菌是地球上唯一的生命形式。作为地球上的居民，我们总存有这样的希望：小绿人来拜访我们，而我们可以和他们交流。但是，这种希望总是只在科幻小说中存在。如果我们能够在另一颗行星上找到诸如细菌的那种低等生命，那么这个发现将彻底改变我们对我们自己的看法。正如美国国家航空和宇宙航空局的丹尼尔.戈尔丁指出的“在其他地方发现生命会改变一切。任何人类的努力和想法都会发生变化。”

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Lesson 47

Our neighbour, the river

河流，我们的邻居

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why had the neighbours left their farm?

The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a living. There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the houses, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. We tell river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.

We have special river birthday parties in the summer. Sometimes were go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving. In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all. We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holy wreath into the current in the winter.

After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks. This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom guest to extremes. We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are effected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.

One had winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows. All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little. We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district. As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing. From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point. The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down. Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted. Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noah's ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, cat, and bird in a cage. We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged. The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being able to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank. We still think it a miracle that they we able to do so.

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形成我们农场东部边界的一条河流一直在我们生活中发挥着重要作用。要是没有这条河，我们就无法生存下去。泉水只能满足家庭生活用水，因此我们必须从河里抽水以用于农业生产。我们向那条河倾诉我们的秘密。我们本能地懂得，就像养蜂人和他的蜜蜂那样，要是我们不把生活中的重大的事件告诉那条河，就可能大祸临头。

夏天，我们为这条河举办特殊的生日宴会。有时，我们溯流而上来到我们喜爱的回水河汊举办；有时在船坞举办。那船坞是农场一位前辈在一块草地上盖的，草地紧挨着一个专供游泳、跳水的深水池。天气炎热时，我们便选择在半夜举办生日聚会，这种聚会是最令人激动的。我们在河边迎接一年四季。春天在河边为最年轻的姑娘戴上花冠，夏天在河边欢庆“仲夏前夜”，秋天在河边丰收而感恩，冬天往河中抛撒一个冬表花环。

久雨这后，河水会泛滥成灾，但是在我们这里，气候很少发生异常，河水极少泛滥。值得庆幸的是，只有低洼的受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。

有一年冬天，天气不好，我们眼看着河水浸没了地势较低的草场。所有的牲口已提前转移到畜圈里，没有造成什么损失。不过，我们很为我们的近邻担心。他们的农场地势低洼，而且他们又新来乍到。由于洪水造成了电话中断，我们无法了解他们情况。从顶楼窗口看去，我们农场与他们农场接壤处的那段河流一览无余。在最紧急的时刻，我们轮流监视那段河流的险情。灾难的第一迹象是一只死羊顺流而下，接着一匹活马勇敢地与水搏击。但我们担心，洪水力量将使它上岸之前就筋疲力尽了。突然，出现了一只筏子，看起来很像诺亚方舟，上面载着他们全家老小，还有几只母鸡、几只狗，一只猫与一只鸟笼，那里头有一只小鸟。我们意识到他们一定是被不断上涨的洪水吓坏了。因为他们的房子地基牢固，即使洪水几乎灭顶也不会倒塌。我家的男人们手拿船篙过被水淹没草场，希望能够钩住筏子一角，将它拽出激流，拖回岸边。他们终于成功了。至今我们仍认为这是个奇迹。

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Lesson 57

Back in the old country

重返故里

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Did the narrator find is mother's grave?

I stopped to let the car cool off and to study the map. I had expected to be near my objective by now, but everything still seemed alien to me. I was only five when my father had taken me abroad, and that we eighteen years ago. When my mother had died after a tragic accident, he did not quickly recover from the shock and loneliness. Everything around him was full of her presence, continually reopening the wound. So he decided to emigrate. In the new country he became absorbed in making a new life for the two of us, so that he gradually ceased to grieve. He did not marry again and I was brought up without a woman's care; but I lacked for nothing, for he was both father and mother to me. He always meant to go back on day, but not to stay. His roots and mine bad become too firmly embedded in the new land. But he wanted to see the old folk again and to visit my mother's grave. He became mortally ill a few months before we had planned to go and, when he knew that he was dying, he made me promise to go on my own.

I hired a car the day after landing and bought a comprehensive book of maps, which I found most helpful on the cross-country journey, but which I did not think I should need on the last stage. It was not that I actually remembered anything at all. But my father had described over and over again what we should see at every milestone, after leaving the nearest town, so that I was positive I should recognize it as familiar territory. Well, I had been wrong, for I was now lost.

I looked at the map and then at the millimeter. I had come ten miles since leaving the town, and at this point, according to my father, I should be looking at farms and cottages in a valley, with the spire of the church of our village showing in the far distance. I could see no valley, no farms, no cottages and no church spire -- only a lake. I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. So I drove back to the town and began to retrace the route, taking frequent glances at the map. I landed up at the same corner. The curious thing was that the lake was not marked on the map. I left as if I had stumbled into a nightmare country, as you sometimes do in dreams. And, as in a nightmare, there was nobody in sight to help me. Fortunately for me, as I was wondering what to do next, there appeared on the horizon a man on horseback, riding in my direction. I waited till he came near, then I asked him the way to our old village. He said that there was now no village. I thought he must have misunderstood me, so I repeated its name. This time he pointed to the lake. The village no longer existed because it had been submerged, and all the valley too. The lake was not a natural one, but a man-made reservoir.

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我停下车，让汽车发动机冷却一下，同时查看一下地图。我本想离目的地已经不远，但周围一切对我仍很陌生。我5岁那年，父亲就带我出了国，那是18年前的事了。当时我母亲在一次事故中惨死，父亲未能很快从悲痛与孤独中恢复过来。他身边的一切都是母亲的影子不断勾起他的伤感。于是他决定移居他国。在这个新的国家里，父亲专心致志地为我们俩开创一种新的生活，慢慢地不伤心了。父亲没有再娶，因此，我在没有母亲的环境里长大成人。但我却什么都不缺，他既当父亲又当母亲。他总想将来回国看看，但却不愿长期住下去，因为他与我一样已经把根深深地扎在异国的土地上。 但是，他想看一看家乡父老乡亲，为我的母亲扫墓。就在他计划回国的前几个月，他突然身患绝症。他知道自己已奄奄一息，于是他要我答应一定单独回故乡一趟。

我下飞机后租了一辆车，并买了一本详尽的地图册。在乡间行车途中，我觉得它非常有用，但快到家了，我倒觉得它没什么用了。这倒并非是我背熟了地图，而是父亲曾详细给我讲了，在过了离故乡最近的那个小镇后，在每一个路标处可见到些什么。因此，我相信这段路对我来说会是很熟悉的。唉，实际我错了，我现在迷路了。

我看了看地图，又查了一下里程表。从小镇出来，我走了10英里。照父亲的说法，我面前应是一个山谷，有农场与村舍，还可远远望见老家村子里的教堂的尖顶。可现在我却看不出山谷，看不见农舍，也看见教学尖顶，看见只是一片湖泊。我想一定是什么地方拐错了弯儿。于是我驾车返回小镇，重新按路线行驶。结果又来到刚才那个拐弯处。奇怪的是那个湖没有在地图上标出。我感到自己就像平时作梦那样迷迷糊糊地闯进了恶梦境地。就像在恶梦里一样，见不到一个人可以帮助我。不过，我是幸运的，正当我走投无路之时，从天边出现一个骑马的人向我骑来。等他走近了，问他去老家的路。他说那村子已经没有了。我想他一定误解了我的意思，于是又说一遍村庄的名字。这次他用手指了一下那个湖。村庄已不复存在，因为已经为水所淹，山谷也被水淹没了。这不是一个天然湖泊，是一座人工修建的水库。

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Lesson 58

A spot of bother

一点儿小麻烦

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What did the old lady find when she got home?

The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats where she lived. Her shopping had tired her and her basket ad grown heavier with every step of the way home. In the life her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that her front door was open. She was thinking that she must reprimand her home help the next morning for such a monstrous piece of negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the home help had left and she knew that she had turned both keys in their locks, She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out. Looking into the drawing room, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk. It was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence. Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basem*nt. By this time her legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down and accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police. Then, her composure regained, she was ready to set off with the porter's assistance to search for nay intruders who might still be lurking in her flat.

They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder the police in their search for fingerprints. The chaos was inconceivable. She had lived in the flat for thirty years and was a veritable magpie at hoarding; and it seemed as though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over. At least sorting out the things she should have discarded years ago was now being made easier for her. Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat. The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony. There was no trace of fingerprints, but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers. So their entry into this flat was apparently not the burglars' first job that day and they must have been disturbed. The inspector then asked the old lady to try to check what was missing by the next day and advised her not to stay alone in the flat for a few nights. The old lady though the was a fussy creature, but since the porter agreed with him, she rang up her daughter and asked for her help in what she described as a little spot of bother.

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老妇人回到了她居住的公寓楼，心里很高兴。去商店买东西把她搞得筋疲力尽；在回家的路上，她每走一步，就感到手里的篮子又重了一点。她乘上电梯后，只想着午餐和好好休息一下。但她到自己的楼层走出电梯后，就把这两件事忘了个干净，因为她突然发现她家的大门开着。她心想明天上午一定要好好训斥那个干家务的帮手，她竟如此疏忽大意。但突然记起来了，帮手是在她出去买东西之前走的，她还记得曾用了两把钥匙把大门锁上了。她慢慢地走进前厅，立即发现所有的房门都敞开着，而她记得在出门买东西前，她按老规矩是把房门一一锁上的。她往起居室里看去，写字台边一片狼籍。事情很清楚，在她外出时，窃贼曾闯进家门。她第一个条件反射是各个房间搜寻一下窃贼，但转念一想，像她这个年纪，最好找个人一起去。于是她到地下室去找看门的人。这时她两腿累得开始发抖，于是坐了下来，喝了一杯浓茶。与此同时，看门的人给警察挂了电话。此刻老妇人也镇定了下来，准备在看门人的协助下搜寻可能仍躲藏在她房里的窍贼。

他俩搜遍这每一个房间，小心翼翼地不接触任何东西，因为他们怕妨碍警察寻找指纹。房间里的紊乱状况是无法想像的。老妇人在这套公寓里住了30年，她又是个名副其实的收藏家。看来她的每一件东西都被翻了出来，并且被里里外外看了遍。这样一来，她倒是容易将那些几年前就该扔掉的东西找出来了。过了一会儿，一位巡官带着一名警察来了。她向他们讲述了发现公寓遭劫的经过。巡官开始搜寻指纹，警察经检查发现大门锁头并无撬过的迹象。由此可以证明，窍贼或者是用万能钥匙，或者是翻越阳台进来的。巡官没有发现指纹，却发现了一个装有珠宝的、肮脏的红包袱。老妇人说那不是她的。很明显，闯进这套公寓的窃贼那天并不是首次作案，而且他一定受了惊吓。巡官请老妇人在次日之前设法查清丢了些什么，并劝她几夜之内不要独自一人在公寓过夜。老妇人觉得巡官大惊小怪，但既然看门人也同意他的意见，她只得打电话向女儿求援，说她碰到了一点儿小麻烦。

----------59----------

Lesson 59

Collecting

收藏

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

What in particular does a person gain when he or she becomes a serious collector?

People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter. They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites. Collecting small items can easily become a mania. I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One does not have to go outside for amusem*nt, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it. There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. So one's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one may well become a authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

---

人们喜欢收藏东西，有时并没有意识到自己在这样做。确实，一旦无意之中从自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的东西时，可以给人一种惊喜的感觉。那些从来不必搬家的人们成了一种无所无容的收藏家。他们专门收藏那些只能被称作杂货的东西。他们在抽屉里，碗柜中、阁楼上堆放着一些不用的东西，一放就是好几年，相信总有一天需要的正好是那些东西。人们年老之后也喜欢收藏东西，不过是出于两个不同的原因：一是体力，精力均告不佳，这二者是清除无用的东西必不可少的因素；另一原因是感情因素。东西搁得时间久了，便会充满着与过去岁月的联系，比方说与死去的亲戚有关。因此这些东西慢慢获得了一种超出它本身的价值。

居家度日，有目的地收藏某些东西是为了防止浪费。这些东西中我想举出线绳和包装纸为例。节俭的人们打开包裹后便把这两样必备的东西收藏起来。省得日后去买。收集小玩艺儿很容易着迷。我认识一个人，她总喜欢从报纸上剪下流行服装的图样，等以后有钱时去买服装。由于她并不富裕，她买得起这些服装的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足够坚强的意志把这一收集活动停下来。这种习惯无害，只把写字台里堆得满满当当，以致每次打开抽屉总能带出许多纸片四处飞扬。

作为一种严肃的业余爱好的收藏活动完全是另外一回事，它具有许多益处。它可以使人在闲暇中得到休息，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。人们不必走到户外去寻求娱乐，因为收藏品都是存放在家中。不管收藏品是什么，邮票、唱片、头版书籍、瓷器、玻璃杯、老式家具、绘画、模型汽车、鸟类标本，还是玩具动物，从为新增添的收藏品寻找摆放位置到核对参考书中的事实，总归有事可做。这种爱好不仅能使人从选择的专题中受到教育，而且也能从与之有关的一般事物中获得长进。除此之外，还有其他的益处。收藏者要会见情趣相投的收藏者，以获取教益，交流经验、交换收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏。朋友的圈子就这样不断扩大。用不了多久，有这种爱好的人便开始旅行，也许是去另一个城市参加会议，也可能是出国寻找一件珍品，因为收藏家是不分国籍的。一人积了多年经验会成为自己这种爱好的权威，很可能应邀在小型集会上作非正式的讲话。如果讲得好，可能向更多人发表演说。这样，你自信心不断增强，先是因为掌握一门学问，接下来是因为能够就此发表见解。收藏活动通过富有建设性地利用业余时间使人感到心满意足，不再有无聊之日。

----------60----------

Lesson 60

Too early and too late

太早和太晚

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

Why did the young girl miss the train?

Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos. Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven if late for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late. The over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit. The only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guests. Then they arrived just when we wanted them.

If you are citing a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of a minted too late. Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it. An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you. Such an experience befell a certain young girl the first time she was traveling alone.

She entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her. She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror he said that she was two hours too soon. She felt inhere handbag for the piece of paper on which her father had written down al the details of the journey and gave it to the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers. The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrive back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic 'o' beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little 'o' indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment the train came into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant: rules could not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.

---

准时是文明社会中进行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。不准时将一事无成，事事都会陷入混乱不堪的境地。只有在人口稀少的农村，才可以忽视准时的习惯。在日常生活中人们可以容忍一定程度的不准时。一个专心钻研某个复杂问题的知识分子，为了搞好手头的研究，要把一切都协调一致，组织周密。因此，他要是赴宴迟到了会得到谅解。但有些人不准时常常因为掐钟点所致，他们常常受到责备，精力充沛、头脑敏捷的人极不愿意浪费时间，因此他们常想做完一件事后再去赴约。要是路上没有发生如爆胎、改道、突然起雾等意外事故，他们决不会迟到。他们与那些从不迟到的人相比，常常是更勤奋有用的公民。早到的人同迟到的人一样令人讨厌。客人提前半小时到达是令人讨厌的。我家有几个朋友就有这有令人恼火的习惯。唯一的办法就是请他们比别的客人晚来半小时。这样，他们可以恰好在我们要求的时间到达。

如果赶火车，早到总比晚到好，哪怕早到一会儿也好。虽然早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，但这比误了火车等上一个多小时坐下班车浪费的时间要少，而且可以避免那种正好在火车驶出站时赶到车站，因上不去车而感到的沮丧。更难堪的情况是虽然及时赶到站台上，却眼睁睁地看着那趟火车启动，把你抛下。一个小姑娘第一次单独出门就碰到了这种情况。

在火车进站20分钟前她就进了车站。因为她的父母再三跟她说，如果误了这趟车，她的东道主朋友就得接她两趟，这是不应该的。她把行李交给搬运工并给他看了车票。搬运工说她早到了两个小时，她听后大吃一惊。她从钱包里摸出一张纸条，那上面有她父亲对这次旅行详细说明，她把这张纸条交给了搬运工。搬运工说，正如纸条所说，确有一趟火车在那个时刻到站，但它只停站装邮件，不载旅客。姑娘要求看到时刻表，因为她相信父亲不能把这么大的事弄错。搬运工跑回去取时刻表，同时请来了站长。站长拿着时刻表一挥手，指着那趟列车到站时刻旁边一个很小的圆圈标记。这个标记表示列车是为装邮件而停车。正在这时，火车进站了。女孩泪流满面，央求让她不声不响地到押车员车厢里去算了。但站长态度坚决，规章制度不能破坏，姑娘只得眼看那趟火车消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。

请附上例句和解释，谢谢！如果能分别说一下美国、英国、澳大利亚的本地用法更好。传送门：你知道哪些中国人普遍生疏但意境很美的英语词汇？ - 英语翻译哪些英语母语者常用的词组对于普通中国大学生来说是生疏的？ - 英语翻译

?

?

谢老珂?

，骨子里是文科生

5360?人赞同

4.14.2016 更新 36-40。

（谢谢知友们的赞，留言和私信。这个搬运工的活儿我做得很开心。会继续更新。）

11.21.2015更新 31-35。

8.25.2015更新 26-30。

8.11.2015更新 23-25。

8.4.2015更新 17-22。

8.2.2015更新 11-16。

以下全是日常所见所闻，并且在国内未曾学习到的。

1. No problem!

在国内学到的是：

-Could you help me with xxx?

-

No problem!

而在这边听到的往往是：

-Thank you!

-

No problem.

有时甚至：

-Oh sorry!

-

No problem!

2. Go by

在课堂自我介绍时，有时会说中文名，然后英文名。Instead of saying "My Chinese name is xxx, and my English name is xxx.", 你可以这样说：

-My name is xxx（你的原名）, and I?

go by?xxx(你的英文名).

一些美国学生不乐意用自己的原名，而偏好昵称，也可以用

go by来表达：

-My name is Catherine, and I?

go by?Cat.

3. Appreciate it!

每次从校车上下来时，大家都会礼貌地对司机表示感谢，有次看到四个小哥鱼贯而出，每个人表达感谢的语句都不同。除了常见的"Thank you very much!"，"Thanks a lot!"以外，我觉得最好听的就是

“Appreciate it!"

4. Have a good one!

美国人很喜欢互相道好，无论认识不认识。每次和人再见的时候（可能是下班，结完账离开超市，下课等等），往往会对同事/收银员/老师/...说声"Have a good day/night"之类的。有时下午5,6点，天还没黑，我总会把”Have a good night!"说成"Have a good day!"，后来发现，还有种更简易的表达，日夜均可使用，即

"Have a good one!"，简单顺口，客套必备。

5.宾语前置（知友

@Scrummble指出应该是状语前置）

这是种B格很高的表达方式，在每张美元背面都有一句话"

In God We Trust"（如下图）

此外有次等红灯时，看见前面一辆车的车牌上的Motto写的是"

United We Stand"，当时瞬间感受到这种句式的力量与B格，于是脑补出一句“

A Sandwich I Had"。（

@Scrummble还说我的例子语法错误…我去角落捂脸了）

6. Without further ado

这句在YouTube视频里经常听到，那些YouTubers在视频开头往往先介绍这个视频是干什么的，再顺便扯几句近期生活，然后在切入正题之前，有时会用这么一句"

Without further ado, let's get started."这句话的意思就类似于“

废话少说，让我们开始吧。”

每次听到这句，我都会联想另一个四字常用词汇“原来如此”，真希望它在英文里也有完全对应的翻译，我就不用每次都将说了半句的“搜迪斯卡”咽下去了。。。

7. Figure

当想表达“我觉得/我认为/我猜”的时候，有个很好用的表达就是“I figure.."

-

I figured?you might wanna be alone for a while, so I didn't bother you.

8. Petite/plus size/pale/fair/tan/dark

这几个都是形容外貌的，就放在一起说。

在形容人个子矮的时候，short可能不够委婉，一般说

petite。

在形容人胖的时候，fat明显不够委婉，可以说

plus size。

在形容肤色时，长得白和黑不是white和black（慎用！），而是

pale/fair（形容白），

tan/dark形容黑

9. Email常用礼貌用语

-I hope this email finds you well.用于开头。

-Any response will be appreciated.用于结尾，通常正文是找对方询问事情。

-Please feel free to let me know if there should be any question.用于句尾，通常正文是上交文件，材料，或者回答问题等。

-It would be great/the best if you could...这就是传说中比"Could you please..."还要更加委婉的请求式句型了。

10. I'm good.

这句可以用来回答How are you?此外，常用于：

-Do you want some chips with your sandwich?

-No,?

I'm good. Thanks.

-Do you have any questions?

-No,?

I'm good.

也可用作委婉拒绝。

-Do you wanna go to a strip club?

-

I'm good.

（以下为8.2更新）

11. Shoot

除了“射击”之意，还有以下日常用法：

-Whenever you need help, just?

shoot?me an email. （比send更口语化）

-I've collected some negative comments on you.

-

Shoot. （类似于Go ahead说吧)

-I was?

shooting?for 100, but 98 is ok. （意为本想

冲击100分）

-Oh?

shoot...（其实就是Oh s**t! 的委婉说法）

12. 结束对话用语

-I'll leave you be. （类似于“打扰了”，“告辞了”，是在《纸牌屋》里看到Claire对一个白宫工作人员或是记者说的）

-As you were. （这句通常上司对下属讲完工作之后可能用到，是在《基本演绎法》里看到的）

13. Off the hook

意为“从麻烦脱身”，可以想象一条鱼脱离鱼钩的样子。

-He paid all the fines so he's finally?

off the hook?now.

-He's?

off the hook, he doesn't do drugs any more.

《绝望主妇》里面Bree问她儿子Andrew，现在年轻人还说"Awesome"吗？Andrew告诉她，他们现在都说"Off the hook"，可见，这个词组也有Cool, awesome之意。

-That party was?

off the hook!

印象中《宋飞正传》里Jerry, Elaine和George有对off the hook和on the hook的一段讨论，但是在网上搜出来的似乎都是小黄网站，于是隐隐觉得似乎这个表达不是什么好表达了。。。

14. Hands down

有“绝对，毫无疑问”之意。可以这样联想，因为毫无疑问，所以不会举手提问，也就是hands down。

-My favorite TV show is?

hands down

Friends.

15. Though

大家都熟悉though用于句首和句中表转折，但可能不太了解它放在句末的用法。

-Do you want me to get you a cup of coffee?

-No, I'm good. Thank you?

though. （意为

不过还是）

另外一个用法是在Instagram上看到的，关注了一个账号整天推送搞笑短视频，内容都是人和动物摔倒啊，被砸啊，被吓到啊等等很囧的场面。然后这个账号经常配的文字就是以though结尾的语句，可以感觉到明显的

讥讽意味。例如：

（一个男人被电梯整蛊吓得尖叫）

-That scream?

thoug

h. （重音在scream）

(一只狗打了一个喷嚏，然后全身狂抖）

-That sneeze?

though.（重音在sneeze）

16. Sure/Of course/Certainly

当时初中学英语的时候记得这三个词经常一起出现，表达“当然”，一直模模糊糊地认为他们是一个意思，后来慢慢地才了解到他们的用法的区别。

Sure一般用来表达欣然同意对方的提议，意为“

好呀”：

-Can I give you a call?

-

Sure!

-Would you like to get a cup of coffee or something?

-

Sure!

而Of course则有

“那当然了”，“不用多说”的意味在里面：

-There are,?

of course, exceptions to the rule.

-What do you do now?

-Still farming.

-

Of course.

（此对话来自《唐顿庄园》里庄主Robert问他领地里的一位农民现在做些什么，农民回答还是做农活，并且一脸颓丧的样子，潜台词是“我还能做啥，还不是做做农活而已”，Robert听后稍愣了一下，大概觉得自己问的问题有点愚蠢，于是说了句

Of course. 可见，如果问了一个本该知道答案的问题，对方回答后，你可以说这么一句

Of course.）

Certainly则比较少见，在Google上查到它的使用频率也是渐渐下降：

不知道是不是一个渐渐淡出江湖的词汇。

（以下为8.4更新）

17. 模糊语气

在表达“差不多”，“接近”，“...的样子” ，“之类的”等模糊的意思时，除了nearly, approximately, almost, kind of, sort of 等词汇外，更口语的说法还有

or s

o,?-ish

,?...s

omething等：

-He has worked in the company for a year and two months?

or so.

-After dinner I had 30 cherries?

or so.

-That movie was good-

ish.（此人应该觉得电影并不怎么好看）

-That color is blue-

ish.

-Let's meet around 9-

ish.

-30 books every?

twenty

-something?girl must read. （类似于知乎豆瓣经常出现的

20多岁女孩的必读书单）

-Wanna a cup of water or?

something?

18. Sense

sense的意思非常多，有“...感”，“意思/意识”，“目的”等，无法和一个中文词汇完全对应。国内用到a sense of的标配经常是a sense of humor，其实可以使用的范围非常广。

-What is?

the sense of?going out in the rain? （意为“

目的”）

-The purpose of the meeting is to let you get?

a sense of?how we work. （好难翻译！请意会）

-Does that?

make sense?to you?（这句话很常见，通常在解释完某个复杂的事情或事物后，为了解对方是否听明白，会问这么一句，配以拧巴的眉头，微倾的头颅）

19. 没听懂对方的话时

听不懂或没听清对方的意思，这种状况常常发生，不论你是不是native speaker。除了Sorry? Excuse me? Could you repeat that? 以及英语课本里教的I beg your pardon? 可以用来要求对方再说一遍外，还可以这样告诉对方

你没听清：

-!#%^*>??#^&

-Sorry,?

you lost me.?

-#%^&^$(!_+?><

-Sorry,?

I didn't follow.?

20. A touch of

意为"

一点儿"， 但是不是比a little, a bit of听起来要更有画面感？

-"Chinese White Tie" means White Tie with?

a touch of?China. （这是美国Vogue杂志主编Anna Wintour给记者解释刚过去的中国主题Met Gala的dress code的含义时用的原句。）

-I have?

a touch of?flu and need some rest.（意为“

轻微的”）

21. Shy of

意思类似于short of。

-He's just?

shy of?6 feet. （"

接近"6英尺=1.8288米）

《老友记》里面有次6人玩扑克牌，Ross加注的时候发现钱不够了，说了句"Joey, I'm a little shy here."，意思是钱不够了，想找Joey借钱，结果Joey傻了吧唧地拍了拍Ross肩膀，说有哥们儿在，不怕。还好Chandler听出了shy的第二层意思，掏出了钱包。

22. Dress up/down?

Dress up可不是穿上衣服的意思，而是

穿着正式的意思，相应的

穿着随意则是dress down.

-You need to

?dress up?for the dinner. But during the daytime, you can?

dress down?as you like.

（以下为8.11更新）

23. 又是几个对话常见表达，适用于特定场合。

在宾馆/图书馆/售票处/电话客服..办事结束后，经常会听到一句"

You're all set." 听到这句话就知道事儿已办妥可以拎着东西滚了。如果不知道自己的事儿是不是弄好了，而对方又专心致志作敲键盘状时，可以问一句"

Am I all set?" 不要像楼主第一次住完宾馆在前台傻了吧唧地站在那儿等人家给我receipt等了二十分钟，人家终于忍不住问我"What else can I help you with?"才知道我早就可以滚了。。

有时用公共饮水机/洗手池时有可能不巧地前面正好有人在使用，于是站在别人身后两英尺处耐心等待，同时说一声"

Take your time" 让对方不用太着急，对方使用完可能对你说声"

All yours"让你放心上前使用，文明的世界真美好。

24. At some point

这个表达非常好用，可以表示过去某时刻，也可以表示将来某时刻。

-

At some point?I decided she was no longer my friend. （表示之前某时刻）

-Do you want me to add that information in the document?

-No. But?

at some point?we will need that. （表示将来某时刻，比in the future明显更适用）

25. Comfort

Comfort的意思大家都懂，就是舒服，舒适，爽。在国内的时候，我只知道俺家的沙发是comfortable的，而在老美的口语表达中，这个词可以使用的语境实在是多。

-You should make sure you are?

comfortable?with the height every time you jump off. （这是楼主第一次去攀岩俱乐部玩抱石时，教练对我说的，comfortable在这里的意思更贴近于“

没有不适，能接受”）

-If no support was provided, we should perform audit steps to obtain?

comfort?that the item was appropriately included. （这里意译过来应该是

“确保”，意思等同于make sure）

可见comfortable这种状态，不一定是躺在沙发上全身放松，还可以是生活工作中每一个细小的，让你呼吸平稳，心跳规律的状态。

（以下为8.25更新）

26. Thing

除了“事物”之意外，在口语中还有以下常见用法：

-I think he has?

a thing?for you. （就是中文里“他对你

有意思”的意思）

-Being funny is Chandler's?

thing?and Ross's?

thing?is getting divorced. (来自《老友记》，这里thing不好翻译，可以理解为“

某人最显著的特质”，即让别人想到你就联想起来的东西。）

27. Have/get your back?

意为“

罩着你”，“

挺你”或者“

有我在”。

-If you ever need help, just ask. You know I?

have your back.

-Just go ahead. Don't worry.?

I got your back.

28. In the middle of nowhere

意为“

荒郊野外”。

-Bree once dropped her teenage son?

in the middle of nowhere.

29. Walk through

虽然这个词组里有walk这个动词，但是通常和行走没有太大关系。可以理解为“

过一遍”。

-Could you?

walk me through?the process so I can get a better understanding of your business?

30. 标点符号的说法

仔细想想我们还没有好好学习过标点符号的英语表达呢，那就一起总结一下吧！

, comma

. period

— dash （破折号，用法为句子A - 句子B，注意字符两边都有空格）

# pound （#有时候可作编号之意，比如“#1”为“编号1”， 而No.1则为“排名第一”）

/ slash

\ backslash

"" quote

() [] {} brackets

*star

_ underscore

- hyphen （连字符，用法为word-word，组成一个新词，例如anti-discrimination，字符两边没有空格）

~ tilde

! exclamation point/mark

? question mark

' apostrophe

: colon

; semicolon

? bullet

numerator 分子

denominator 分母

（真是涨姿势啊！）

（以下为11.21更新）

31. Doesn't hurt to do something

意为“做什么事有好处/不会有坏处”。

-

It does't hurt to?take a look of what you've done and see if it could be improved.

32. You might wanna/you don't wanna

这可以是给别人建议做某事/别做某事时使用的短语。

-

You might wanna?have a cup of water at hand in case that food is too spicy.

-

You don't wanna?call her in the middle of the night. You don't know how grumpy she could be.

33. Can use some?

意为“正需要”。

-After a long week, I?

can really use some?rest.

-That shirt is too flashy.

-You?

can use some?flash.

（来自《宋飞正传》）

34. At the end of the day

意为“到头来”，“到最后”，“最终”，并不是“一天的最后”。

-They all said they would help me, but?

at the end of the day?nobody did.

35. The last thing I wanna do

可不是“最后一件想做的事”，而是“最不想做的事”。

-

The last thing I wanna do?is hurting your brother.

（来自《老友记》Rachel对Monica说她不会伤害Ross）

（以下为4.14.2016更新）

36. Be my guest

这个表达可不是邀请对方做客，而是

在对方提出要做某件事的时候给出允许。

-Can I have the last piece of cake?

-Sure!?

Be my guest.

老友记里面有一集Monica和Rachel楼上的邻居把地毯撤掉了，各种噪声通过天花板传来听得一清二楚，Pheobe问她们怎么不上去和那人说，Monica表示那人太帅了，她没法开口。Phoebe不信，决定要上楼去教训下那个人。Monica和Pheobe之间有这样一段对话：

MONICA :?He took up the carpets and now you can hear everything.?

PHOEBE :?Well, why don’t you go up there and ask him to just, like "step lightly, please"??

MONICA :?I have, like five times, but they guy is so charming that I go up there to yell and then I end up apologizing to him.?

PHOEBE :?Ewww, that is ...

(angrily)?silly. I’ll go up there, I’ll tell him to keep it down.?

MONICA :?Alright.?

Be my guest.?

37. Gut

直译过来是“肚子”，但在英语里面有“

直觉”之意。

-I don't know how to decide.

-Well, what does your?

gut?tell you?

有时又指“

胆量”。

-I hate that guy! I want to punch him in the face!

-You don't have the?

guts.

38. It works

这个表达在日常口语中实在太常见了。在国内时work往往指工作，但在英语中更像是说某件事“

有效运行”。

-I don't understand how polygamy?

works.

-We tried a new model and it?

worked!

39. Buy that

除了“

买它”的直译外，还有“

相信一个说法”的意思。来看例句理解吧：

-He said he didn't do it but?

I don't buy it.

-She told me she missed our date because she had to work.

-That's so made up! I can't believe you?

bought it.

40. Table

几个和table有关的表达：Bring to the table和On/Off the table。

Bring to the table指“

带来的好处”：

-Do you have any advice for me on the interview?

-Just be yourself and talk what you can?

bring to the table?with all the experience you have.

On the table指“

考虑的”，相应的，Off the table指“

不作考虑的”：

-The proposed new bill will soon be?

on the table?in Parliament.

-We will take no options?

off the table?to achieve that goal.

例句来自Google，众多美剧英剧，答主亲耳所闻，和现场脑补。

其余想起再更。

（深切地感觉到，语言的学习真是终生的，也是每一天的。来美一年，英语进步了，语文却因为读得少了，写得少了，退步很多，最明显的感受就是对成语的运用能力大大下降。语言不仅是表达方式，更是思维方式，一般人来回切换模式做不到那么干脆利落，所以常见海外党写起东西来中英夹杂。深有体会，但不该如此。生活多年的环境在自己身上打下的文化烙印值得慢慢品味，好好珍惜。）

编辑于 2016-04-15?

219 条评论?

感谢?

分享

?

收藏?

??没有帮助???举报???作者保留权利

5776赞同

反对，不会显示你的姓名

Demilia?

，欢迎值乎找我～https://www.zhihu.com/zhi/people/723370227122860032

韩冬、?刘巍然-学酥?等?5776?人赞同

天知道这个句型拯救了我多少英语邮件…

"I was just wondering if maybe you wanted to go to the ball with me？"

例子嘛，仅仅是几个月内邮件的我就翻出来这么多：

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

回复评论区：为什么用was wondering 而不是 am wondering呢？

--?

其实都对啦，引用老师的回答："I was wondering..." sounds much more natural and polite, even though "I am wondering..." makes more sense grammatically in regard to the actual meaning.

回复评论区：为什么后面用wanted而不是want？

--?

这个主要是因为主句为了礼貌而使用了过去式，所以要前后一致

歪果仁回复：

回复评论区：这个句子用逗号还是句号？

--

（翻译：句号和问号都可以用，不过（你例子里面） breakfast 前面的 a 要去掉哦

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

相似用法补充：

Would you mind if I asked you about ... ?

也是过去式表示礼貌哦

欢迎移步其它英语方面的答案：

http://www.zhihu.com/question/24327190/answer/77853479

哪一句日常用的英语很简单但是格调和品位很高？ - Demilia 的回答

有哪些高级的英语表达技巧，让人一听就感觉很地道？ - Demilia 的回答

为什么一些比较老的用英文演唱的作品（比如亨德尔的许多英文作品）的本真版演绎中，r会被发成大舌音？ - Demilia 的回答

收藏的同时也顺便点个赞呗！么么哒～

编辑于 2015-12-22?

216 条评论?

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对中国人来讲最难掌握的肯定是介词。

由于中英两种语言思维方式的不同，介词对中国人而言无疑是最最难掌握的知识点，能否灵活的使用介词是衡量一个人英语水平的重要标准之一。

大家先不要往下看，先试着翻译一下这3个句子：

1，她看着我，感到很惊讶。

2，那个穿着黑色夹克的男人是我最好的朋友。

3，他看着我笑。

我想大多数朋友的翻译差不多是下面这样：

1, She looked at me and felt surprised. (in surprise)

2, The man who wears a black jacket is my best friend. (in black jacket)

3, She looked at me and laughed. (She looked at me in laughter)

这些句子从语法上都不能算错，但是不符合英语的惯用说法，是典型的Chinglish。不难看出，例子中保留着

中文喜欢用动词的痕迹，而括号中改进后的句子更加简单凝练，更加符合英语的习惯。

还有很多让中国人奔溃的用法，比如说在微软工作为什么要用

at?Microsoft而不用

in； 在农场是

on?the farm但是在村里又变成了

in?the village；木头做的椅子是a chair made?

of?wood但是为什么葡萄做的酒又变成了wine made?

from?grapes。这些用法常常让人捉摸不透，但其实如果你仔细研读下介词的含义，会发现这些不同的介词常常代表了人们对对象之间“关系”理解的不同。如果你不明白，可以继续往下看。

为什么介词很难掌握？

我们写或说英语的时候，基本所有的错误是由中文的思维方式导致的。你搞不懂时态，是因为中文里没有时态；你常常被定冠词搞的晕头转向，因为中文没有冠词；你she和he不分，是因为中文发音相同……

也就是说，你在英语的错误绝大多数都可以找到母语的影子。同理，介词之难也就在此：

英语中介词的数量远远大于中文。从本质上来说，汉语是一门多运用动词的语言，而英语有很多介宾短语（比如cut back, cut out, cut down on意思都不同），而且很多介词的意思也相近。例如，中文“我觉得学习很难”，里面没有任何介词，但有些同学可能就会错误的翻译成“Learning is very difficult to me.”（to应该用for），这表明我们在学校通过死记硬背记掌握介词的方法其实往往不那么可靠。

另一个原因，由于介词用法灵活复杂，老师和字典有时候讲不到有些知识点。例如

字典往往告诉你一个介词可以使用的情况，却不告诉你它不能被使用的情况。例如，如果一只笔完全被一张纸盖住了，我们可以说笔under或者underneath这张纸。但是如果这支笔有一半露在纸张外面，我们这时候就只能用under，不能用underneath了。也就是说underneath的使用范围要比under小。这些知识是字典和语法书不会告诉你的，那么在实际情况下你就有可能用错。这种情况很容易发生在意思相近的介词之间，比如in和inside，字典往往只会给出解释，但不会讲解他们各自不适用的情况。

一个介词往往有很多用法，学校和语法书只是列出这些解释，但是并不讲解这些不同意思之间的语义联系，因此本身可以通过理解来轻松掌握的知识点最后成了完全的死记硬背。比如fall?

over和get?

overa cold中的over有什么共同点？老师和字典很少会讲。了解英语对这种“关系”的理解能帮助我们正确使用介词。

最后，吐槽下我们的英语教育，只是让学生死记硬背，却不解释知识点背后的原因。我有次在上中学的妹妹的英文卷子上看到的选择题是 “_____ the mid-autumn Festival.” A, in B, at C, during，标准答案是B。当时很想和出卷的老师好好的撕一场啊。我到现在也不明白为什么during不可以用。

那么，什么是介词？

从本质来讲，介词是用来表现对象之间的“关系”。

英语通过词语，短语之间的关系来体现逻辑脉络，句子主干。介词便是表现这种“逻辑关系”的元素之一，用来体现词和词之间的逻辑脉络。把“暴力防止研究中心”翻译成Violence Prevention and Study Center，一定没有Center?

for?the Study and Prevention?

of?Violence看起来好懂。但是第一种恰恰是中国人的表达习惯，而英语的习惯则是尽量不用名词去修饰名词，因为名词是“静态的”，不能表达词和词之间的关系。但后一个翻译中的介词for和of 的运用，清楚表明了这是一个什么样的center，是针对什么的防治和研究。

更近一步讲，介词用来描述的“关系”主要有三种：

1，空间关系（spatial relationship），比如：the cat sat?

on?the mat,?

over?his shoulder

2, 时间关系（temporal relationships），比如：

on?Thursday,?

in?November

3, 抽象关系（metaphorical relationships）,比如：

on?her Majesty’s secret service,?

for?your eyes only

如果回顾介词的历史，其实可以看出

介词的语义是以空间位置和运动为本源的。也就是说，这种空间关系经过拓展可以表示时间和抽象关系。了解这种语义范畴的转换，可以帮助我们更加熟练准确的运用介词。

空间关系

语言学家 R. C. Close 在 A Reference Grammar 中，把表示空间关系的介词大致分为了点，线，体，线四部分来讨论。这部分内容

施元佑在《语法俱乐部》中做了简单的介绍，但是书中这部分内容太过宽泛，并不系统。

我们以最最常用的in，on，at三个空间介词来举例，这三个词用来表示空间整体，空间的面和空间的点为研究对象。

in?Shanghai中把上海看成了一个立体的「3D空间」；

on?the table中虽然table是立体的，但是这里强调桌「面」，所以用on；而at更多的是强调空间的「点」，例如

at?the corner of the street。

时间关系

可以发现，表现空间的介词往往会自然而然的引申到时间域。同样的，on，in，at在表述空间关系上的不同往往也反映在了时间域上。

in在空间上里强调「3D空间」，因此它表明时间似乎「长到可以在里面（in it）」，所以in the Stone Age, in 2016, in May等等；

on自然就用在时间不长不短的场合（unit of time of medium size），有on the day, on Monday等等；

at在空间上表示「点」，那么在时间上似乎就有短的意味，比如at that moment, at 9:15等等。

这似乎就给介词带上了一层「修辞」的功能，比如美国人常常说over, on 或者 during the weekend，但是英国人一般说at the weekend。这种不同其实表现了两种文化对weekend的观念的不同，也许是英国人比美国人更加觉得周末太过于短暂，所以他们更倾向于用at吧。同样， 有时候作者可能会在同一种情况用不同的介词来达到不同的写作效果。比如during表现时间的时候似乎有把时间“拉长”的感觉（stretch out the time），看例句：

The ball drops down a flagpole during the final minute of the year.

这句话给我们的画面是球在那一分钟的时间里（stretched time）降落的过程，是动态的。而如果我们把during改成at，由于at往往用来描述短暂的时间点，句子本来传达的动态感似乎就消失了，变成了“那个球在那一瞬间落了下来”。你可以试着自己体会一下。

看到这里你自然也就明白了上面at the Mid-autumn Festival的选择题有多么荒唐了，简直是禁锢思维的枷锁。

抽象关系

同样，继续引申，空间介词会表现抽象关系。比如on在表示空间关系的时候，往往有“接触＋支撑”的意思，例如the phone?

on?the desk，电话和桌子是接触的并且桌子提供了支撑。这种“接触”反应到抽象关系时，就引申出了“负担（burden）”的意味，例如Shame?

on?you，there’s a lot of pressure?

on?me, the difficult?

on?them等等。再看，

- turn your back?

to?sb

- turn your back?

on?sb

前者表示背朝某人，只是方向上面的变化。而第二个on的“负担”意味，表现出了对某人感情上的不尊重感。He is short?

of?brains和He is short?

on?brains两句意思相同，但是第二个的感情色彩更加偏贬义。

写了这么多，只是觉得我们从来都是在努力死记硬背介词的用法，而学校的教育也在不断的重复这种方式。想要学好英语，应该了解介词最基本的解释，再通过广泛的阅读来解决：快速，大量，持续的阅读英文作品。这样看过各种用法和例子之后，就会在自己的脑海中掌握这种“感觉”（a matter of convention）。那么在自己输出的时候，自然可以熟练准确的运用。

这里给大家推荐一本学习介词的好书：

English Prepositions Explained

最后给大家点鸡汤，介词非一朝一夕之功，不要气馁，很多资深的英语写作者，也偶尔出错，例如：

He was apprehended by US forces in Pakitika province for suspicion?

of?carrying weapon. (英国卫报，2014)

His parents told officers Reynolds was fixated?

by?violent p*rnography. (英国卫报，2015)

Manchester United were dumped out of the Champions League despite investing ￡260 million?

onplayers. (每日邮报，2015)

A review?

into?Britain’s banking culture has been ditched by the UK’s financial watchdog. (金融时报，2015)

…the generation gap between Korea’s increasingly liberal younger generation, and older people, still imbued?

in?the nation’s conservative traditions. (独立报，2015)

上面加粗的介词全部都是错误的用法。所以你要是偶尔用错也不必气馁，坚持下去就好：）

最后做个广告，想定时阅读最有干货的英语学习推送吗，请扫二维码关注：

编辑于 2016-03-06?

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Ryan Woo?

，德不孤，必有邻

可可苏玛、?Hasuran Li?等?1492?人赞同

6-28-2016 update:

一觉醒来发现900多个赞，多谢支持，龟速回复评论中

再顺便补充一些想起来的单词和词组

选择这些单词有部分原因是一词多意，但是更多是因为答主被这里面的单词困惑过，经历过理解错误带来的麻烦，所以才有这样一个总结，感谢评论区里面各位朋友的批评指正，我会慢慢更新进去。谢谢！

————————————————原答案分割线————————————————

刚来美国的时候，有些词用法在美国非常常见，但是国内基本没见过，很多美剧电影也不见得会涉及到这方面，但是却是美国人通识：

Compliment?大家都知道，是“赞扬”的意思但是Complimentary就跟赞扬毫无关系了，

Complimentary?这个词非常频繁的出现在酒店，宾馆等场所，其实就是“免费”，“Free”的意思，例如

complimentary Wifi 免费Wifi

complimentary drink 免费的饮料

上面还出现了Premium?这个词，如果直接翻译是“附加费”，其实更多的时候在生活中是“高档”，而用在保险行业就是“你需要支付的钱”。

Valet?parking 也是经常出现在酒店等场所，其实就是“代人停车”的意思，一般都会收费，那么免费的呢？一般是说self parking，一般不收费，或者收取少量费用。谢?

@乌鸦跳大神?补充

Quote?课本里面会说是“引用”，但是美国一般指代服务性收费“报价”的含义，例如保险问价：insurance quote 等，谢评论?

@王雪莽?补充：

询价是Inquire,报价是Quote,询盘是Inquiry,报盘是Quotation.

Alien，很多喜欢看电影的朋友都知道：“异形”！要不就是Dell的“外星人”。其实美国用得最多的含义反而是：“外国人”，许多人第一次来美最先遇到的就是这个词，反而我们耳熟能详的foreigner很少见到：

Custom，接上面，常见的课本含义是“风俗，习惯”，美国很多时候也指“海关”，类似的还有

Duty：在海关领域是“关税”，而不是“责任”

Rubber: 课本里面是“橡胶”，也有“橡皮擦”的含义，但是美国这边跟 buy 一起用，一般指的是Condom，所以你要买橡皮擦，美国的单词是

Eraser

交通方面的：

RV，这个词是

recreational vehicle的简称，我们一般称作“房车”

所以你知道这个单词后，就知道路上经常看得见的

RV park?并不是公园，而是“

停房车的地方”

Xing，这个词经常会在路边看到，是Crossing的简称，是提示司机有行人横穿马路

Ped是Pedestrian 行人的简称

Highway， Freeway，Expressway?基本都是高速，只是略微有区别，Freeway并不是指免费的路

Yield，通常路上看见并不是“产出”的意思，而是“让行”

Outlet，可能现在广为人知的含义是“奥特莱斯”，不过一般喜欢加s用，

outlets。除了这个含义外，“插线口”也是这个单词，所以刚到美国需要买插线板一定别忘了这个单词，然后就是用在交通领域，一般作“出口”讲，尤其是“

no outlet”就是说这是条死路，看上去是条路，其实无法穿越，找路时就别开进去了：

Drive Through，这也是个神奇单词，如果你在各个词典里面翻一般都是“驾车穿越”，但是在绝大部分对话和应用中其实是指：你开着车去快餐店点餐，然后人不离车取货开车离去。

Meter，也是个神奇单词，课本里面主要用作“米”，1米＝100厘米 基本是大家耳熟能详的。但是美国恰恰不用公制，大众完全不理解Meter作为度量衡的概念，所以常常用起另一个含义：“表”。在交通领域一般两个用途：“Meter on” 指“高速限入”：

“

parking meter”指停车计价器：

Auto, 课本一般取“自动”这个含义（Automatic），但是这边更多是“汽车”的简称

一些金融方面的：

Cashback，这个词有多个含义，用在不同语境：

用在超市收银台的时候，指代你用借记卡付款时顺便取出几十刀零钱

Debit card cashback。

用在信用卡上面，一般是“返现”的意思，例如2% cashback，就是说这张卡是2%返现

Cashback reward program.

Check，课本里面都是作动词用“检查”，在金融领域都是指“支票”，而Checking account 就是指的是支票帐户，类似于银行账户

Endorse，用在Check背面可以理解成需要你的签名，用在政治场合一般是支持某人的政治观点，为人背书

Rebate，这个词国内基本看不见，但是很多买卖时打折，优惠都有这个rebate出现，可以理解成优惠，一般是具体数字的优惠，例如$200 rebate 就是优惠$200，与discount用法不一样，discount经常和百分比一起使用

Incentive，也是个经常会遇到的单词，尤其是买车的时候常常和上面的rebate一起用，都是折扣的意思，还有很多时候会和Tax一起使用，指税收上面的优惠。

Install是安装

，但是Installment?是“分期付款”

Statement，银行领域就是“对账单”，新闻或者法律场合就是“声明”

Balance，课本学的是“平衡”，美国大部分时候用到的地方是“结余”，Current Balance：“当前结余”，Statement Balance： “账单结余”

Interest，金融上面是“利息”，其余地方就是“兴趣”了

吃的：

Fries，薯条，美国不用“Potato Chips”，Chip专门指超市卖的袋装零食薯片

Ranch，部分时候指“农场”，更多的时候指“Ranch酱”

Tip，读书的时候基本用作“小技巧”，生活中大部分时候都是“小费”的意思。正规点的说法是

gratuity，都是小费。

再补充几个常见的短句，短语：

Have a nice one?= Have a nice day “祝你今天愉快”，其实就是“再见”的客套话，尤其是打电话，聊天的时候

Thanks, but no thanks?“谢谢，不用”的客套话

Domestic partner?法律意义上同居的人

编辑于 2016-06-29?

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yoosijinxi

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受@Demilia 答案启发，贴几个平时和学校之间往（si）来（bi）邮件最经常用的，通常都是看别人怎么发给我的，七年里看了好多好多，也发过很多很愚蠢的邮件被各种鄙视和纠正，最后索性就不自由发挥了…………

要点：简洁简洁再简洁，避免长句子，内容多时最好要分段，特别希望对方看到的重点（时间、地点、金额等）一定加粗出来。

询问/确认类： "I would like to inquire about..."（询问）

"I would like to inquire if..."（确认）

可以像@Demilia 答案里那样说"I was just wondering if maybe..."，一般我们都是平时私底下发短信聊天、比较随意的场合会更喜欢这样讲，"Ohhh just wondering if you wanna come HAHAHA"。正式一点的句式推荐使用"I would like to inquire about ..."，适合给机构/公司/学校/组织等发相对正式、希望引起对方重视、简单粗暴要成效的书面邮件时使用。

举栗子：询问学校是否有这样一门课程

上交文件等待对方确认 "Please kindly refer to the attachments."

"Please kindly see the attachment(s) as follow(s)."

"The XXX（对方需要的文件） is/are attached as follow(s)."

很多时候贴完附件不知道说什么，或说一大堆，啰嗦，怎么办？直接放这几句话中的一个就行。如果想be considerate，可以把每个附件的名称按照顺序写在邮件里，方便对方一一查收，而不是甩一堆附件上去然后说“你看吧，你要的都在这里！”

举栗子：给某保险公司发办保险需要的材料，把附件名称打出来并highlight

顺便说，"Please kindly..."真的是一句非常好用的句式，起到美妙的缓和作用，即使你是在和对方撕……

再具体解释一下，"Kindly" 本身就包含了请求，然后这个请求里包含着一点"you should do xxx"的意思。前面加上please表politeness. To be honest I don't really think anyone would put in too much thought into such cliché... They are simply being polite. 谢谢评论区的小伙伴~

想到其他的再补充，继续去和学校发邮件去了

编辑于 2015-07-29?

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Kayuk Chan?

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前面的回答很多都很精彩，我继续补充几个在教科书绝对不可能成为重点的超级常用词。

Shot

说实话，Shot这个词用法实在是太广了，我们在国内学英文的时候可能只接触了『用枪射击』这么一个意思，但在英文中，它几乎可以表示所有带有『一次行动』含义的词。

例如：

再来一杯酒 ~ another shot of whiskey

好球！~ Nice shot! (适用于任何运动)

打一针胰岛素 ~ give an insulin shot

拍照 ~ I took 60 shots of the wedding.

……

此外，shot这个词还有个很酷的用法，指的是『尝试』的意思。

e.g.

I’ve never played basketball before but I’ll give it a shot 尝试

EMINEM那首Lose Yourself里面就有这么一句

You only get one shot, do not miss your chance to blow

其中的shot指的就是尝试、机会。

会了这个词，下次说英语的时候就更接地气啦。

Context

Context这个词我们应该见得很多了，毕竟当年做阅读理解的时候到处都是『in the context』。但我来了美国才发现，context这个词的抽象层级非常的高，具体的意思就是，context不光光是指『上下文』的意思，所有与『环境』『情况』『前后关系』有关的意思都能用context表达。甚至连我写OS作业的时候，都能碰到switch context这种操作系统层级的概念。

e.g.

The decision was taken within the context of the great depression. 背景条件

In this context, I agree with her opinion. 语境

总体来说，相比与situation, circ*mstance这些大词，使用context会让你的句子显得更简洁有力。

Combo

第一次遇到这个词是在玩Fruit Ninja的时候，每次连击水果，画面上都会出现它，在这个Context里，Combo是连击的意思。

而Combo的核心含义，是多个东西的组合，它也是在美帝生活中最常见到的词之一。为什么？因为几乎所有的快餐店都会提供Combo Meal~看图说话，所谓Combo Meal就是几样单品的组合，也就是国内常说的套餐。

常见对话是这样的：

场景（麦当劳）：

Cashier: Hi, what would you like for lunch?

Customer: Can I have a big mac?

Cashier: Alright, what else?

Customer: Do you have a combo meal?

Cashier: Sure, the combo meal also includes a medium sized drink and french fries.

Customer: Okay, I’ll go with the combo meal then.

除了吃以外，任何『套餐』型的商品都可以用Combo形容，所以这个单词在生活中的出现频率真的是相当相当的高。

Pissed

日常生活中，老美会如何形容自己很生气呢？按照国内教科书的教法，angry似乎是最常用的词，但以我的经历来看，angry并不是老美表达生气时的首选，更常用的是一个从未出现在我们课本中的词—Pissed。

Piss这个词很有意思，它有小便的意思，”piss my pants”对应中文中的尿裤子，当它加了ed变为形容词以后，就有了表达生气的含义，想想也是挺形象的lol。

e.g. She is?

pissed?at her boyfriend for not calling her.

我个人的感觉，angry和pissed的区别有点像中文里面『我很生气』与『我被惹毛了』，两句话表达的意思虽然差不多，但是后者的感情色彩更加浓烈，自然也就更加口语化。

暂时就想到这么多，如果读者反响好的话再接着写吧。

编辑于 2016-04-04?

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Emma?

，the EARTH without ART is just EH

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这里要谈到英美文化的差异问题，小时候在国内学的是美式英语，去了英国之后闹出了蛮多“笑话”，整理了一些

口语地雷——「那些不能在英国说的美(tu)式(bie)单词」

?衣鞋类

美国佬说的Nice pants(好看的裤子)，在英式英语的意思是：好看的内裤⊙?⊙

?文具类

贝克汉姆的小儿子从美国回来后,就老搞混rubber和eraser→_→

?食物类

英美很多零食的说法都不一样，特别是薯条和薯片，让人抓狂°△ °|||

吃货福利：英国党对饼干的不同分类

ps：特别提醒，tomato读作 [t??mɑ:t??]，美式读音会被笑噢~

?交通类

以下单词，用美式英语表达也是可以的，但用纯正British English会加分很多￣▽￣

?其他常用词

在秋季的假期里，我不排队就直接买了张电影票！请对照下表说出正确的英式表达????

（哈哈，颜文字玩嗨了~）

以上差不多了，如果大家对那些关于”因为口语雷区而闹出的笑话“感兴趣，就来阿波罗APP里面问我（Emma）吧！大庭广众之下说有点小羞羞呢 ?(? ???ω??? ?)??

阿波罗，海外留学好助手！

如果大家还对英国其他事感兴趣可以看看这里：

外国人永远不会懂得中英神翻译?

哪些翻译让你拍案叫绝？ - Emma 的回答

去英国留学有5件最重要的事?

去英国留学，要注意什么？ - Emma 的回答

哪一句日常用的英语很简单但是格调和品位很高？ - Adam 的回答

中国人起的奇怪的英文名有哪些？ - Adam 的回答

编辑于 2016-04-06?

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小木?

，爱穿 crop top 的女孩，运气都不会太差。

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1、To

这是我目前见过的最最最简单的但很多人都会在语法中忽略了的，也许中文表达里没有 to这种用法。如我听过很多人说，I need cry, I want see you, Do you like drink coffee ? 等等

按照中文的习惯这确实没错，我们都是直接说：我需要哭一下，我想见你，你喜欢喝咖啡吗？

但英文里动词前面不加 to, 读起来很奇怪。正确的说法是：I need to cry , I want to see you. Do you like to drink coffee??

2、available （有效的、空闲的、可利用的）

这词在美国使用的频率真的挺高的。经常会在邮件或人们的日常对话中出现。

我以前问美国人的时候一般会说：Are you free tomorrow? 然后我发现他们问我的时候是这样的：Are you available tomorrow? 听起来感觉立马不一样啊。

3、以前干什么我都是 I want to XX句式的、现在已改为：“ Would you mind that If I XX ” or “May I XX ” （我可以...吗?) 西方太看重这种礼貌了，哪怕你们之间再熟。

4、appreciate (欣赏、感激、领会）

很多都只会用 thank you or thanks a lot 来表示感谢。但是美国人说完谢谢后、一般喜欢加上一句：I appreciate it ! 感谢的分量就重了很多。

5、you're welcome?

我以前帮人开门时、别人说谢谢。我都会回答：you're welcome. 后来我发觉别人为我开门时、我说谢谢。但从来没人跟我说：you're welcome! 他们一般说：No problem 或 No worries 剧情怎么不一样的？

You're welcome 一般表示你帮了人家什么忙，人家感谢你，你才回答的。像扶一下门这些只是举手之劳。

6、How are you doing ?

非常非常常见的打招呼方式！随时随地都听到！使用频率和 Thank you 一样高。

国内的教科书一般都是用 How are you ?来打招呼。来美国后发现几乎只有我这样跟他们打招呼、他们跟我打招呼都是 how are you doing ? 回答的时候也只有我说：Fine, thank you 而他们都是回答：I'm good/ good/ not bad/doing well.. 剧情这么不一样、真是心累～?

7、There be （有）

很多中国学生太习惯用 have/has 来表示有。如咖啡店里有十个人。很多人或许第一反应是： The coffee shop has ten people. 但英语母语的人一般更喜欢说 ： There are ten people in the coffee shop.

8、being?

我过去一直用 “ As a Chinese " 来表示 “ 作为一个中国人” 但我老师帮我改为：Being born in China " 而且being 可表示目前状态，如 The reasons to love being single. （喜欢做单身狗的理由）网购最常见的，your items are being delivered. 你的物品发货了。

9、被动语态。如 have been + 过去分词。

我看到很多中国朋友一般都喜欢用一般过去时来表达，可能因为更简单直接。但是写论文的时候，老师很多时候都要求用第三人称，因为更客观。如 I submitted my assignment ( 我交作业了）转换成 My assignment has been submitted. 尤其是写作时。

10、consider（认为、想）

很多人会用 think 来表示 “想XX”…是对的。但用consider来代替 think，效果不太一样 . 如：You should consider what to do next .

11. Overweight （超重的）

很多中国人会很直接地说：He is fat ! 其实fat 这词有点不太礼貌的。说: He is overweight （他体重过重）比较好一些、但最好什么都别说。美国人对体重很玻璃心、因为很多人很肥。哈哈

12、Go Dutch（各自买单）

我有次和一个美国女生讨论美国约会文化时问她、美国情侣之间是不是很流行AA制。她说：什么是AA啊？我当时就懵了：Algebraic average? 这不是你们西方人发明的东西么！怎么还反问我。后来她告诉我比较流行的说话是 Go Dutch. 另外也有其他的表达方式如： go fifty-fifty.（平分） Let's share the bill. Let's split the check. 等～

13. African Americans?

时代变了。越来越多的人用 African Americans 来代替黑人“black”了。显得比较有礼貌、也符合政治正确。而nigg*r更是禁忌啊，是对黑人非常贬义的俗称。

另外对高加索人种的贬义称呼是 White Trash (洋垃圾，白色垃圾。专指白人）白人里的奇葩。

Chink ( 中国人的贬义称呼，具有种族歧视的成份）

Ching chong （西方人刻意模仿中国人说话的发音，有点冒犯之意）

Wetback (美国人用来形容非法移民的墨西哥人，带贬义）美国的墨西哥移民是真的多。

Gringo ( 墨西哥人用来称呼美国人，带贬义）

这些词我们很少会在公开场合听到，除非对方很没有素养。但是略知还是好的，万一遇到个没修养的人至少知道他在说什么。

14. Couple ( 多数指两或三）

美国人很爱用这词来代替 Two。如 a couple of days （两天或几天，但少于一个星期）。a couple of months (一般指两三个月）couple 也可以指一对夫妻，或情侣。如我们中文的：那小俩口。

15. Adorable (可爱的）

我似乎很少在日常生活中听到有人用 lovely这词来形容XX可爱。很多人会用cute、超多人用adorable! 这词可以用来形容人也可以形容宠物。（我老公奶奶每次看到我家柴犬都是用这词、重复好几遍）"He's sooooo adorable! "

16. Place (提交）

看到这词很多人脑海里浮现的是它的名词意思，如地方，住所等。其实它也可以作为动词使用，而且使用频率挺高的。尤其是在线购物的时候，如 Place your order （提交订单），Your order has been placed （你的订单已提交）

17. Have a good one ! ( 祝玩得开心）

超级频繁，天天都会听到几次。一开始我是真的不明白，实在理解不了 one在这里是什么意思。现在明白了，大概就相当于 Have a nice day。 回复的时候就回：Thanks, you too. 就行了。

18. Can‘t make it ( 做不到，来不了等）

别人约你，你去不了就说 “ I can't make it " 就相当于“ 我去不了” （可以加原因或者不加，你自己不主动说的话老外很少会问你原因的） 。别人叫你办什么事，你办不到也可以这么说。当然，如果答案是肯定的，就用 can.

19. what a crock.

有次在FB上看到的，有道词典上说 Crock是“瓦罐，老朽的人”等意思。我靠猜猜不到这意思。后来问身边的一个美国人。他说： It means something is nonsense. 相当于中文的胡扯的意思。

20. Have you finished or still working on it ? （吃完了吗？还是还在吃？）

吃饭的时候最常见的。几乎每次都会被问。美国的服务员和国内不太一样，他们每隔一段时间都会过来问问你情况怎样，有什么需要的。一开始总会觉得有点怪怪的，习惯就好了。如果你作肯定回答的话，他们就会把餐盘收掉。没吃完的话就直接告诉他：No. I'm still working on it. Thanks. 吃完后想埋单就说： "Can I have my check?" or " Can we have our checks" 刚来美国的时候我曾说过： Can I pay for my meal ? 服务员居然神懂了。哈哈哈

21. A pot party 这词是我在我的 Business law书里看到的。这真的不是“一个锅派对” 哈哈～

真实意思是毒品派对。Pot是大麻（marijuana )的俗称。

22. recover 有道词典的解释是： 恢复; 重新获得; 找回;

但是有时并非如此。如我 Business law书里的另外一个例子，如下：

Under contributory negligence, if the Plaintiff is even slightly negligent she recovers nothing. 这话的大意是：“在共同过失原则下，如果原告稍微疏忽，她什么也得不到。” recover 在此处翻译成恢复什么的话，读起来有点不顺了。

23. Drug Store (药店）

这真不是卖毒品的店，是药店。

24. Stupid?

大家都知道的骂人蠢的词，但我发觉我美国人用 dumb 来代替stupid的频率更高些。

25 due to?

在美国读书的人最熟悉又痛恨的词啊。相当于中文的截止日期。如，All assignments are due to tomorrow. 意思就是：明天上交所有的作业。

26. Assignment 作业

在美国一般都是用 assignment 来替代homework 比较多。如电子黑板里，一般都有 assignments 这项，但从来没有过 homework. 日常生活中你说 homework 大家也会懂，但就是使用频率低很多。

27. Has/have, Hasn't /Haven't + 过去分词 （有/ 还没有....)?

如 He hasn't seen the house yet. （他还没有看过那房子）听起来就比 He didn't see the house yet. 要地道很多，虽然意思一样。

28. House/ apartment （房子）

House 指别墅，apartment 指公寓。

编辑于 2016-06-26?

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李季?

，语法爱好者，公众号“外刊时文双语精析”

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我的回答是最熟悉的往往是最生疏的，既然前面各位讲了一些点方面的知识，我来讲一下线方面的，以后慢慢扩充到面。

以前担任某个比较大型翻译公司的译审的时候，经常会对那些提供试译稿的译员（大多是英语专业的）一个问题：“什么叫做英文的句子？但是很多人都答不上来，还有一些会觉得这个问题莫名其妙，好像在问一个小孩子1+1=多少似的。

但是根据我的观察和理解，在国外很多经典的写作教材中，这是一个首先就要解决的问题，而且这个问题的回答不是抽象的，而是具体的、操作性极强的。中文是一种会意的语言，而我们又有熟悉的中文环境和强大的中文思维，使我们的抽象思维比较强大，而反而对英文这种形式化语言变得有点手足无措。我曾戏谑的跟有些朋友们说，你总感觉你英文学不好，是因为你太聪明了，你需要将你的智商和情商拉低一点，或许还真会有很好的效果。这句话虽然是开玩笑的话，但是我觉得还是比较有道理的。

在知乎上，我看了一些大牛们通过汗牛充栋的学习，总结出了一个这样的规律：“一个英文的句子都基本是在讲‘谁干了什么’，按照这个思路去看每个句子，就肯定能看懂”，这个确实是一个英文句子的一个最具体的规律之一，对于英文尚还处于考试这个层次，但是还没有将相关的语法知识具体运用到自己的口语和写作中的朋友来说，还是特别受用的。

我的认为是，对于国内大多数学习英语的人而言，不是缺乏信息，不是缺乏教材，不是缺乏语法知识，也不是缺乏学习的激情，而是缺乏对于“英语句法”的了解，句法相对而言比我们高中时期学习的那些语法知识点而言难度要小得多，而且知识简单而又系统，并且立即就可以用上来，可惜国内并没有一些比较好的讲英语句法方面的教材，讲得通俗易懂的更少，很多人都觉得张道真、薄冰、章振邦等老牌语法学家的书上面的内容跟自己想要了解的英文内容相差甚远，而且感觉不能把上面的内容立即用在自己平常的英语学习中。

什么是句法？有没有一些简单粗暴的英文书籍能够使自己在短时间内把脑海里那些支离破碎的语法知识联系起来，一旦理解，立即生效的那些书呢？答案是肯定的，我觉得对于任何想在短时间内让自己的英文有学习思路的朋友可以先看看这本书：

The Least You Should Know About Writing Skills, Form.C,.Wilson,.Glazier,.10ed,.Wadsworth,.2011

这本书其实才300多页，除开练习部分，真正的内容可能就100多页，大概32开的样子，是本很小的书，我们来看第二章开头的一部分摘录内容：

Sentence structure refers to the way sentences are built using words, phrases, and clauses. Words are single units, and words link up in sentences to form clauses and phrases. Clauses are word groups with subjects and verbs, and phrases are word groups without subjects and verbs. Clauses are the most important sentence structures because they make statements—they tell who did what (or what something is) in a sentence. Look at the following sentence for example:?

We bought oranges at the farmer’s market on Mission Street.?

It contains ten words, each playing its own part in the meaning of the sentence. But which of the words together tell who did what? We bought oranges is correct. That word group is a clause. Notice that at the farmer’s market and on Mission Street also link up as word groups but don’t have somebody (subject) doing something (verb). Instead, they are phrases to clarify where we bought the oranges.?

Importantly, you could leave out one or both of the phrases and still have a sentence—We bought oranges. However, you cannot leave the clause out. Then you would just have At the farmer’s market on Mission Street. Remember, every sentence needs at least one clause that can stand by itself.?

Learning about the structure of sentences helps you control your own. Once you know more about sentence structure, then you can understand writing errors and learn how to correct them.?

Among the most common errors in writing are fragments, run-ons, and awkward phrasing.

Here are some fragments:?

Wandering around the zoo all afternoon.?

Because I tried to take too many classes at once.?

By tutoring the students in groups.?

They don’t make complete statements—not one has a clause that can stand by itself. Who was wandering? What happened because you tried to take too many classes at once ? What was the result of tutoring the students in groups ? These incomplete sentence structures fail to communicate a complete thought.?

In contrast, here are some run-ons:?

Gasoline prices are rising they’re definitely too high.?

The forecast calls for rain tomorrow I won’t wash my car.?

A truck parked in front of my driveway and it made me late for school.?

Unlike fragments, run-ons make complete statements, but the trouble is they make two complete statements; the first runs on to the second without correct punctuation. The reader has to go back to see where there should have been a break.?

So fragments don’t include enough information, and run-ons include too much. Another problem occurs when the information in a sentence just doesn’t make sense.?

Here are a few sentences with awkward phrasing:?

The problem from my grades started to end.?

It was a great time at the picnic.?

She won me at chess every time we played.

Try to find the word groups that show who did what, that is, the clauses. Once you find them, then try to put the clauses and phrases together to form a precise meaning. It’s difficult, isn’t it? You’ll see that many of the words themselves are misused or unclear, such as from, it, and won. These sentences don’t communicate clearly because the clauses, phrases, and even words don’t work together. They suffer from awkward phrasing.

这本书还用及其简单的单词和通俗易懂的方式告诉我们如果去找主干，英语的各个成分起什么作用且是如何配合的。

我结合上面的内容，做一下我的自己的一些总结：

一、每一个英文句子只用两种方式来描述所有的事情，

一是“什么做了什么”；二是“什么是什么”，即“who did what”和“what something is”，所以基本就是实意动词谓语表达“什么做了什么”，而be动词表达“什么是什么”。也就是说，英文能够用这两个表达方式能够描述世界上所有的事物。并由此而衍生了五种句型，且这五种句型的公共部分是“主语+谓语”。

二、英文的句子必须满足下面这几个条件，缺一不可：

① 所有的句子以大写字母开头。

② 所有句子以句号或者叹号和问号（. ! ?）结尾（有时用分号或者冒号）。

③ 一个句子至少有一个主干分句（main clause或者independent clause），也就是说所有的句子至少包含一个主语和一个谓语。

④ 句子中的单词遵循一套标准的顺序

The dog bit the man.

The man bit the dog.

但是下面这个句子就错了：

The bit man dog the.

⑤ 一个句子表达一个完整的意思，make complete statement 或者express a complete thought

这里面第③点和第⑤点讲得还不够具体，而且这两点是相互呼应的，我需要展开解释一下，因为这两点是中文跟英文差异最大的地方，也是我认为英语为什么比中文容易学的地方，因为英文及其讲究形式，甚至到了一种令人发指的地步，所以及其具有操作性。

对于第③点，英文中是这样认为的，任何一个句子首先只有一个主语（名词）+谓语（动词），而且你这个主语不能乱定，你写一个句子之前要想好这个句子我主要讲谁，然后他做了什么事情?或者是他是什么或者怎么了？这个就是句子的主干分句（main clause或者independent clause），主干句不仅在形式上要占主导地位，而且这个主干必须要表示这句话的中心思想，我经常称之为“形意双合”，另外我也找到了一些佐证如下：

A main clause carries the core meaning of the sentence and it must contain a proper verb and can be a sentence on its own, or part of a longer sentence.

Sentence: The dog growled angrily.

Main clause: The dog growled angrily and ran off.

摘自：“Nelson Grammar”, WendyWren.

但是问题是我们在表达自己想法的时候，还需要引入其它动词怎么办，而且引入了动词以后怎么跟主干的谓语动词区分呢？因为既然你已经定了主干了，其它所有的都是辅助性的成分，任何动词的引入都不得抢去主干谓语动词的地位，否则游戏规则被打破，所谓的主干也没有任何意义。

英文句法规则是这样玩的：

任何其它基本动词的引入必须要带上一个典型的标记，就是说凡是要开始启用一个其它的谓语动词，你必须“举旗呐喊”，带上关系代词、关系副词或者连词一起才能加入到句子当中，最典型的是“that”。这些词其实有个说法叫“信号词”，就是表示从句开始的信号，意思就是告诉读者，你别弄错了，我是从句中的谓语动词，我来这里是来帮忙的，不是来跟主干谓语动词抢位置的。如果是并列连词，顶多也是谓语动词平起平坐，但是连词是必须的。在有些情况下that可以省略，至于为什么可以省略，《文法俱乐部》中这个还是讲得比较详细，但是你必须要知道英语的句子到底是怎么一回事，我经常称英文句子中的这个情况叫做“主干专政”。如下面这个句子:

The dog that attacked the children was later put to death.

这个句子的主干是：

The dog was later put to death.狗被打死了。

如果去掉定语从句的关系代词that，这个句子变成了The dog attacked the children was later put to death。这个句子会变得非常奇怪，而且会出现好几种意思，读者会搞不清你到底要表达什么意思。

至于第⑤点，可能比较抽象，而且很多人会觉得这一点会等于没有讲，但是不然，这个是英语跟中文最大的不同之处。

在中文中我们打句号的习惯是指当我一句话的意思说完了，就可以打个句号，但是我发现现在普遍的做法都是逗号一直逗到尾，再在段落最后加上个句号。就是说中文主要靠说话者的意思是否完毕来做一个比较抽象的控制，所以既然是比较抽象的概念，很少会有人在标点符号上做文章，你认为说完了，我还认为没有说完呢。

但是英语与中文最为不同的是对句号的要求非常严格，它不但要求要表达一个完整的意思，而且还需要一个完整的形式。其中主要通过第③点和第⑤点一起来进行控制。

第③点在形式上进行控制

任何情况下，只要是主干句的主语和谓语出现了（取决于五种句型，但是主语+谓语是五种句型的公共部分，每个句子都有主语和谓语），不管你是否加入其它成分，你就必须要打句号，这是形式上的控制。

第⑤点在意思完整上进行控制

大家看看下面几个句子

1）We ate dinner together.

2）After we ate dinner together……

3）As we ate dinner together……

4）That we ate dinner together……

5）When we ate dinner together……

第1）句可以打上一个句号，因为它一个基本的陈述句，有主语和谓语，而且表达了完整的意思，先不说理由，来看后面的句子，第2,3,4,5句都不能打句号，有些人可能就有疑问了，怎么陈述句加了个连词反而不能表达一个完整的意思了呢？不但主谓宾健全，我比第1句还多了个词啊，怎么反而意思不完整呢？

因为英文是这么认为的，在这些情况下，这些加了连词的句子都会使读者留下想象的空间。例如：“在我们一起吃完晚餐之后”或者“在我们一起吃晚餐的时候”，假设这里断句了，读者一般都会接着问，“尼玛到底发生了什么事情啊？”，就是我们中文中所说的只说了半句话，所以说意思不完整，但是如果去掉前面那个单词，意思就变成了，“我们一起吃了晚餐”，那就成了一个简单的陈述句，这个句子就可以不要依附于其它句子，自己就可以独立成句了，可以打上句号了。

因此所谓的复合句是指由一个独立分句加若干个从属分句组成一个“多枝共干”的系统。独立分句自己就是个句子，即我们经常找到的主干句，主干句自身可以不需要其它成分自己就可以独立成句（stand alone），而从句（无法表达完整的意思）、单个的单词或者词组（形式和意思都不完整）均无法独立成句。即，独立分句为树干，其他为树枝，有干即为树，再大的树枝也不能独立称之为树。

An independent clause contains a subject and a predicate; it makes sense by itself and therefore expresses a complete thought.（摘自维基百科英文版）。

如果说英文对句子的控制称之为“形意双合”的话，那么中文的句子就象“太极拳”，太极拳象个不倒翁，随你怎么表达，中心思想不变即可，所以我们经常说“形散神不散”，而英文中认为“形散则神散”，形式往往比意思更加严格，是一个英文句子正确的先决条件。

说到这里，其实很多人就知道为什么一个句子为什么我们要先找主干了，因为绝大部分情况下，英语句子即使再长，它也只有一个主干，且只表达一个完整而主要的意思，这就是我经常开玩笑说很多人看《经济学人》看不大懂，或者考研等考试长句看不懂是因为智商太高了的原因。

正如李笑来老师在《人人都能用英语》一书中讲到的一样，我们很多人都认为只要词汇量上去了，就能将每个英文句子都看懂，但是只是你自己认为自己懂了，因为你理解的意思实际上都是那些零碎的单词含义在自由拼凑，而并未按照英文写作的规则得到真正的含义，这就是为什么很多参加考试的同学总是有这种感觉：

“为什么我文章都看懂了，但是题目就是做不对呢？”

高中毕业之后，就不用再参加语文考试了。于是，很多人开始误以为自己的语言文字能力已经足够好了——殊不知那只不过是不再参加考试所以缺点不会被暴露而已。到了大学，很多人是不再参加语文考试了，可是必须参加英语考试（还是语文，只不过是外语语文），于是就开始遇到让他们极度恼火的尴尬：

为什么这文章全都看懂了，可是题目就是做不对呢？！

我教了许多年的 TOEFL 阅读。刚开始的时候也很奇怪，这些学生怎么可能在看懂文章的前提下做错这么直观的题目呢？我大约花费了两三年时间才彻底弄清楚所谓的“读懂了”其实只不过是这些做错题目的考生的幻觉而已。

这种幻觉是如何产生的呢？我翻阅了很多英语领域之外的文献，最终在心理学文献里找到了答案。

原来，人类的大脑有一种特殊且有强大的功能，叫做“模式识别”（ Patter Recognization）105。比如，我们可以在一张很多人的合影中迅速识别出某个特定的人，即便照片上的那个人可能与现在看起来很不一样（比如比现在年轻 20 岁），这样的时候，我们运用的就是模式识别能力。

人类太依赖这种能力了，乃至于模式识别还有一种模糊处理的变体，叫做“模式拼接”。 当当我们在处理零散信息的时候，会不由自主地将它们按照某种之前曾经遇到过的模式拼接起来——并且还总是以一种我们自以为有意义的模式。

有些时候，我们会下意识地使用这种功能。比如，你躺在床上，盯着天花板发呆。过一会儿，大脑的模式识别功能就开始自动启动了：天花板上原本毫无关联、毫无意义的几个斑点、纹理开始变得“有意义”起来，比如，你好像看到了一张人脸，或者别的图案什么的……

Devil's face in the smoke. A famous photo on 9-11 attack.105 上面一张照片，是美国 2001nm 年 911 恐怖袭击事件发生时现场拍摄的一张照片，后来在互联网上广泛流传。人们在双塔大厦被撞之后的漫天烟雾中看到了一张“栩栩如生”的撒旦面孔。

问题在于，如果一个人在此之前从来没有在任何地方任何时刻见到过撒旦面孔的话，那烟雾的形状再怎么像撒旦或者完全与撒旦一模一样（假设撒旦真的存在的话），此人也无论如何不可能认出来——因为他之前根本就没见过撒旦么！

合理的解释是，人们在此之前在很多地方都见过撒旦的面孔——戏剧、电影、动漫、插画等等，所以在看到原本毫无意义的烟雾形状之时，迅速调用了大脑中曾经存储过得“模式”（ Pattern）

这就解释了为什么那么多做错题目（实际上那些题目非常直观，只要真的读懂了文章，那题目不可能做错）的学生坚信自己读懂了文章。他们实际上根本没有读懂，他们只能读懂文章中的某些部分，而另外一些部分他们读不懂。然而，那些读懂了的部分就好像是天花板上原本无意义的斑点一样，在这些学生不知不觉启动自己的“模式拼接”能力之后，变成了貌似有意义的模式——其实是在调用这些学生过往曾经存储过的某些模式；而这些模式实际上他们正在阅读的文章的真实内容无关，甚至干脆相左。于是，他们“觉得看懂了文章”，实际上看到的却是“另外一个鬼才知道是什么的东西”，在这种情况下怎么可能做对题目？！

比如说下面这个例子，这个例子是我从一本国外语法教材上摘录下来的，主要是讲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句之间区别的问题，我试着把这个问题变成了一个数学题做了一个小测试，投票的人大多为准备考研的学生，有四级没有过的，也有六级600分左右的。下面是具体的问题和投票情况。

假如你只有5个朋友，你举办了一个小聚会，这两句话中哪一句表示这5个朋友都参加了你的聚会并且都上课迟到了，还是两句话都可以表达这个意思，两个句子就只有逗号的区别。

1. All my friends who went to the party were late for class.

2. All my friends, who went to the party, were late for class.

选第一句回复1

选第二句回复2

选第三句回复3

回复的情况如下：总计35人回复

回复1的有18人

回复2的有12人

回复3的有5人

大家也不妨做做这个题目，有兴趣的话可以在评论留下你的答案和理解，过几天我再公布答案。

平常我们在看某些句子的时候根本就没有去考虑那么多，即使是多年的英语学习人士，其实只有在真正将自己看到的文章翻译成中文的时候，才会感觉到其实好多地方自己的理解都是没有到位的，这个在我之前翻译法律文献的时候感触颇深，一字之差，谬以千里。

所以说，往往我们认为自己最熟悉的东西，却往往是自己最生疏的东西，但是这些内容也往往是英语这个结构物的框架和基础，就像牛顿三大定律，看上去非常简单，其实则变幻无穷，却又万变不离其宗。了解了这些看似简单的句法规则，你才能真正看懂旋元佑先生的《文法俱乐部》以及其它英文文献和杂志，并且会让你口语和写作更加有思路。你不会写了下面这些句子而浑然不知。或者只能是大概知道，但是却非常不坚定，自己操作的时候又在凭感觉，这样的话出错的几率会非常大。

看完这本书以后，下面的几本书也值得推荐，虽然是讲写作的，但是你可以在短时间内讲其中的句法部分快速过一遍，对你的促进也是相当大的，因为这些书都属于通俗易懂，且立即可以进行验证的。

另外，The Elements of Style, 旋元佑老师的《文法俱乐部》以及林语堂先生的《开明英文文法》也值得好好看看。但是这些书个人认为还不够简单粗暴或者说还不能达到英语运行规律的根部，如果有机会的话我也可以讲讲我自己对非谓语动词的理解，以及非谓语动词在整个英语语法系统里面的地位。

其实象非谓语动词、情态动词等都属于我们既熟悉也又非常生疏的知识点，我们只对它有一个模糊的概念，却又说不出一个所以然来。限于篇幅，暂时讲这么多，写得比较仓促，排版和逻辑方面肯定还有疏漏，还望大家见谅。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2015年9月3日更新

不掌握这些英文句法规则，你永远不知道自己有多搞笑|大话英文语法（1）

------------------句法规则

导读每一个英文句子只能用两种方式来描述所有的事情，一是“谁做了什么”；二是“什么是什么”，即“who did what”和“what something is”，所以谓语基本就是实意动词表达“谁做了什么”，而be动词表达“什么是什么”。也就是说，英文能够用这两个表达方式能够描述世界上所有的事物。对，就是这么简单。

英文句子跟中文句子有非常大的不同，先看几个中国人写的几个英文句子或者词组：

Traveler from to get into by bus.

The Sichuan’s hair and blood is prosperous.

The male sex toilet.

这些句子或者词组如果有人都看懂了的话，从明天起我就天天喊你师傅，住我附近的我请你吃一个月的早餐，带两个荷包蛋的那种（我在湖南长沙）。

我们再看下面这两张图片：

其实可以看出，我们中文是“会意文字”，而英文是“重形文字”，或者是“形意双合”，所以在写英文句子的时候跟中文有极大的不同，英文对形式的要求几乎到了一种“令人发指”的地步。下面这些最简单也是最重要的规则大家一定要牢记，否则如果你写出笑死人不偿命的英文可不要说我没有提醒你。

一个英文的句子包含了以下几个要素，缺一不可

?1.所有的句子以大写字母开头。

?2.所有句子以句号或者叹号和问号（. ! ?）结尾（有时用分号）。

?3.句子中的单词遵循一套标准的顺序。这点是中文和英文差异非常大的地方之一，学英语的人最容易忽视但是恰恰是中式英语的重灾区，各位看到图片时不要笑得花枝乱颤，真要自己写，有些时候搞笑的效果也很不错，而且你自己还不知道自己在搞笑。

即使大家不会犯上面那些笑死人不偿命的错误，大家可能经常会犯这种。

?4.一个句子至少有一个主干分句（main clause或者independent clause），也就是说所有的句子至少包含一个主语（subject）和一个谓语（predicate），如果没有是因为省略了。

?5.一个句子表达一个完整的意思，make complete statement 或者express a complete thought。

那么问题来了，完整的意思是怎么去控制的？在我们中文中经常讲“一句话说完了”就打句号，问题是你认为我说完了，但是我觉得还没有说完呢。这样就导致我们认为“一句话说完了”这个事情是很主观的东西，所以我们平常写中文的时候，我们很少会纠结中文的标点符号。难道英文中也一样吗，英文在这点上就做得比较聪明。

英文从形式上和意思上通过标点符号对句子进行控制

?I.从形式上而言，主句（独立分句）的主语（SUBJECT）和谓语（PREDICATE）一出现，这句话就要以句号结尾（或上文第2点中的那些标点符号）。也就是我们常说的简单句。

?II.从意思上而言，一个句子表达一个完整的意思，这点要从两方面来分析。

①首先是一个完整的意思，不是两个。怎么知道是两个，最明显的一点，是有“两套主语+谓语”，修改的方式有两种：

1、每句都加上句号，逗号不能承担连接两个独立句子的功能。

2、加上并列连词或者逗号和并列连词，连接两个并列的独立分句。

但是也有一些比较特殊的情况，当句子非常短时，有的时候也有逗号隔开独立句，如凯撒的名言，但是这种情况非常少，但是大家也要知道，因为尤其是在报纸标题或者标语上经常会碰到这种情况。

②完整的意思到底意味着什么？

有人会说，难道从句不会表达一个完整的意思吗，从句也有主语、谓语啊，主干句有的从句都有了，不但都有，甚至还有多的，如连词、引导词和关系词等，我看意思还蛮完整的啊，句子该有的成分都有了，干吗我非得就叫从句（subordinate clause或dependent clause），就不能做independent clause呢？如：

After we ate dinner together……

As we ate dinner together……

That we ate dinner together……

When we ate dinner together……

这些句子确实看上去似乎都满足了一个独立分句的要求，如果去掉前面的第一个单词，这些句子都能够独立成句。

不过，在英文中认为这种句子有一个方面是没有满足独立要求的，就是这些句子“没有表达出一个完整的意思”。为什么这么说，因为一般情况下，这些句子都会使读者留下想象的空间。

例如：“在我们一起吃完晚餐之后”或者“在我们一起吃晚餐的时候”，假设这里断句了，读者一般都会接着问，“尼玛到底发生了什么事情啊？”，就是我们中文中所说的只说了半句话，所以说意思不完整，会跟你留下想象的空间。

但是如果去掉前面那个单词，意思就变成了，“我们一起吃了晚餐”，那就成了一个简单的陈述句，这个句子就是可以不要依附于其它句子，自己就可以独立成句了。

也就是说，就是因为前面有从属连词（subordinator）或者引导词情况下，使一个本来能够独立成句的句子成为了从句。

这个句子还没有写完，而且你暂时还不能用句号，直到有独立分句的出现。

所以正因为如此，有些我们比较“熟悉”的语法知识点就很容易解释了。

比如：一个句子用了although，就不能用but；或者用了but，就不能用although，就是说两个只能用一个，不能象中文一样说“虽然……但是……”比如说下面的例句：

×: Although I enjoyed my stay in the USA, but I was still glad to come home.

√: Although I enjoyed my stay in the USA, I was still glad to come home.

√: I enjoyed my stay in the USA, but I was still glad to come home.

其实下面的情况比如“因为……所以”和“如果……那么……”也是一样的：

×: Since it's his birthday on Monday, so he's having a party.

√: Since it's his birthday on Monday, he's having a party.

√: It's his birthday on Monday, so he's having a party.

×: If you're a naughty boy, so the big crocodile will come and eat you.

√: If you're a naughty boy, the big crocodile will come and eat you.

道理很简单，一个连词连接两个句子，刚刚好。就像下面的合页，一根轴，两片叶片，妥妥滴。

上面都是一些大家熟悉的状语从句的例子，其实定语从句和名词性从句也是同样的道理，以后再展开。

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编辑于 2016-01-06?

13 条评论?

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覃超?

，曾经沧海难为水，Facebook工程师

Yining、?Hasuran Li、?护士衫下?等?890?人赞同

说几个后来在美国留学和工作中逐渐积累起来的要点，中国课堂没有强调的，但是老美用得较多。

1. 请求帮助，或者要干嘛一般用问句。不然会显得比较rude。

比如要别人帮一下，或者吃饭点餐，或者让别人过来和你开会说话一下，要使用问句，不然比较无礼。比如：

Could you please come over here?

Can I get a co*ke (orange juice)? (飞机上)

May I have a Big Mac meal?

Do you mind doing xxx?

Could you do me a favor, xxx?

而不是我们习惯的：

I want to order a Big Mac meal.

2. 老美经常使用 like

It's like a pretty nice day.

I was like, kind of loving this project, but you know that there could always a tough time.

但是对于我们国人我推荐大家少用。和you know一样，这种没太多含义的习惯语，对于我们老外还是别说，说得越多越奇怪。（有一次电话面试一个老中，每两三句话他就来你个 you know，醉了。但是毕竟是同胞，我让过！）

3. 说一些琐碎的：

a. 一个简单的左边右边：一般不说 left side or right side，习惯用 left hand side 和 right hand side?

b. 堂食还是打包？

For here or to go? 或者 Here or to go?

4. 老美的 a 发 ei 的音：

不如 a good experience , a piece of cake.

5. 当别人回你邮件很快，我一般学老美写说一句：thanks for your prompt reply

对应地，邮件要人做个事情，但是有不想显得很催促别人，可以说： at your earliest convenience.

比如说：

Hi, Zuck:

Thanks for your prompt reply. Your suggestion helps me a lot. Really appreciate it. But seems like I still have a few more questions regarding the message sending lib. If you could come over to my desk at your earliest convenience,that'd be awesome!

Again, thanks a ton!

6. 想到其他的马上补充。

编辑于 2015-08-03?

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，公众号: 言语炼金术 (ID: worldis42)

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与其说是语法生疏，倒不如说是大部分中国学生没有建立起一个科学的英文文本的阅读习惯。作为一个大学四年都在组内给其他组员做proofreading的人，我喜欢从找错中去锻炼自己的语法能力，错误挑得多了，包括前面答案里提到的独立主格、虚拟语气还有各类名词性从句之类的句法结构，都能做到一眼击破。

在这里主要科普一种比较少见的错句类型，叫 Garden Path Sentence, 花园小径句。这个概念是从我某门写作选修课的tutor口中得知的，看过博尔赫斯那篇

?The Garden of Forking Paths?

的应该对「花园小径」几个字很熟悉：）

先看一个简单的英文句子：

He killed the enemy with a sword.

这是一个典型的歧义句，因为此处的 with the sword 既可以作方式状语修饰killed, 又可以作定语修饰 the enemy, 所以这个句子可以有两种理解：

1）他用剑杀死了那个敌人。（作方式状语）

2）他杀死了那个带剑的敌人。（作修饰定语）

再看一例歧义句：

Yuxin washed and brushed her hair.

由于wash既可以当及物动词又可以当不及物动词来用，所以这个句子可以有两个理解：

1）Yuxin washed her hair and brushed it as well.(wash 当及物动词用，表洗头)

2） Yuxin had a bath and then brushed her hair.（wash当不及物动词用，表洗澡）

由以上例句可知，通常概念上的歧义句是指一个句子可以有两种或两种以上不同理解，然而花园小径句跟传统歧义句不同，它是一种由于读者的阅读偏差造成的局部歧义，这类句子只有一个理解。lead sb down the garden path（alternative form:lead sb up the garden path,二者通用） 是一句英语俗语，指的是把某人引入歧途。当读者最初读到一个句子时，会下意识对最先接触到的词组做一个结构判断，从而对这个句子形成错误理解，等到继续往下读，会发现原来的理解行不通，于是读者会重新审视中词汇的意义和句式结构，找到唯一正确的那种理解方式。但有时读者因为能力所限，无法从迷局的幽深中突围而出，这时我们就会说：他们被引到花园小径中去了（They were led down the garden path）.

花园小径句有以下那么几类：

1）第一类花园小径句由过去分词和一般过去时在形式上的相同造成，如:?

The horse raced past the barn fell.

在这个句子中，我们习惯于将前半部分 The horse raced past the barn 按照 NP+VP+PP 的语法结构去理解句子。

NP(noun phrase,名词短语)： 对应句中的 the horse

VP(verb phrase,动词短语):对应句中的raced

PP(prepositional verb,介词短语)：对应句中的past the barn

然而当看到动词fell时,读者才会意识到理解上的失误,因为整个句子多出来一个动词，此时只好折回来对整个句子重新进行分析处理（ the reader is forced to backtrack and look for other possible structures）,这才发现 raced 并非一个 动词, 而是一个被动语态的过去分词（a passive participle）, 整个句子其实是： The horse fell, fell 才是整个句子的动词，中间那一串都只是修饰语来修饰那匹马。

整个句子还原回来是一个缩减了的定语从句: The horse（ that was raced past the barn） fell .

大家可以尝试用同样的方法再分析一下:

The girl told the stories cried.

还原回来就是： The girl (who was told the stories ) cried.

2) 第二类花园小径句主要由英语中的一词多义现象造成，比如：

Fat people eat accumulates.

Fat 可以是形容词，肥胖的，也可以是名词，脂肪。如果用第一种来解释，肯定会误入花园小径。所以应该是fat 作为句子的主语，people eat 作为定语来修饰fat, accumulates 是整个句子的主动词。整个句子还原回来是：

Fat (that people eat) accumulates.

人们吃的脂肪会堆积。

或者可以换一种更加清楚的表述：?

Fat that people eat will accumulate in people's body.

大家可以尝试用同样的方法再来分析一下：

The old man the boat.

提示：man 可以当动词用，是 操纵 的意思。

3）第三类花园小径句由 宾语从句引导词的省略造成，如:?

She told me a little white lie will come back to haunt me．

我们第一眼看到这个句子时会倾向于将She told me a little white lie这个主谓宾结构当成一个整体，然后才发现后面的 will come back to haunt me缺失了主语，从而误入花园小径。实际上这是一个省略了that的宾语从句，还原回来是：

She told me that a little white lie will come back to haunt me．

她告诉过我 一个善意的小谎言将会倒回来缠着我（这里的语境可能是，那些撒下善意谎言的人将会更加受折磨）。

这里需要注意，在宾语从句中，第一个that可省，第二个that不可省。

大家可以尝试用同样的方法再来分析一下：

I convinced her children are noisy．

其余的想到再补充。

参考资料:

1）Youtube 上 Oxford University 的一个教你how to process garden path sentence 的tutorial：

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdS4vB5pSvw

2）Wikipedia:?

Garden path sentence

编辑于 2015-07-21?

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，知乎首席热干面代言人. #keep hustlin' #…

538?人赞同

作为

我们村某学生宿舍三楼单人间的颜值担当?兼?

知乎首席热干面代言人兼?

斯蒂芬·库里的脑残粉，我一直致力于在知乎分享干货，这次也不例外。如果你觉得答案对你有帮助，请不要只默默收藏，顺便赞一个吧谢谢！

@倒装句

1. 倒装情况1:否定状语前置（Inversions after negative adverbials）

Teachers are?

not?responsible for mistakes made by their students?

in any way.

In no way?are teachers responsible for the mistakes made by their students.

老师在任何情况下都不应当为学生的过错承担责任。

We?

cannot?ignore the significance of education?

on any account.?

On no account?can we ignore the significance of education.?

教育的意义不容忽视。

People should?

not?be forced to vote in an election?

under any circ*mstances.?

Under no circ*mstances?should people be forced to vote in an election.

人们无论如何都不应当在选举中被强制要求投票。

The government has done?

little?to stop air pollution from getting worse.?

Little?has the government done to stop air pollution from getting worse.

政府没有对控制空气污染做出什么改变。

2. 倒装情况2: 条件句的倒装（Conditionals with inversions）

If?people?

had?been more aware of the issue, the situation would have been much better.?

Had?people been more aware of the issue, the situation would have been much better.?

如果人们对这个问题多一点认识，情况会好很多。

3. 倒装情况3: Only/so引导的倒装

懒得编句子了。。。 来一个摘抄的，纽约时报文章

http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/25/nyregion/young-life-crisis-they-burned-early-fast-track-now-they-re-choosing-different.html?pagewanted=all

Some young professionals insist that they can?

only?catch their breath and find some perspective?

byleaving.

Some young professionals insist that?

only by?leaving can they catch their breath and find some perspective.?

一些刚步入职场的年轻人表示只有离开才能让他们有机会休息一下，找找新的感悟/灵感。

Advertisem*nt are?

so?pervasive?

that?no one can avoid being influenced by them.

So?pervasive are advertisem*nt?

that?no one can avoid being influenced by them.

广告如此盛行，每个人都难免不受到影响。?

＊注意：这些装B神器杀伤力

巨大，不可滥用，例如一个雅思/托福/SAT/GRE/培生作文里面出现2-3次足矣！

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

最最生疏的，往往是最最熟悉的。

如果我说我今天要讲的是一个三个字母的单词，很多人也许看到的第一瞬间都会对它嗤之以鼻。

GET.?

“哥，你逗我呢？get我tm小学三年级就不用了。”

“所以你英语还没小学三年级的外国小朋友说的溜。” （纵使你的词汇量和语法可以完虐他/她）

－－－－－－－－－－－－－我是性感的分割线－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

1. 让别人做某件事情

“我明天要去修车”用英语怎么说？

如果你的第一反应是：

I'm going to fix my car tomorrow.?

它的意思其实是 “我明天自己要当个修车工亲手把车给修了。”

而你真正想要表达的“我要去修车／我要去把车修了（让别人修）”

I'm going to?get/have my car fixed?tomorrow.

类似的：

我们要新装一个电话系统了（别人来装）

We're?getting?a new telephone system?installed.?

而不是 We're installing a new telephone system!

2.?

使，让?（cause something to happen）

Sorry to keep you waiting. We’re just?getting the bill ready?for you now.

Can you help me?get this printer working?

They?got me to?talk to the police.

3. 口语中的被动语态，通常都是不好的事情 (这是一个

非常有用的句式)?

他的钱全

被偷啦！

Somebody stole all of his money. (grammatically correct)

All of his money was stolen. (grammatically correct)

He?had?all of his money?stolen.

类似的:

The train?got delayed?for 2 hours due to some mechanical breakdown.?We?had?our car?damaged?by a falling tree.I?got?my nose?broken?playing rugby.Damn, I?got?a piece of chicken?thrown?at me once when I was doing a stand-up comedy.

其他很常用的get passive?

got stolen 被偷了

got damaged/broken 被弄坏了

got criticised 被批评了

got sacked 被解雇了

4. 表示变化 （become)?

天就要黑了

It's?getting?dark.?

希望她快快好起来。

Let's hope she?gets?well soon.?

我听你屁话够了！！！

I'm?getting?tired of all your nonsense.?

灶台凉之前别碰！

Don't touch the stove until it?gets?cool.

5. 最常见的用法 (得到，搞到，获得，收到，买到，挣得，赢的）

Can you?get me an ice-cream?能帮我搞到/拿/买个雪糕吗？

Can I?get you a drink? 能请你喝杯酒吗？

Let go?get some food/breakfast. 走搞点吃的去。

Where did you?get that sh*t?from?! 哪儿搞到的干货？！

He managed to?get a job?within one week after graduation. 他毕业一周后就找到了工作。

I?got an F?for my final! FML! 卧槽 我期末考了了F!!!

It's raining outside. I need to?get the washing in. 下雨啦，我要去把衣服取回来。

You?got?my respect dude. 你赢得了我的尊重！

I?got?all these books for under 200 bucks. 我一共花了200块买了这些书。

（门铃响了）Can you?get?the door? 你去开下门。

6. 有机会

I never?get to?experience the fun I used to. 再也没机会体验原来那种快乐了。

7. 明白

I don't get it.?

Do you get it? You get it?

还有很多get的用法和短语，陆续再补充，也欢迎知友们补充。

－－－－－－－－－－－－－我是性感的分割线－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

吐糟几句，知乎认真分享干货的人很多时候只收到默默的收藏。而随便爆照，或者大V抖个机灵收到成吨的赞。这个风气不好，每个看完干货默默收藏的知友都一定程度上对知乎的逐渐没落做出了贡献。所以你还犹豫什么，

赞他吖的啊！不然最后损失的是我们

每一个人。

夜太美尽管再危险 总有人黑着眼眶写干货。?

分享干货太累。不然我以后也转型爆照吧。

以上。

英语有哪些特别的表达方式是汉语中不常见的？ - bruh 的回答

有哪些高级的英语表达技巧，让人一听就感觉很地道？ - bruh 的回答

怎样更好的利用英文原版杂志提高英文写作水平？ - bruh 的回答

编辑于 2016-04-11?

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谢谢邀请。

我承认，语法是非常优美的学问。但，我不晓得为什么，每年都有几个中国学生抵死要读英文文学，为之奇计迭出，乃至寄一大批“求情信”给我及主任及权势者。

大趋势是，他们的英文很生硬，华语也不文雅，罕有好苗子。我给出的建议是教他们先研究翻译学、语言学，系统化了解句子的结构、目的与成分，打好底子，别想投机取巧背“范文”。

举例而言，较之本地学生，中国学生有更大的语言优势，应非常容易理解“英文重形合(hypotaxis)，华文重意合(parataxis)”。

所谓“华文重意合”，指的是华语句子靠内在逻辑与因果关系连接，而非借助语法手段。譬如，“我吃了饭，泡了澡，悠哉游哉地写稿。” 这句话没有用到连词，意思与顺序却很清楚。英文就不行，必须用conjunction的“and, then”等，来表示时间顺序。所以说，华文就仿佛竹子一样，有理有节，从容不迫。

所谓“形合”，指的是句子靠语法连接，不注重字句之间内在的关系。我举个网上搜来的例子：

“The isolation of the rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities, is compounded by the paucity of the information media.”

这是一个比较典型的英语句子。看起来似乎很长，实际上是一个简单句，只有一个主语(subject)，一个谓语(predicate)。全句共有九个名词(包括抽象名词和具体名词)，用五个介词连接起来，而动词只有一个。

句中主语是：The isolation of the rural world，谓语是is compounded。句子指出，“农村社会处于一种与外界社会隔绝的状态”，然后用介词短语说出原因：离开城市远，缺乏交通工具，通讯工具不足。

如果给学生组织一句英语句子，那就多半译成下面这个样子：

Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities, the rural world is isolated. This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media.

这样一个英语句子，其结构显得过于松散了，变成汉式英语，而不是典型地道的英语句子了。

（

第五章 中英语言文化对比?上海金融学院）

就好像葡萄一样。枝干单一、简单，全靠语法娴熟巧妙，结出一粒粒子实。

明白么？你再背一本莎士比亚，不通理论仍是不通理论，没有用处的。

另外，诸如英文的名词主导性（Nominalisation), 华文的动词主导性，你们不学熟了，怎么能步入更高的层次呢？同样的英文句子，“He failed in this exam, so he felt disheartened", 换成“His failure in the exam made him disheartened”，或者“You can rectify the fault if you insert a wedge"换成"Rectification of this fault can be achieved by inserting a wedge." 就比你们高到不知哪里去了。

投机取巧，对切实做学问的人而言，是百害无一利的。

英文的学习，就与其他任何学问一样，是酿酒的过程。

越醇厚，越精巧，越舒服。

---

@richard zou

方法不一。另外，你的句子不凝实，很飘忽。

这也是中国学生不太熟悉的一种语言方法，或者说，常见的问题。本地学生却能熟练运用。

手机打字辛苦，评论讲不清楚，我在这里补充。

你讲武侠，我就举个武侠的例子好了。

这八句一念，孙刚峰和陈禹面面相觑，说不出话来。原来这八句诗不像诗、歌不像歌的话，正是太极门中的“乱环诀”。

陈禹幼时也依稀听父亲说起过，只是全然不懂其中奥妙，万想不到赵半山真能原原本本地念给自己听。他把心一横，生死置之度外，道：“其中含义，还请赵三爷指点。”赵半山道：“

本门太极功夫，出手招招成环。所谓乱环，便是说拳招虽有定型，变化却存乎其人。手法虽均成环，却有高低、进退、出入、攻守之别。

圈有大圈、小圈、平圈、立圈、斜圈、正圈、有形圈及无形圈之分。临敌之际，须得以大克小、以斜克正、以无形克有形，每一招发出，

均须暗蓄环劲。”

假设每个词都是一个“小环”，都有它的

“核心涵义”(Main idea)。那么，这个词便是自洽的，也是

凝实的。它的目的是组成“

思想

统一”的句子。

进推一步，每个句子也该是“中环”，有它的

“核心涵义”(Main idea)，是由许多“小环”构成的。它的目的是组成“

思想统一”的段落。

再推一步，每个段落便该是“大环”，有它的

“核心涵义”(Main idea)，是由许多“中环”构成的。它的目的是表达一个“

自洽、言之有物的思想/观念”。

很多段落聚在一起，组成一篇文章，这篇文章便也是“环”了。以三个段落为例，每个段落自我完善，提供文章核心思想的一面，这篇文章的思想就是

凝实的。

所谓“华文重意合”，指的是华语句子靠内在逻辑与因果关系连接，而非借助语法手段。-->点出这一段的“环”心，能自己成立。

譬如，“我吃了饭，泡了澡，悠哉游哉地写稿。” 这句话没有用到连词，意思与顺序却很清楚。-->举例+阐述观念，能自己成立。

英文就不行，必须用conjunction的“and, then”等，来表示时间顺序。-->对比，能自己成立。

所以说，华文就仿佛竹子一样，有理有节，从容不迫。-->总结，能自己成立。

这一段就能

自洽，且没有明显的语法错误，哪怕脱离文章，也能有意义。这就叫“言之有物”。

某日郭靖词汇量突破三万，心里别提多高兴了，有点洋洋得意。

（绵软无力，重复拖沓，删去“高兴“句）

问师傅风清扬，世界上谁的词汇量最大？（

主语呢？）

师傅抬头望着天空，悠然地说道:“祖师爷独孤求败，当年他曾先后挫败东方不败和西方词典王。”

“那他的词汇量究竟有多少？”郭靖急切地问道。

师傅慢慢地伸出手指，作出二和六数字状。（

语法）

“26万吗？”

不是。（

标点符号）

那是多少？（

标点符号）

二十六个字母的排列组合。（

标点符号；语法）

他老人家乃不世出的高人，悟出了造字智慧。（

语法；标点符号）

穷尽各种变化，然后万法归宗，大道至简。”（

语法；文化；标点符号；句子结构）

郭靖心驰神往了……（

语法）

你自己研究一下。

编辑于 2015-07-30?

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有些东西看着可能简单，但是想一想，自己能不能说出来、写出来呢？

1. 非正式场合可以视情况不用完整句子

不一定每句话都要有主谓，口语里经常有省略的情况，但也不是让你一个个单词往外蹦。比如?

I b

een working?on this literally all day! 这种句子省略了 have，有时甚至把主语 I 和那个 been 也省略掉，口语里都没什么关系，只是千万不要用在书面语。普通中国学生偏爱说语法正确的完整句子，有时候总是说完整句子给人一种很严肃的感觉。

2. 多用情态动词

这个比较老生常谈了。很多时候情态动词可以起到缓和语气的作用。比如去餐厅点东西说?

Can?I/we have ... 或者 I?

would?like ... 就比直接 I want ... 好得多。还有邮件常用句式 I was wondering if you

could...、I?

would?appreciate it if you?

could...

但是，情态动词也要用对，比如 can 一般是表示能力：Can you swim? 如果你要去洗手间最好就不要说 Can I go to the restroom/bathroom? 这种时候用 may 表示请求许可比较合适。

3. 使用适当的动词搭配（书面语中少用万能动词）

有专门的动词就去用，不要总用万能动词。万能动词就是 do, make 之类的词，老用这些显得你词汇贫乏（正确搭配本来就是万能动词除外，如 do drugs），不过好像事实上普通中国学生也的确词汇贫乏。。。比如我们在书面语中说金属失去了光泽、生锈，可以用 The metal?

tarnished. 而避免用 The metal?

became less bright. 电脑死机了可以用 My computer's?

frozen. 而避免用 My computer

stopped responding.（请类比中文「我电脑死机了」和「我电脑怎么点都没反应」，明明有专门的词却要绕圈说显得很低级）。相反，在口语里可能就不需要用词用得这么细，小词用得更多，但同样要注意适当的动词搭配 —— 你总不能 suck (xi) drugs (du) 吧。

4. 非谓语动词/独立主格/分词短语不要乱用

虽然这些结构用好了可以很优美，但是用不好真的很难看、很拗口。比如林语堂在《英文学习法》里就提到了一个错误示范：

Reading in the room, I was sitting in the armchair.

这个句子语法虽然没问题，问题是，谁会这么说话呢？同样的例子还有很多，从网上随便找两个：

I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.

It being Sunday, the bank was closed.

知乎上还有一个现成的：

请教一个分词作状语的问题？ - 英语

注意比较问题里给的句子和楼下 @金伟榕 的答案里改过的句子。

再看看母语者的用法：

I began to walk about the room, examining various indefinite objects in the half darkness.

Living on the most active body in the solar system, we must always keep in our mind that we exist and thrive only by geological accident.

The government of Trois-Rivières is one of the three administrative divisions of Canada until 1764, the other two being the Government of Québec and Government of Montreal.

这都是很自然的用法，不是为了语法刻意编出来的、没人说的用法。

下边我都拿英文原文来举例子了，你们感受一下母语者使用的语言。

5. 介词 + which 的定语从句

On the other hand, a fervent eschatologist would undoubtedly contest this, launching into an enthusiastic account of the many alternative and imaginative ways?

in which?our world and our race might meet its end sooner,?

of which?disease, warfare, natural catastrophe, and exotic physics experiments gone wrong are but a selection.

6. 插入语的位置

The big question is,?

however, how long will this continue to be the case?

It was lonely for a day or so until one morning some man,?

more recently arrived than I, stopped me on the road.（插入语作定语）

Neither will I address -?

barring global warming?- attempts by some of the human race to reduce its numbers through nuclear, biological, or chemical warfare.

The main thrust of this book will address global geophysical events that have the potential to deal our race and our technological society a severe,?

if not lethal, blow.

7. 介词短语前置/宾语后置

Some of these events may bring?

to an end?the world as we know it.

Her sharp, aggressive tone set?

in motion?the events that led to her downfall.

8. 人名放主句，代词放从句

When he's not covering news in the area, Tom enjoys checking out the newest restaurants and bars.

对比

When Tom's not covering news in the area, he enjoys checking out the newest restaurants and bars.

2015/8/18 补充：

9. 礼貌用语

上面第 2 点谈到过类似的东西。除了情态动词以外，还有一些情况下，某些说法被约定俗成地认为是礼貌的，换成同义的其他说法可能就不礼貌了。如：

请别人坐下，要说 Have a seat. / Take a seat. 说 Sit down please 就算有 please 听起来也不是很好，比较像上级对下级的命令。

请别人进门，要说 Come on in. 类似于「快进来吧」。说 Come in please 一样有种上级对下级命令的感觉，或者是你跟那个人不熟。

问别人是否听明白了，要说 Does it make sense? / Am I making sense? 而不要说 Understood? /

Understand?（无数中国英语老师上课最爱的用语）。因为前者暗含着「如果你不明白，那是我的话没说清楚」的意思 *，后者则是「懂？不懂是你的问题」。当然，后者还是可以用在上级对下级的时候。这一点是初中英语老师告诉我们的，我很感激能遇到这么好的老师。

* 说到这我想到《出师表》最后诸葛亮说自己「不知所云」也是指自己话说不清楚（而不是刘禅看不懂），汉语真是博大精深（误）。

编辑于 2015-10-01?

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魏剑峰?

，个人微信：the_great_ennis

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写几个比较常见的用词错误吧：

1.On the one hand, ...On the other hand,... 之间是对比关系，它们的意思是“（从）另一方面（来说）”，并不是表示“另外”的意思。不要把这一对词组后面跟的两个句子写成都是支持或反对某个观点。剑桥词典对此的解释是"used when you are comparing?

two different facts or two opposite?ways of thinking about a situation ", 比如可以这样说：

"On the one hand, expansion would be good, but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere."

2. In a word

很多人喜欢把它放在句子开头当成“总而言之”的意思，当要注意的是它后面只能跟一个单词，而不能跟一个句子(used to indicate that you are saying something by using only one word or by using as few words as possible)

来个例句："Do you like her?" "In a word,no"

3.benefit?

这个词被用错的概率也很高，benefit from 前面的主语一般是人或机构，即“从…中获益”，如"Many patients have benefited from the new treatment."

如果要表示某事物“对…有益”，则可以把benefit作为及物动词，后面接宾语，这个时候就不能加from 了。比如"They are working together to benefit the whole country."

4.lack

lack 作动词时是及物动词，后面不能跟介词，比如正确的句子是"

Our town lacks a good shopping center."而不是"Our town lacks of a good shopping center."

当lack作名词时后面的介词则必须跟of,比如"Lack of sleep had made him irritable."

5. be concerned about/be concerned with

两个词组的意思不一样，be concerned about 是“关注...”的意思，而 be concerned with则是“关于...”的意思

6.arguably

arguably并不是表示“容易引起争议的”，而是表示“合理地，站得住脚的”(used when giving your opinion to say that there are good reasons why something might be true)

比如 " He is arguably the best writer of his generation.[=He may well be the best writer of his generation]"

7.Every coin has two sides

很多同学在作文中喜欢用上这个句子来表达“任何事情都有两面性”的意思，这个说法其实有中式英语之嫌，地道一点的说法可以用"There are two sides to every coin ". 最好的说法其实是用 "

There are two sides to every story". 下次写作文的时候不妨试试看。

想到了继续补充...

编辑于 2015-07-29?

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何阿齿

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更新：

评论里面有人反映这个是部分地区的高中考点，如此一来倒是我井底之蛙了哈哈哈哈，因为我大学才接触到的时候，真的很惊奇_(:з」∠)_不过我也可以确信在中国许多地方这并不是“基础得不能再基础的知识”，如果我的答案能稍微刷新你的三观，也就不算白打字了。

另外，大致翻了其他人的回答，我也觉得都是比较基础的高中语法，包括虚拟语气，独立主格，there be的用法等等，高中英语教育其实已经基本涵盖了学习英语所需要的语法了，大多数中国学生最生疏的地方不是能不能读懂，而是能不能用对。

所以学了那么多语法，输入到了一定程度，一定要输出才能有所提升。一起加油吧：）

………………………………………………………………………………………………

作为一只英专狗，低年级阅读课讲语法时并没有碰到太颠倒三观的用法，直到我遇上了，部！分！否！定！

例句:

‘Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, ’ he told me, 'just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had. ' （The Great Gatsby）

每逢你想要批评任何人的时候，你就记住，这世界上所有的人，并不是个个都有过你那些优越条件。

看似完全否定，实际上是部分否定。

那如果要表达这世上所有的人都没有过你那些优越条件呢？

直接None of the people in this world has had the advantages that you've had.

编辑于 2015-07-30?

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Mengfei Wang?

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我放个大招：悬垂结构（估计很多人连听都没听过）

悬垂结构_百度百科

一般来讲，分词或分词短语在句子中充当状语时，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，如：Opening the drawer he took out a revolver．其中opening的逻辑主语是句子主语he。当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，则应将分词的逻辑主语补出来，如：George yawning，the conversation dropped．这种分词结构被称作独立主格结构。

但有时我们遇到这种情况：分词的主语既不与句子主语一致，分词本身又非独立主格结构，如：

Going up the hill，the statue of Lincoln struck my eye．在登上山的当儿，林肯的雕像十分引我注目。

Tired but happy，the bus whisked us home．我们虽然疲乏，但很高兴，公共汽车飞快地把我们送到了家。

这种分词在语法上被称作垂悬分词（dangling participle），也叫无依着分词。垂悬分词从起源上来说，是语言的错误使用（performance error），即将分词的主语与句子的主语错误联系，从而产生垂悬分词，所以有人又叫它错关联分词（misrelated participle）。

垂悬分词通常出现在句子开头或接近开头的位置，与句子中的其它成分不产生必要的句法关系，特别是它与句子主语无逻辑关系。鉴于这种特点，垂悬分词别名为：独立分词（absolute participle）或孤立分词（isolated participle）。

总之，垂悬分词与一般分词不一样，是一种超常规的语言现象，但其用途与形式相对固定，应引起我们足够的重视。正因为垂悬分词的使用场合及数量相对有限，英语学习者一方面要学会理解并掌握这一超常语言现象，另一方面切记不要将其它一般分词（遵循主谓一致原则）模仿垂悬分词使用，因为毕竟垂悬分词的产生源于错误联系，违反了主谓一致原则。

发布于 2015-07-29?

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冯玉超?

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昨天在天津大学开会，一个国内top5高校的计算机年轻教授在传授大家如何写高质量的英文论文中，有句话是这么写的:Be caution about bla bla。很显然，正确的写法是be cautious about.

名校教授尚且如此，何况中国学生？

我以前会不自主地纠正别人的语法，反倒被别人嘲笑认真。后来，我发现，即使发表英文论文如麻的计算机博士，即使英语六级接近六百分的文科生，他们对英语语法都是程式化地使用，而且错误很多。

大体来讲，中国人并不注重语法的学习，而更注重词汇的积累和语感的培养，这是因为这会让她们得到更多的分。但是她们的这些知识落实到表达，无论是口头上还是书面上，都会错误百出。

比如，她们经常弄错时态，即使最简单的一般过去时都会出错，更别说更难的过去完成时和将来进行时了。

她们经常不能准确做到主语与谓语的单复数形式的统一。更不了解同位语从句和定语从句的区别，她们对形容词和副词所扮演的角色模糊。她们更不明白主补和状语的区别在哪儿。

她们喜欢堆砌她们自以为熟悉的词汇，不在乎是否合乎规则，更不在乎有无美感。

是的，作为一个工科男生，我对这种现象深感不满。

编辑于 2015-07-18?

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-----------------------------------------------------更新在下面-------------------------------------------------------------

原答案:

说的是普通中国学生，那么就说点在高中和大学经常看到的。

1. 冠词乱用。

举个例子以前在XX语法书上经常看到这么一句话，专有名词前一般不加冠词，但在某些特例中：xxx一堆特例。

那么，America不加冠词，the United States要加冠词，the United States是特例要背吗？

Nein!

其实很简单，《英语魔法师之语法俱乐部》这本书上对这个问题有很好的解释，这个问题其实是可以很轻松地理解的。

2.句子之间用逗号连到头。

一个英文简单句只能有一个主谓结构，要是有多个简单句请用连接词或者在句子间加句号:

比如I'm not like them, I can pretend.是不对的，改成I'm not like them. I can pretend. 或者I'm not like them, but I can pretend.就可以了。

3.这个不能算语法错误，不过英文习惯是在逗号之后加一个空格。很多人不注意这个细节，感觉怪怪的。

栗子：If we loved again, I swear I'd love you right.中间逗号后加个空格。

4.另外还有一个，不及物动词没有被动语态，很多人知道这条，但是文章写着写着就出现了这个问题。

栗子：Crime rates would be declined if more people were able to get education.

decline表达降低意思的时候是不及物动词，不能用被动。

----------------------------------------------------7.18更新-----------------------------------------------------------

谢谢大家的赞~

首先回答评论中?

@梦想家?的提问:

为什么专有名词America不用定冠词, 而the United States需要定冠词.

首先明确专有名词所代表的对象只有一个, 不适合用冠词修饰. //a(n)是one的弱化, the是that或those的弱化, 如果修饰了就表明不唯一了.

但是专有名词的判断并不容易, 像下面的例子:?

This is a photography show of the Helsinki 50 years ago.

在这里面Helsinki就不是专有名词了. (一个是50年前的赫尔辛基, 一个是现在的赫尔辛基)

再说America和the United States.

America是专有名词, 不加冠词.

至于the United (States)注意这个名词短语我们可以看成三部分:处于限定词位置的the, 处于形容词位置的United和处于名词位置的States. 注意到处在名词位置上的是States, 也就是州, 邦的意思,州有很多啊, 所以这并不是专有名词. 所以说要特指那个United的States, 就要用上定冠词the. i.e.?

the是与非专有名词States配合的.类似的例子有:

the Pacific (Ocean)

the Mediterranean (Sea)

the Titanic (Ship)

以上内容都在《英语魔法师之语法俱乐部》这本书里有, 别看这书名字萌萌哒, 内容真心很棒.

豆瓣传送门:

英语魔法师之语法俱乐部 (豆瓣)

另外之前例句中I'm not like them, but I can pretend.中需要一个逗号, 谢谢?

@Jerry Meng指出.

查了一下:

Grammarly Handbook

A comma should be placed before the word?but?only if?but?is at the beginning of an independent clause.

I would go for a walk, but for the rain.

In this sentence,?but?is being used to mean?except. Because?but?isn’t starting an independent clause, the comma isn’t required.

The dog is young, but well-trained.

Grammar is boring, but necessary.

I would go for a walk, but it’s raining outside.

Because it’s at the beginning of an independent clause, the comma before but is necessary.

The dog is young, but he’s well-trained.

在but是在一个独立的子句之前时是需要逗号的.我再更点别的吧:说到《英语魔法师之语法俱乐部》,想起一个看起来很简单不过之前一直不知道的东西.

5. To be or not to be, that is the question.这句话里的be的意思并不是平常be动词的"是", 没有补语的be动词的意思是"存在". 所以这句话的意思是存在或死亡, 这是个问题. 怎么样, 躺枪了吧. (别和我说就我之前不知道T T)6.有答主说道虚拟语气, 我想起了虚拟语气的一个小trick, 大家都会写If I were ..., ... 其实在口语里, 不一定要用were, 用was也可以. If this was a movie, you'd be here by now.?7.口语里词的用法我们生疏的更多! 口语用词真是简直了, 很多我们初中甚至小学学的单词以及它们的组合在口语中出现完全就是抓瞎. 以EnglishPod中的几个句子为例:C0001: I'll go with the spaghetti and meatballs, salad and the wine.go with: to choose, pick.C0007: Hey Samuel, can you come take a look at my PC? It's acting up again.act up: not working properly.B0016: Oh, no, the light is about to change...step on it!step on it: drive a lot faster.不说了, 用心去体会...8. 说点与题无关的.w读double u.别问为毛不读double v, 我只知道法语读double v...感觉有用的话点个赞呗~

编辑于 2015-07-19?

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李大笨?

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A: I don't like it

B: me too

B: me either?

B: me neither?

-------------------------然并卵分割线--------------------

就像之前的答案说的，我们中国学生的语法学习还是挺到位的，大部分人知道要用either。

然后，有一次，我们班一个native speaker给我吐槽，说她被一个人中国人纠正了语法，吐槽入下：he can barely say a whole sentence, but can u believe that, he just corrected my grammar! (纠正的就是开头那个.....）。

所以我想说，大家还是多说多说多说吧，我们的语法真的学的够好了......我们不可能等到把所有的语法都学完再张口说话，错就错，错了再改就好了，但是请说！请说！请说！重说三。

-----------------------补充----------------------

有知友评论提到me neither, 我去google了一下，很多人也在争论这个问题。总结一下，就是neither do I 是最标准的说法，正如大部分回复的只有所说。me either 更随意，用大家的话说，“it appears quite often in American English". 所以美语又被黑了吗？什么鬼

还有就是，其实我的答案是想让大家不要太纠结语法，重要的是张嘴说啊！！

前两天一个饭局，在座的有受过高等教育的中国留学生，有大学没读过的一个阿姨，也有本地人。猜猜谁说话最吸引耳朵？是那个阿姨。她语法错误不少，口音也重，但是内容精彩，又敢于和善于表达自已，大家都很喜欢听她说。

所以小伙伴们，说起来！说起来！说起来！

（我不是说语法不重要，而是不要过分在乎语法了好吗大家）

?

from:?

https://www.zhihu.com/question/32071242#answer-31219670

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